Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Barbara Mota, Miguel Ramos, Sandra I. Marques, Ana Silva, Pedro A. Pereira, M. Dulce Madeira, Nuno Mateus, Armando Cardoso
Summary: High-caloric diets, especially those rich in saturated fats and sugar, have detrimental effects on the cognition and emotions of aged rats. The high-fat-high-sugar diet impairs spatial learning, memory, working memory, and increases anxiety levels in aged rats, while reducing the number of doublecortin cells and increasing the number of glial fibrillary acidic protein cells in the hippocampus. In contrast, the effects of the high-fat diet are milder, mainly impairing spatial memory and working memory, and also reducing the number of doublecortin cells in the hippocampus.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lei Wu, Shuang Li, Chao Li, Bin He, Linyi Lv, Jia Wang, Jierui Wang, Weixuan Wang, Yanshu Zhang
Summary: Lead exposure can damage the central nervous system and lead to cognitive impairment, and a high-fat diet may exacerbate this effect. The role of regulatory T cells in inhibiting astrocyte activation in mice exposed to lead while on a high-fat diet warrants further investigation.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lamis Chamas, Isabelle Seugnet, Roseline Poirier, Marie-Stephanie Clerget-Froidevaux, Valerie Enderlin
Summary: This study investigated the protective mechanisms linking hypothyroidism and neuroinflammation. Hypothyroid WSB/EiJ mice showed no neuroinflammatory response and maintained hippocampal thyroid signaling despite low circulating thyroid hormone levels, while C57BL/6J mice exhibited disturbed thyroid signaling, accompanied by neuroinflammation and memory impairment. The results highlight the importance of the hippocampal thyroid regulatory system in glial reactivity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiaoli Liao, Miao Chen, Yamin Li
Summary: The present study aimed to review evidence from postmortem brain and PET studies on the role of glia induced neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of ASD. The findings from postmortem studies showed increased microglial number and density, as well as increased GFAP protein and mRNA expression in ASD subjects. However, the outcomes of PET studies were inconsistent, with one reporting increased TSPO expression and two reporting decreased TSPO expression in ASD subjects.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sai Shi, Tianzhen Chen, Min Zhao
Summary: This article reviews the interaction between neurons and glial cells in METH-induced neuroinflammation. Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the brain dysfunction caused by METH abuse, and abnormal communication between neurons and glia can lead to adverse behavioral consequences.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Ruicheng Yang, Bo Yang, Wei Liu, Chen Tan, Huanchun Chen, Xiangru Wang
Summary: Neuroinflammation is implicated in various CNS disorders, and the activation of astrocytes and microglia plays a crucial role in defense mechanisms. However, their activation can trigger neuroinflammation, exacerbating or inducing CNS injury. Non-coding RNAs are highly expressed in astrocytes and microglia and may be mediators of neuroinflammation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberta J. Ward, David T. Dexter, Robert R. Crichton
Summary: Disturbance of brain homeostasis leads to inflammation and cell death. Inflammation and iron metabolism interact, leading to iron deposition in brain cells. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play a role in inflammation and iron metabolism. Mechanisms to regulate iron homeostasis are important, and therapeutic approaches include N-acetyl cysteine, anti-inflammatory compounds, and iron chelation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Zsuzsanna Barad, Joana Augusto, Aine M. Kelly
Summary: Optimal performance of the central nervous system depends on communication between different cell types. Ageing is associated with CNS disequilibrium, but endurance exercise can have a positive impact on neuroimmune communications. Regular aerobic exercise provides an adaptive advantage against perturbations to homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Julia Sala-Jarque, Elisa Garcia-Lara, Paula Carreras-Dominguez, Chunfang Zhou, Neus Rabaneda-Lombarte, Carme Sola, Jose M. Vidal-Taboada, Adam Feiler, Ninnie Abrahamsson, Elena N. Kozlova, Josep Saura
Summary: This study analyzed the responses of two types of brain cells, astrocytes and microglia, to mesoporous silica particles (MSPs), and found that MSPs can be effectively internalized into microglial cells without affecting cell viability or morphology, but significantly increase extracellular levels of proinflammatory mediators when used in combination with lipopolysaccharide. These results suggest that MSPs could be a novel tool for specific drug delivery to microglial cells.
Review
Immunology
Yu Chen, Fu Peng, Ziwei Xing, Junren Chen, Cheng Peng, Dan Li
Summary: Neuroinflammation is an immune response in the central nervous system that is involved in various brain diseases. Flavonoids can alleviate neuroinflammation by inhibiting inflammatory mediators, promoting anti-inflammatory factors, and modulating glial cell polarization. They have therapeutic potential for brain disorders associated with neuroinflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Shane M. O'Neil, Emma E. Hans, Starr Jiang, Lynde M. Wangler, Jonathan P. Godbout
Summary: The study found that aged mice's hippocampal microglia had an amplified and prolonged neuroinflammatory response to peripheral LPS challenge. Furthermore, astrocytes in the aged hippocampus showed immunosenescence, with deficits in IL-10R signaling and cholesterol biosynthesis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fernando Cruz-Mendoza, Sonia Luquin, Joaquin Garcia-Estrada, David Fernandez-Quezada, Fernando Jauregui-Huerta
Summary: This study investigated the effects of acoustic stress on hippocampal proliferation and glial cytoarchitecture in adult male rats using environmental noise as a stress model. The results showed abnormal cellular proliferation in the hippocampus after 21 days of noise exposure, with an inverse effect on the proliferation ratios of astrocytes and microglia. Both cell lineages also displayed atrophic morphologies with fewer processes and lower densities in the noise-stressed animals. These findings suggest that stress not only affects neurogenesis and neuronal death in the hippocampus, but also the proliferation ratio, cell density, and morphology of glial cells, potentially triggering an inflammatory-like response that compromises their homeostatic and repair functions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Andrei Turkin, Oksana Tuchina, Friederike Klempin
Summary: Microglia are resident immune cells in the adult brain that respond to stimuli by activating an acute inflammatory response, involving cytokine release and phagocytosis. Chronic microglia-mediated inflammation in diseases, particularly neurodegenerative disorders, is associated with disease progression. Understanding microglia communication with their environment, release of neurotrophins, and interaction with serotonin is crucial for maintaining neural circuit homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Sarah E. Elzinga, Rosemary Henn, Benjamin J. Murdock, Bhumsoo Kim, John M. Hayes, Faye Mendelson, Ian Webber-Davis, Sam Teener, Crystal Pacut, Stephen I. Lentz, Eva L. Feldman
Summary: Obesity, prediabetes, and diabetes are associated with neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease related dementias, through the activation of innate inflammatory signaling, potentially via the cGAS/STING pathway.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Nadia D'Ambrosi, Martina Milani, Savina Apolloni
Summary: S100A4, a member of the S100 protein family, plays diverse roles in different cellular contexts; while it has been primarily associated with tumorigenesis and metastasis, it also plays a key role in promoting inflammation in various organs; in the nervous system, S100A4 contributes to neurogenesis, cellular motility, and inflammatory responses.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Chen Huei Leo, Hooi Hooi Ng, Sarah A. Marshall, Maria Jelinic, Thusitha Rupasinghe, Chengxue Qin, Ute Roessner, Rebecca H. Ritchie, Marianne Tare, Laura J. Parry
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria Jelinic, Nicola Kahlberg, Chen Huei Leo, Hooi Hooi Ng, Sarah Rosli, Minh Deo, Mandy Li, Siobhan Finlayson, Jesse Walsh, Laura J. Parry, Rebecca H. Ritchie, Cheng Xue Qin
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cheng Xue Qin, Jarryd Anthonisz, Chen Huei Leo, Nicola Kahlberg, Anida Velagic, Mandy Li, Edwina Jap, Owen L. Woodman, Laura J. Parry, John D. Horowitz, Barbara K. Kemp-Harper, Rebecca H. Ritchie
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah A. Marshall, Cheng Xue Qin, Maria Jelinic, Kelly O'Sullivan, Minh Deo, Jesse Walsh, Mandy Li, Laura J. Parry, Rebecca H. Ritchie, Chen Huei Leo
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Sj Shen, Kathryn Prame Kumar, Shu Wen Wen, Raymond Shim, Brooke J. Wanrooy, Dragana Stanley, Robert J. Moore, Thi Thu Hao Van, Remy Robert, Michael J. Hickey, Connie H. Y. Wong
Summary: Ulcerative colitis is associated with colonic neutrophil accumulation, and recent studies suggest that dietary fiber deficiency can promote an inflammatory state in the colon. Supplementing with acetate, a short-chain fatty acid produced through bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber, can protect against colonic neutrophil enrichment and pathology in an experimental model of colitis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Brooke J. Wanrooy, Shu Wen Wen, Connie H. Y. Wong
Summary: Research on neutrophils in the neuroinflammatory cascade after ischemic stroke indicates their diverse roles in the acute stages, potentially eliciting both pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. The uncertainty regarding the benefits or harms of neutrophil diversity in stroke remains, but if their hypothesized wound-healing functions can be validated, it may provide a promising therapeutic target for the majority of stroke patients currently without treatment.
IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fan-Shun Zhang, Qing-Ze He, Chengxue Helena Qin, Peter J. Little, Jian-Ping Weng, Suo-Wen Xu
Summary: Colchicine is an ancient herbal drug with unique anti-inflammatory effects and prominent cardiovascular actions. Clinical trials have confirmed its curative effect in treating cardiovascular diseases, and its anti-inflammatory mechanisms have been studied.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Tara E. Scott, Cheng Xue Qin, Grant R. Drummond, Adrian J. Hobbs, Barbara K. Kemp-Harper
Summary: Pulmonary hypertension is a rare and lethal disease with dysregulated immune processes playing a key role in its pathogenesis, with inflammasomes identified as a novel therapeutic target. The distinction between anti-inflammatory approaches and pro-resolution pathways is an emerging strategy for treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Samuel A. Mills, Andrew Jobling, Michael A. Dixon, Bang Bui, Kirstan A. Vessey, Joanna A. Phipps, Ursula Greferath, Gene Venables, Vickie H. Y. Wong, Connie H. Y. Wong, Zheng He, Flora Hui, James C. Young, Josh Tonc, Elena Ivanova, Botir T. Sagdullaev, Erica L. Fletcher
Summary: Local blood flow control within the central nervous system (CNS) is dependent on coordination between neurons, glia, and blood vessels. This study explored the role of microglia in retinal vasoregulation, showing that microglia actively participate in the neurovascular unit and contribute to vascular compromise during diabetic retinopathy. The findings suggest that aberrant microglial-vascular function may play a role in early vascular changes in diabetic retinopathy.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anida Velagic, Jasmin Chendi Li, Cheng Xue Qin, Mandy Li, Minh Deo, Sarah A. Marshall, Dovile Anderson, Owen L. Woodman, John D. Horowitz, Barbara K. Kemp-Harper, Rebecca H. Ritchie
Summary: This study demonstrates that in T2DM, NO · resistance in the heart and vasculature can be circumvented by the HNO donor Angeli's salt, preserving inotropic and lusitropic responses. These findings have important therapeutic potential for cardiovascular emergencies such as acute ischemia and heart failure.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Cheng Xue Qin, Lucy Norling, Elizabeth A. Vecchio, Eoin P. Brennan, Lauren T. May, Denise Wootten, Catherine Godson, Mauro Perretti, Rebecca H. Ritchie
Summary: This article discusses the pharmacology of formylpeptide receptor 2 (FPR2) and its complex biology. The authors propose that understanding FPR2 could lead to innovative treatments for chronic inflammatory conditions.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Brooke J. Wanrooy, Shu Wen Wen, Raymond Shim, Jenny L. Wilson, Kathryn Prame Kumar, Connie Hy Wong
Summary: Previous studies have conflicting results regarding the recruitment of innate immune cells after cerebral ischemia. This study used different cell markers to evaluate the contributions of these cells and their inflammatory states. The results showed that brain-associated innate immune cells display various stroke-induced inflammatory states that depend on the experimental stroke setting.
IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Anida Velagic, Mandy Li, Minh Deo, Jasmin Chendi Li, Helen Kiriazis, Daniel G. Donner, Dovile Anderson, Miles J. De Blasio, Owen L. Woodman, Barbara K. Kemp-Harper, Cheng Xue Qin, Rebecca H. Ritchie
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin treatment on type 2 diabetes mellitus-related cardiomyopathy in a rat model. The results showed that a high-sucrose diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin treatment closely resembled the phenotype of type 2 diabetes mellitus-induced cardiomyopathy. These findings highlight the importance of sucrose content in diet composition in preclinical studies of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
William R. Studley, Emma Lamanna, Katherine A. Martin, Claudia A. Nold-Petry, Simon G. Royce, Owen L. Woodman, Rebecca H. Ritchie, Cheng Xue Qin, Jane E. Bourke
Summary: The study found that the agonist 17b can maintain vasodilation under inflammatory conditions and inhibit the release of cytokines related to pulmonary arterial hypertension.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
ZheHao Tan, Pam Hall, Adam Costin, Simon A. Crawford, Georg Ramm, Connie H. Y. Wong, A. Richard Kitching, Michael J. Hickey
Summary: The role of the endothelial surface layer (ESL) in recruiting monocytes and neutrophils in glomerular capillaries is unclear. This study shows that the ESL does not modulate the trafficking and retention of these immune cells in both steady-state and acutely-inflamed glomeruli.