Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Shih-Jie Jian, Steven S-S Wang, Chien Wei Ooi, Boon Chin Hoe, You-Ren Lai, Chen-Yaw Chiu, Michael Hsu, Kuei-Hsiang Chen, Yu-Kaung Chang
Summary: Cellulose-based nanofibers have broad applications and in this study, cellulose acetate nanofiber membrane was hydrolyzed to a regenerated cellulose nanofiber membrane for the purification of malate dehydrogenase using Reactive Orange 4 as the dye ligand. The optimal conditions for MDH adsorption were found to be pH 7.5 and 520 mg dye/g membrane.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ren-Ze Huang, Kuei-Hsiang Chen, Chien Wei Ooi, Boon Chin Hoe, You-Ren Lai, Michael Hsu, Chen-Yaw Chiu, Steven S. -S. Wang, Yu-Kaung Chang
Summary: A fluidized bed adsorption system with an agitator was used to recover malate dehydrogenase enzyme from turbid yeast cell homogenate. The adsorption and desorption characteristics of a high-density mixed-mode adsorbent for the recovery of MDH were studied. Successful recovery of MDH was achieved in a stirred fluidized bed adsorption mode, demonstrating the linear scalability of this technique.
BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Semra Bozkurt, Oezguel Altay, Filiz Alemdar, Mustafa Tuerker, Mehmet Koc, Figen Kaymak-Ertekin
Summary: The main purpose of this study is to obtain dry yeast that can be stored for a long period by preventing moisture transfer, using edible films and coating technology. The results show that the Wurster coating method with a combination of palm oil, gelatin, and pectin ensures low water vapor permeability, high yeast activity, and high solubility.
JOURNAL OF COATINGS TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Robert Durr, Andreas Buck
Summary: This study investigates the influence of process control of moisture content in continuously operated convective dryers on the activity of particulate bio-materials. It focuses on the drying of baker's yeast in a fluidized bed dryer as the case study. Simulation studies show the superiority of controlled process operation over uncontrolled operation in terms of uncertainties in the falling-rate drying period and process disturbances. Limitations in the controllability of activity are identified and future actions are proposed.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Pau Loke Show, Chien Wei Ooi, Cher Pin Song, Wai Siong Chai, Guan-Ting Lin, Bing-Lan Liu, Yu-Kaung Chang
Summary: Lysozyme was successfully purified from crude chicken egg white using ion exchange chromatography, with optimal adsorption conditions at pH 9. The recovery yield and purification factor of lysozyme were 93.78% and -40 folds, respectively. These findings suggest that SP and SP-XL adsorbents are highly effective for direct lysozyme recovery from crude CEW.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Daniele Costa da Silva Alves, Roni Anderson Capa Verde Pires, Francine Fonseca Diniz Alga, Janaina Oliveira Goncalves, Guilherme Luiz Dotto, Luiz Antonio de Almeida Pinto, Carlos Alberto Severo Felipe
Summary: The study analyzed the effects of inlet air temperature and chitosan solutions on coating efficiency, as well as the effects of pH and coating solution formulation on adsorption capacity. Results showed higher efficiencies and adsorption capacities could be achieved under specific conditions.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Bingyan Chen, Zhangchen Liang, Xiaojie Lin, Weixin Li, Xiaozi Lin, Zhigang He
Summary: Adding Hongqu rice distiller's grain peptides (HRP) during fluidized bed drying process significantly reduces drying rate and improves the viability of yeast cells. HRP protects the morphology of yeast cells and reduces damage to cell membrane, resulting in higher membrane integrity and ATPase activity after rehydration.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Merve Asena Ozbek, Nilay Bereli, Erdogan Ozgur, Adil Denizli
Summary: One of the primary purposes of proteomic studies is to analyze blood proteins as biomarkers. This study developed an alternative approach for albumin depletion by covalently attaching Cibacron Blue 3GA (CB) to magnetic microcryogels. Experimental studies demonstrated that CB-attached magnetic microcryogels can be reused without loss of performance.
JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ai Hsin, Su-Chun How, Steven S. -S. Wang, Chien Wei Ooi, Chen-Yaw Chiu, Yu-Kaung Chang
Summary: PAN nanofiber membranes were prepared using the electrospinning technique, and converted to dye affinity membranes. The pseudo second-order rate equation was found to be favorable for describing the adsorption of lysozyme, while the Langmuir isotherm model was able to satisfactorily fit the experimental data, indicating that the adsorption process was spontaneous. Additionally, after five cycles of reuse, P-EDA-Dye nanofiber membranes still demonstrated efficient lysozyme adsorption.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Siyamak Nejatbakhsh, Ahmadreza Mohammadian Soodmand, Babak Azimi, Mahdi Ebrahimi Farshchi, Hassan Aghdasinia, Hossein Kazemian
Summary: Wastewater reuse is an important way to overcome water resource issues, and in this study, a heterogeneous Fenton reaction was used to treat a non-biodegradable organic contaminant in synthetic seawater. The optimal conditions were determined to be using 3.1 g/L catalysts and 12.95 mM H2O2, which could completely remove 33.12 mg/L dye. Treatment in a fluidized bed reactor significantly improved the dye removal efficiency and reduced the treatment time. The synthesized catalysts maintained acceptable performance for up to 6 cycles after regeneration.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
P. Deepa Priya, K. Saravanan
Summary: Fluidized beds are widely used in various industries for processing materials with different particle sizes, offering even temperature distribution and excellent heat and mass transfer. Studying the hydrodynamics of fluidized beds helps understand their characteristics, and gas velocity and stirrer speed affect pressure drop and power.
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY & CHEMICAL ENGINEERING QUARTERLY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Khalid Khazzal Hummadi, Sha Luo, Songbo He
Summary: In this study, the first application of an inverse fluidized-bed bio-adsorption column using torrefied rice husk (TRH) for the removal of methylene blue has been demonstrated. The results show that TRH exhibits superior adsorption characteristics compared to fixed-bed adsorption columns, with increased surface area and enhanced surface functional groups. The increased adsorption capacity on TRH in both the inverse fluidized-bed and fixed-bed columns compared to raw rice husk suggests the potential for more efficient removal of methylene blue.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bonface Orero, Benton Otieno, Freeman Ntuli, Tumeletso Lekgoba, Aoyi Ochieng
Summary: The study investigated the hydrodynamic characteristics of a three-phase fluidized bed reactor using a TiO2-ZnO/BAC composite catalyst for the UV-photodegradation of rhodamine 6G dye. The results indicated that a column inclination angle of 70 degrees and a gas flow rate of 0.019 ms(-1) were the optimal conditions for efficient removal of rhodamine 6G. The dominant limiting factor in the photodegradation process was found to be solid distribution.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Sakshi Manekar, Titikshya Mohapatra, Chandrakant Thakur, Prabir Ghosh
Summary: In this study, the degradation of trypan blue dye using Fenton process was investigated with neutralized red mud catalyst. The influence of key parameters such as pH, initial dye concentration, catalyst dosage, and hydrogen peroxide concentration on dye degradation was examined. Optimal conditions for dye degradation were found to be pH 3, catalyst dosage 0.7 gm/L, and dye concentration 1.56 x 10(-5) mol L-1. Additionally, the reaction kinetics of the Fluidized-bed reactor were also studied.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL REACTOR ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jiaqian Lei, Yaojun Zhang, Panyang He
Summary: A composite anode of alpha-Fe2O3/CFAG was successfully fabricated and showed improved electrochemical performance for applications in the degradation of indigo carmine dye wastewater. The composite anode exhibited higher oxygen evolution potential, greater electrochemical activity area, and excellent stability after multiple cycles, demonstrating its potential as a strong oxidizing agent for electrocatalytic degradation processes.
JOURNAL OF RENEWABLE MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jun Wei Roy Chong, Kuan Shiong Khoo, Kit Wayne Chew, Dai-Viet N. Vo, Deepanraj Balakrishnan, Fawzi Banat, Heli Siti Halimatul Munawaroh, Koji Iwamoto, Pau Loke Show
Summary: The aim of this study is to incorporate rapid, high-accuracy, reliable, low-cost, simple, and state-of-the-art identification methods for microalgae species identification. Recently, deep learning (DL) has significantly improved the efficiency and accuracy of microalgae identification. This review paper discusses the significance of microalgae identification and the use of machine learning algorithms, image preprocessing techniques, and feature extraction for classification accuracy.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Nitin Kumar Singh, Manish Yadav, Vijai Singh, Hirendrasinh Padhiyar, Vinod Kumar, Shashi Kant Bhatia, Pau-Loke Show
Summary: Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are currently being used in multiple domains, including the monitoring and design of biological wastewater treatment systems (WWTS). This paper reviews the available information on the applications of AI and ML models in WWTS, presenting bibliometric analyses, model descriptions, specific applications, and major findings. Predominantly used models in biological wastewater treatment include artificial neural networks (ANN), fuzzy logic (FL) algorithms, random forest (RF), and long short-term memory (LSTM), which are tested for predictive control of effluent parameters such as biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nutrient parameters, solids, and metallic substances. Commonly used model performance indicators for accuracy analysis include root mean squared error (RMSE), mean square error (MSE), and determination coefficient (DC). Additionally, this study summarizes the outcomes of various models.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Iqra Mahboob, Sumeer Shafique, Iqrash Shafiq, Parveen Akhter, Artem S. Belousov, Pau-Loke Show, Young -Kwon Park, Murid Hussain
Summary: This study developed a LaVO4/MCM-48 nanocomposite for the photocatalytic degradation of phenol, which exhibited excellent performance including increased light photon utilization and reduced recombination rate. The nanocomposite showed outstanding photodegradation performance of phenol in water under visible light, with good stability and recyclability.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Soheil Valizadeh, Yasin Khani, Hoesuk Yim, Suhyeong Chai, Dongwon Chang, Abid Farooq, Pau-Loke Show, Byong-Hun Jeon, Moonis Ali Khan, Sang-Chul Jung, Young-Kwon Park
Summary: In this study, nickel-loaded perovskite oxides catalysts were synthesized and used in the catalytic steam gasification of swine manure to produce H2-rich syngas. The catalysts produced ultrafine nanoparticles with a uniform dispersion of Ni particles. The gas yield and H-2 production showed variation depending on the perovskite supports used, with the highest selectivity achieved by 10% Ni/CaTiO3. This study provides a solution for enhanced H-2 production through steam gasification, while also suggesting suitable supports to prevent Ni deactivation and coke formation.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Dang-Khoa Tran, Thuy Nguyen Thi Phuong, Nhat-Le Bui, Vijai Singh, Qi Hao Looi, Benson Koh, Ungku Mohd Shahrin B. Mohd Zaman, Jhi Biau Foo, Chia-Ching Wu, Pau Loke Show, Dinh-Toi Chu
Summary: Over the past decade, the use of stem cell therapies in aesthetic and plastic surgery has increased due to their potential for self-renewal and multipotent differentiation. Adipose-derived stem cells have been particularly promising for fat grafting and have shown benefits in scar improvement, anti-aging, and skin rejuvenation. However, stem cell-based products have not yet received FDA approval for aesthetic medicine and plastic surgery, and the literature on the efficacy and potential of stem cell-based therapy in this field is limited. This review discusses the current status and recent advances in using stem cells for aesthetic and plastic surgery, highlighting the potential of cell-free therapy and tissue engineering.
IEEE REVIEWS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yujin Hwang, Young -Min Kim, Jung Eun Lee, Gwang Hoon Rhee, Pau-Loke Show, Kun -Yi Andrew Lin, Young-Kwon Park
Summary: Removal of harmful volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as 2-butanone, emitted from industrial plants is crucial for clean air. Recycling porous spent fluid catalytic cracking (SFCC) catalysts from petroleum refineries can reduce waste and reuse resources. Mn-Cu/SFCC and Mn/SFCC catalysts exhibited superior catalytic efficiency in the ozonation of 2-butanone compared to other catalysts studied. The improved distribution of Mn3+ species and O-vacancy sites in Mn/SFCC and Mn-Cu/SFCC catalysts enhanced their catalytic activity for 2-butanone and ozone removal.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Azalea Dyah Maysarah Satya, Wai Yan Cheah, Sara Kazemi Yazdi, Yu-Shen Cheng, Kuan Shiong Khoo, Dai-Viet N. Vo, Xuan Dong Bui, Meththika Vithanage, Pau Loke Show
Summary: Water usage is increasing due to its finite amount and competitiveness, leading to the need for water recirculation in industries. The circular bioeconomy highlights the importance of reusing and recycling materials, and microalgae is an ideal source for this approach due to its fast growth, adaptability, and ability to consume nutrients. This review investigates the potential of microalgae biomass cultivated in wastewater and its role in the circular bioeconomy, focusing on the production of goods from wastes contaminated with emerging pollutants. The aim is to provide new insights to researchers and industrial stakeholders interested in green alternatives and contribute to environmental sustainability.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Yaleeni Kanna Dasan, Man Kee Lam, Yee Ho Chai, Jun Wei Lim, Yeek Chia Ho, Inn Shi Tan, Sie Yon Lau, Pau Loke Show, Keat Teong Lee
Summary: Microalgae have the potential to mitigate atmospheric CO2 due to their fast growth rates, resilience, and ability to produce various products. However, advancements are needed to overcome challenges and enhance CO2 solubility for effective carbon capture. This review discusses biological carbon concentrating mechanisms and current approaches to improve CO2 solubility and biofixation, including gene mutation and nanotechnology. The review also evaluates the energy and economic feasibility of microalgae-based CO2 mitigation.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Wangliang Li, Rohit Gupta, Zhikai Zhang, Lixia Cao, Yanqing Li, Pau Loke Show, Sunil Kumar, Vijaya Kumar Gupta, Kun-Yi Andrew Lin, Sunita Varjani, Stephanie Connelly, Siming You
Summary: High-solid anaerobic digestion (HSAD) is an effective method for disposing of organic waste and mitigating climate change through bioenergy recovery. However, HSAD faces challenges such as low biogas and methane yields, slow reaction rates, and inhibition due to mixing limitations. This article critically reviews recent progress in HSAD, focusing on transport phenomena and process modeling. It discusses hydrodynamic phenomena, biokinetic mechanisms, reactor simulations, advanced reactor designs, industrial applications, and key parameters for sustained HSAD operation. Further research on novel materials and the development of a generic simulation tool are needed for improving HSAD efficiency and scalability.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Yaqian Gao, Yuhui Ge, Yunfeng Ma, Hailun Zhao, Guixing Xiao, Pau Loke Show, Jianqiu Chen, Ruixin Guo, Yanhua Liu
Summary: Black carbon, a residue of incomplete combustion of fossil fuels or biomass, is widely present in the natural environment and has negative impacts on human health and climate. Research has shown its positive role in pollutant removal, but further studies are needed on defining standards, accurate quantification methods, structural characteristics, ecological effects, and physical and chemical properties of black carbon in order to improve environmental remediation and pollutant removal efficiency.
REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jun Wei Roy Chong, Doris Ying Ying Tang, Hui Yi Leong, Kuan Shiong Khoo, Pau Loke Show, Kit Wayne Chew
Summary: This article discusses the application of artificial intelligence in the extraction and quantification of fucoxanthin. By establishing new technologies and processes involving big data, digitization, and automation, AI models such as artificial neural networks and adaptive neuro fuzzy inference systems can improve the efficiency of fucoxanthin extraction and predict optimal conditions, thereby increasing the yield and quality of the product.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Kevin Tian Xiang Tong, Inn Shi Tan, Henry Chee Yew Foo, Pau Loke Show, Man Kee Lam, Mee Kee Wong
Summary: The transition to a circular biorefinery using microbial fuel cells (MFC) is urgently needed to reduce the carbon footprint caused by industrialization. Although MFC has great potential for integrated production of biochemicals and bioenergy, its high production costs and slow microbial kinetics have hindered commercialization. This review focuses on the use of macroalgal biomass as a substrate in the MFC system for L-lactic acid (L-LA) and bioelectricity generation, as well as the technological advancements in the MFC system. Recent investigations have shown that different anolyte in MFC can significantly enhance power density. This review also provides insights into the development of a macroalgal-based L-LA and bioelectricity circular biorefinery in the MFC system for future research directions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kamil Kayode Katibi, Mohd Zuhair Mohd Nor, Khairul Faezah Md. Yunos, Juhana Jaafar, Pau Loke Show
Summary: Membrane separation is a promising technology for fruit juice concentration and clarification, but fouling is a challenge.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Imran Ahmad, Natasha Nabila Binti Ibrahim, Norhayati Abdullah, Iwamoto Koji, Shaza Eva Mohamad, Kuan Shiong Khoo, Wai Yan Cheah, Tau Chuan Ling, Pau Loke Show
Summary: Palm oil mill effluent (POME) is wastewater from the production of palm oil, containing high concentrations of organic matter, nutrients, and oil and grease. Proper management of POME is important to avoid environmental impact. This study explores the treatment of POME and landfill leachate using microalgae, integrated with biofuel production, for economically viable and environmentally sustainable wastewater treatment.
CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Babu Dharmalingam, Santhoshkumar Annamalai, Sukunya Areeya, Kittipong Rattanaporn, Keerthi Katam, Pau-Loke Show, Malinee Sriariyanun
Summary: The study used response surface methodology and Bayesian neural network to predict the characteristics of a diesel engine powered by a blend of biodiesel and diesel fuel. The biodiesel was produced from waste cooking oil using a biocatalyst synthesized from vegetable waste. The study found that the biocatalyst was capable of producing a maximum yield of 93% at 55 degrees C under specific reaction conditions.
