Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yadi Hu, Jie Liu, Xiumin Li, Fang Wang, Lan Luo, Ying Pei, Yong Lei, Keyong Tang
Summary: This study investigates the pyrolysis kinetics and mechanism of leathers tanned with mimosa extract and tannic acid, revealing differences in pyrolysis products and mechanisms attributed to different tanning agents. The research provides theoretical basis and evidence for converting solid leather wastes into value-added products.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Niloy Kundu, Pinakpani Biswas, Prasenjit Bhunia, Rita Ghosh, Supriya Sarkar
Summary: The simultaneous thermogravimetric-mass spectrometry analysis of pyrolytic decomposition of different metallurgical coals provided insights into the coking mechanism during the carbonisation process. The addition of phenolic resin to coal enhanced fluidity and thermal cracking, revealing the characteristics of gases evolved and helping to eliminate discrepancies in molecular weight components.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zonghui Zhang, Yadi Hu, Fang Wang, Xuejing Zheng, Jie Liu, Keyong Tang
Summary: The management and safe disposal of chrome-tanned leather wastes is crucial due to potential health risks and environmental hazards. This study proposes an integrated strategy for disposing of these wastes, involving the separation of chromium salts for recycling and pyrolysis of the acid-treated waste. The results provide useful information on the composition, morphology, and kinetics of the waste, offering an alternative route for recycling and disposing of chrome-containing leather wastes.
Article
Archaeology
Yadi Hu, Jie Liu, Guohe Han, Xiumin Li, Zonghui Zhang, Xuejing Zheng, Fang Wang, Ying Pei, Yong Lei, Keyong Tang
Summary: This study investigated the deterioration of mimosa-tanned leather artificially aged under specific conditions. The analysis revealed that the aging treatment resulted in reduced thermal resistance, decreased hydroxyproline content, and structural damage to collagen fibers. Changes in gaseous products were also observed.
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jucilene Cavali, Maria Luiza Rodrigues de Souza, Patricia Silva de Oliveira Kanarski, Melina Franco Coradini, Jeronimo Vieira Dantas Filho
Summary: With the intensification of fish farming, the amount of residues and by-products, such as leather, has increased. This study examined the physical and mechanical properties, histology, and morphology of paiche leather tanned with chromium oxide and vegetable tannin. The results showed that leather tanned with vegetable tannin had lower resistance to tear but higher resistance to traction rupture.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
W. Ding, H. Liu, X. Hao, L. Dong, X. Pang, Z. Ding
Summary: Waste collagen fiber from non-chrome metal complex tanned leather shavings was converted to a bio-additive (DCH) via catalytic peroxide oxidation. This DCH improved the performance of biomass-derived aldehyde tanned chrome-free leather and showed filling effects, better dyeing uniformity, mechanical strengths, and organoleptic properties.
MATERIALS TODAY SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Marika Gargano, Claudia Florio, Giovanni Sannia, Vincenzo Lettera
Summary: The leather industry generates a significant amount of solid waste. Various methods have been developed to recover and utilize these wastes, primarily by extracting collagen using chemical methods. However, the poor quality of extracted collagen limits its applications, mostly as a nitrogen source ingredient in fertilizers. This study presents a new process based on enzymatic hydrolysis to extract collagen from tanned leather solid wastes for use as a filling agent in low quality leather. The extracted collagen retains its integrity and quality due to the enzymatic hydrolysis. Additionally, an enzymatic cross-linking reaction between collagen and casein was developed to enhance the filling effect. The results suggest the potential of extracted collagen to be employed in leather processing as both an additive and a substitutive filler.
CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Katarzyna Sieczynska, Malgorzata Krepska, Magdalena Lason-Rydel
Summary: The content of metals was determined in 6 finished, varnished natural leathers, with 5 of them meeting the requirements of the SG mark and the Oeko-Tex Standard 100 certificate in terms of heavy metals content. No Cr(W) was detected in any of the tested leathers. The tests were performed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).
PRZEMYSL CHEMICZNY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Liangqiong Peng, Wenjun Long, Wenhua Zhang, Bi Shi
Summary: This paper investigates the environmental impact of leather production, focusing on hazardous substances, leaching toxicity, and ecotoxicity, with particular emphasis on chrome and chrome-free processes. The study finds that the hazardous substances in various tanned leather waste are lower than the current criteria for eco-label products, but leaching toxicity and ecotoxicity show different results. Some chrome-leather samples may be classified as hazardous waste due to exceeding the total chrome limitation, even though no Cr(VI) is leached out. The ecotoxicity test on leather samples indicates that chrome-tanned samples are more toxic than corresponding chrome-free samples, highlighting the crucial environmental impact of the tanning process. The increased toxicity of finished leather also emphasizes the significance of the finishing procedure in developing environment-friendly leather products. Multiple linear regression analysis further reveals positive correlations between the ecotoxicity of leather and leached total Cr, HCHO, and anionic polyelectrolyte. These findings identify the key procedures and chemicals to improve the process safety of leather production.
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Cristina Carsote, Claudiu Sendrea, Maria-Cristina Micu, Alina Adams, Elena Badea
Summary: The research aimed to understand the thermal stability and structural order changes of collagen within vegetable-tanned leather exposed to gamma irradiation. Results showed that a 10 kGy dose significantly affected collagen molecular structure, fibrils' hydrothermal stability, and macromolecular chain's mobility. Leathers with high thermal stability and homogeneous distribution of collagen populations better withstood radiation up to 25 kGy or 50 kGy.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zoltan Sebestyen, Marianne Blazso, Emma Jakab, Norbert Miskolczi, Janos Bozi, Zsuzsanna Czegeny
Summary: The study found that various catalysts have a significant impact on the pyrolysis products of plastic waste and biomass mixtures, with a stronger influence on the plastic content. Some catalysts can promote cracking reactions and aromatization, with beta-zeolite and ZSM-5 catalysts being the most effective.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Elizabeth Dickinson, Kirsty E. High
Summary: Vegetable tanned leather presents challenges for conservators and curators due to a lack of understanding about its deterioration. Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) combined with multivariate statistical methods can identify subtle differences in the FTIR spectra of degraded leather, providing valuable information for the assessment of archaeological and historical leather objects.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Lina Johatzin Ortiz-Gutierrez, Sergio Soto-Simental, Armando Zepeda-Bastida, Juan Ocampo-Lopez, Maricela Ayala-Martinez
Summary: The study found that extracts of Dalbergia palo-escrito can be used as a natural tanning agent for rabbit skin, with the best results observed at a concentration of 40 g L-1, improving the physical quality of the skin in terms of softness, gloss, and firmness.
ECOSISTEMAS Y RECURSOS AGROPECUARIOS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Lina Johatzin Ortiz-Gutierrez, Sergio Soto-Simental, Armando Zepeda-Bastida, Juan Ocampo-Lopez, Maricela Ayala-Martinez
Summary: The study evaluated the use of Dalbergia palo-escrito extracts as a natural tanning agent for rabbit skin. Results showed that tanning with 40 g L-1 of stem extract resulted in better physical quality of the skin.
ECOSISTEMAS Y RECURSOS AGROPECUARIOS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Omar Salmi, Simone Gelosa, Filippo Rossi, Maurizio Masi
Summary: The finished tanned leather is usually covered by a thin polymeric layer to improve its appearance and impermeabilization properties. However, this finished layer often leads to the rejection of the product by clients, and tanneries need to recover the underlying leather layer. The strong bonding between the polymeric film and leather requires a blade shaving process for separation, which also removes a layer of tanned leather and reduces its thickness. In this study, a novel separation method using cryogenic fluids, such as liquid nitrogen, was developed to freeze the polymeric layer below the glass transition temperature, allowing for easy separation without altering the tanned leather layer.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Eszter Barta-Rajnai, Zoltan Sebestyen, Emma Jakab, Eszter Patus, Janos Bozi, Liang Wang, Oyvind Skreiberg, Morten Gronli, Roger Khalil, Zsuzsanna Czegeny
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Cristina Carsote, Elena Badea
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Elena Badea, Cristina Carsote, Emanuel Hadimbu, Claudiu Sendrea, Maria-Cristina Lupas
Editorial Material
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Elena Badea
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Federica Cappa, Ilaria Paganoni, Cristina Carsote, Elena Badea, Manfred Schreiner
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Noemi Proietti, Valeria Di Tullio, Cristina Carsote, Elena Badea
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Polymer Science
Federica Cappa, Ilaria Paganoni, Cristina Carsote, Manfred Schreiner, Elena Badea
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Cristina Carsote, Claudiu Sendrea, Maria-Cristina Micu, Alina Adams, Elena Badea
Summary: The research aimed to understand the thermal stability and structural order changes of collagen within vegetable-tanned leather exposed to gamma irradiation. Results showed that a 10 kGy dose significantly affected collagen molecular structure, fibrils' hydrothermal stability, and macromolecular chain's mobility. Leathers with high thermal stability and homogeneous distribution of collagen populations better withstood radiation up to 25 kGy or 50 kGy.
RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Gabriela Vyskocilova, Cristina Carsote, Richard Sevcik, Elena Badea
Summary: In this study, we investigated the deterioration of vegetable-tanned leather during soil burial tests using a combination of analytical techniques. We identified specific markers for the molecular, fibrillar, and fibrous structure of collagen in leather that are associated with deterioration. The results from FTIR-ATR analysis, DSC analysis, TG/DTG analysis, and SEM imaging confirmed the deterioration markers and provided insights into the mechanism of leather deterioration. These findings are important for understanding the long-term preservation of archaeological leather.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zoltan Sebestyen, Elena Badea, Cristina Carsote, Zsuzsanna Czegeny, Timea Szabo, Bence Babinszki, Janos Bozi, Emma Jakab
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the thermal stability, composition, and molecular structure of four historical leather bookbindings from the 17th to 19th century, and to identify correlations between their thermal, structural, and chemical properties and deterioration mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Janos T. Csenki, Balazs L. Toth, Ferenc Beke, Balint Varga, Peter P. Feher, Andras Stirling, Zsuzsanna Czegeny, Attila Benyei, Zoltan Novak
Summary: This study reports a novel dyotropic rearrangement process involving the migration of iodine atoms in alkyl fragments, demonstrated through experimental and DFT studies. A new fluoroalkyl iodonium reagent was designed and synthesized using the dyotropic rearrangement, showing excellent fluoroalkylation activity towards various amines and nitrogen heterocycles.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Ilaria Quaratesi, Immacolata Bruno, Antonio Pauciulo, Andrea R. Bartiromo, Elena Badea, Cristina Carsote, Placido Neri, Carmen Talotta, Rocco Gliubizzi, Valeria Di Tullio, Noemi Proietti, Antonuccio Cepparrone, Franca Nuti, Vittoria Ferrara, Carmine Gaeta
Summary: This study introduces a new hybrid tanning system containing fl-cyclodextrin as a modification to the widely-used tanning polymer, MIDA DD, which significantly reduces the environmental impact of leather production. The new tanning mixture, composed of fl-CD and MIDA DD, shows better tanning performances compared to fossil-based MIDA DD, leading to a reduction in fossil fuel usage and harmful content in leather.
Article
Thermodynamics
Zoltan Sebestyen, Marianne Blazso, Emma Jakab, Norbert Miskolczi, Janos Bozi, Zsuzsanna Czegeny
Summary: The study found that various catalysts have a significant impact on the pyrolysis products of plastic waste and biomass mixtures, with a stronger influence on the plastic content. Some catalysts can promote cracking reactions and aromatization, with beta-zeolite and ZSM-5 catalysts being the most effective.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Guanshuai Zhang, Shanjian Liu, Dongmei Bi, Zhisen He, Jia Liu, Yinjiao Liu
Summary: Hydrogen peroxide pretreatment was applied for fast pyrolysis of corn stalks, and it was found that the pretreatment effectively promoted lignin depolymerization and decreased the reaction activation energy. The pretreatment also increased the cellulose content and removed alkali and alkaline earth metals from the biomass. The pH of the hydrogen peroxide solution affected the removal of lignin and ash by the pretreatment, and the composition of bio-oil changed significantly, with a significant increase in the relative content of levoglucosan after pretreatment.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2024)
