Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiezhou Pan, Guidong Gong, Qin Wang, Jiaojiao Shang, Yunxiang He, Chelsea Catania, Dan Birnbaum, Yifei Li, Zhijun Jia, Yaoyao Zhang, Neel S. Joshi, Junling Guo
Summary: The authors developed a polyphenol-based nanoarmor coating that protects probiotics from antibiotics and enhances their effectiveness against antibiotic-mediated diarrhea. The nanoarmor absorbs antibiotic molecules and allows the bacteria to colonize in the gastrointestinal tract, reducing diarrhea and inflammation caused by antibiotics.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hongliang Tian, Chen Ye, Bo Yang, Jiaqu Cui, Zhijun Zheng, Chunyan Wu, Shailan Zhou, Xiaoqiong Lv, Nan Qin, Huanlong Qin, Ning Li, Qiyi Chen
Summary: In this study, the researchers found significant differences in the intestinal microbiome of patients with slow transit constipation (STC) compared to healthy individuals. The differences were observed at the phylum, genus, and species level. The study also identified potential biomarkers and pathways associated with STC. These findings suggest that alterations in the microbiome and microbial-derived metabolites may contribute to the development of constipation, providing potential targets for the development of microbial drugs.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vipin Chandra Kalia, Woo Yong Shim, Sanjay Kumar Singh Patel, Chunjie Gong, Jung-Kul Lee
Summary: With an increasing global demand for food due to a growing human population, people in higher socioeconomic status countries have shifted their preferences towards meat, particularly chicken. Studies have shown the importance of feed in regulating the animal gut microbiome, and an imbalance in microbiota can lead to disorders and diseases. The use of antibiotics as feed additives has been banned, leading researchers to identify alternative options for improving feed efficiency and poultry product quality. This research is significant for the future development of a sustainable poultry industry.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Min Cheol Kim, Sunghee Lee, Jin Kyung Park, Jongmi Park, Donghun Lee, Jaewan Park, Byung-Yong Kim, Min Seok Cho, Tae-Yoon Kim, Ha Young Park, Ju Hyun Park, Min Kyung Bok, Hyunjung Lim
Summary: The study showed that ID-HWS1000 has positive effects on improving bowel activity perception and gut microbiome in constipation patients, reducing discomfort and promoting beneficial changes in the gut microbiota.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Logon, Gabriela Swirkosz, Monika Nowak, Martyna Wrzesniewska, Aleksandra Szczygiel, Krzysztof Gomulka
Summary: The role of the microbiome in asthma pathology and treatment is significant, as highlighted in this article. The interplay between asthma and the microbiome is complex, and further research is needed to clarify the factors that moderate this relationship. The pre-treatment bronchial microbiome in asthmatic patients influences their response to treatment. The gut microbiota and its dysbiosis can contribute to immune system modulation and the development of asthma. An appropriate gut microbiome and its intestinal metabolites are protective factors for asthma development. Prebiotics and specific dietary strategies may have prophylactic or therapeutic effects, but further research is needed for definitive conclusions. While evidence regarding probiotics is inconclusive, recent studies have shown promising effects. Future studies should focus on investigating specific strains and examining their mechanisms and genetic aspects.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ellen Wilms, Ran An, Agnieszka Smolinska, Yala Stevens, Antje R. Weseler, Montserrat Elizalde, Marie-Jose Drittij, Athanasia Ioannou, Frederik J. van Schooten, Hauke Smidt, Ad A. M. Masclee, Erwin G. Zoetendal, Daisy M. A. E. Jonkers
Summary: The study compared the fecal microbiota composition, metabolite production, immune and oxidative stress markers in prefrail elderly and younger adults, and investigated the effects of GOS supplementation in both groups. Results showed differences in microbial composition between the two age groups, with lower bifidobacteria in elderly at baseline. GOS intake increased bifidobacteria in both groups, but did not significantly impact fecal and breath metabolites, immune function, or oxidative stress markers.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Zhe Han, Chaoping Cen, Qianying Ou, Yonggui Pan, Jiachao Zhang, Dongxue Huo, Kaining Chen
Summary: Combining methimazole with berberine has better efficacy in patients with Graves' disease, restoring thyroid function, modulating gut microbiota, and providing new evidence for the effectiveness of combining Chinese and Western drugs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alice van der Schoot, Candice Drysdale, Kevin Whelan, Eirini Dimidi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of fiber supplementation on stool output, gut transit time, symptoms, and quality of life in adults with chronic constipation through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. The results showed that fiber supplementation is effective at improving constipation. Psyllium, doses >10 g/d, and treatment durations of at least 4 weeks appeared to have the most optimal effects, although caution is needed when interpreting the results due to considerable heterogeneity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Shengdie Yang, Hongwei Liu, Penghao Xie, Tao Wen, Qirong Shen, Jun Yuan
Summary: The increasing impacts of global climate change on crop performance pose a significant threat to global food security. The rhizosphere microbiomes can facilitate plants in growth promotion and stress resistance. This review focuses on approaches for harnessing the rhizosphere microbiomes to produce beneficial effects toward enhanced crop productivity, including the use of organic and inorganic amendments, and microbial inoculants. Emerging methods, such as synthetic microbial consortia, host-mediated microbiome engineering, prebiotics made from specific plant root exudates, and crop breeding, are highlighted.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Melanie Hanlon, Jungmin Choi, Lisbeth Goddik, Si Hong Park
Summary: Microbial and chemical properties are crucial in determining the quality of cheese. This study investigates the effects of adding prebiotics, specifically fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and inulin, to Cheddar cheese on the microbial and physicochemical composition changes. The results show that the addition of prebiotics alters the microbial profile and some chemical properties of the cheese.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Matthew R. Panasevich, Leighann Daristotle, Rebecca Quesnell, Gregory A. Reinhart, Nolan Z. Frantz
Summary: This study investigated the effects of nonviable Lactobacillus acidophilus and a mixed prebiotic on the fecal microbiota, fermentative end products, and gut immune health in adult Beagle dogs. The findings suggest that diets containing the mixed prebiotic can influence the gut microbiota and immune health.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jin-Ju Jeong, Raja Ganesan, Yoo-Jeong Jin, Hee Jin Park, Byeong Hyun Min, Min Kyo Jeong, Sang Jun Yoon, Mi Ran Choi, Jieun Choi, Ji Hyun Moon, Uigi Min, Jong-Hyun Lim, Do Yup Lee, Sang Hak Han, Young Lim Ham, Byung-Yong Kim, Ki Tae Suk
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of intragastric administration of probiotics on loperamide-induced constipation in rats. The multi-strain probiotics significantly increased the number of fecal pellets and improved gastrointestinal transit rate. The mRNA expression levels of serotonin- and mucin-related genes in the treated colons were significantly increased. Short-chain fatty acids, serotonin, and mucin levels were altered through improvement in intestinal microflora.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Mihaela Adela Iancu, Monica Profir, Oana Alexandra Rosu, Ruxandra Florentina Ionescu, Sanda Maria Cretoiu, Bogdan Severus Gaspar
Summary: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in gut health and immune metabolism. Probiotics have the potential to modulate the gut microbiome, strengthen the intestinal barrier, and regulate the immune system, thus offering benefits in treating diarrhea and constipation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bridgette Wilson, Oezge Eyice, Ioannis Koumoutsos, Miranda C. Lomer, Peter M. Irving, James O. Lindsay, Kevin Whelan
Summary: Prebiotics may not reduce clinical scores or inflammation in patients with active ulcerative colitis, but can normalize stools. The increase in proportions of Bifidobacterium and Christensenellaceae only occurred in patients with less active diseases, suggesting that the prebiotic effect may depend on disease activity.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Emily Schupfer, Sok Cheon Pak, Shaoyu Wang, Peter S. Micalos, Thomas Jeffries, Soo Liang Ooi, Terry Golombick, Garth Harris, Emad El-Omar
Summary: Prebiotics are functional foods that target beneficial gut microbial species to improve host health. Arabinoxylan, a non-digestible fiber commonly found in cereal grains like wheat and rice, has profound effects on gut microorganisms. Despite structural differences, common bacterial targets of prebiotics include Bifidobacterium spp. and Lactobacillus spp., which are beneficial for human health.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
David Gunn, Zainab Abbas, Hannah C. Harris, Giles Major, Caroline Hoad, Penny Gowland, Luca Marciani, Samantha K. Gill, Fred J. Warren, Megan Rossi, Jose Maria Remes-Troche, Kevin Whelan, Robin C. Spiller
Summary: In this study, it was found that inulin increases colonic gas production, but coadministering psyllium can reduce this increase. Psyllium delayed and reduced the maximum increase of breath hydrogen caused by inulin, indicating its potential to improve the tolerability of prebiotics in patients with IBS.
Article
Microbiology
Yuan Feng, Thi Phuong Nam Bui, Alfons J. M. Stams, Sjef Boeren, Irene Sanchez-Andrea, Willem M. de Vos
Summary: This study demonstrates that Eubacterium maltosivorans is highly versatile in converting low-energy fermentation end-products in the human gut into butyrate and propionate while preventing the formation of trimethylamine by converting betaine and other quaternary amines in bacterial microcompartments. The strain produces different proteins under different growth conditions, indicating its adaptability and diversity.
ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sudarshan A. Shetty, Ben Kuipers, Siavash Atashgahi, Steven Aalvink, Hauke Smidt, Willem M. de Vos
Summary: Knowledge of functional roles and interspecies interactions in the human intestinal microbiome is crucial. This study provides insights into the complex metabolic interactions between core intestinal bacterial species and the production of key short chain fatty acids.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anne Abot, Amandine Brochot, Nicolas Pomie, Eve Wemelle, Celine Druart, Marion Regnier, Nathalie M. Delzenne, Willem M. de Vos, Claude Knauf, Patrice D. Cani
Summary: In this study, the effects of Camu-Camu extract on obesity and associated disorders were evaluated. It was found that low doses of Camu-Camu extract improved glucose and lipid homeostasis and increased the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila. High doses of Camu-Camu extract prevented excessive body weight gain, fat mass gain, and hepatic steatosis. These findings suggest that plant extracts, particularly Camu-Camu extract, may be beneficial in weight management and glucose homeostasis.
Article
Microbiology
Rebecka Ventin-Holmberg, Schahzad Saqib, Katri Korpela, Anne Nikkonen, Ville Peltola, Anne Salonen, Willem M. de Vos, Kaija-Leena Kolho
Summary: Antibiotic treatment affects the gut mycobiota in infants, leading to increased relative abundance, diversity, and richness of fungi. This may have implications for the long-term consequences of antibiotic treatments.
Correction
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Patrice D. Cani, Clara Depommier, Muriel Derrien, Amandine Everard, Willem M. de Vos
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Sabrina J. P. Huwart, Alice de Wouters d'Oplinter, Marialetizia Rastelli, Matthias Van Hul, Willem M. de Vos, Serge Luquet, Patrice D. Cani, Amandine Everard
Summary: Reward system dysregulations during obesity are associated with inflammation and alterations in the blood-brain barrier. The gut microbiota Akkermansia muciniphila may improve reward behavior dysregulations in obesity by decreasing activation of inflammatory pathways and lipid-sensing ability in the striatum.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jonna Jalanka, David Gunn, Gulzar Singh, Shanthi Krishnasamy, Melanie Lingaya, Fiona Crispie, Laura Finnegan, Paul Cotter, Louise James, Adam Nowak, Giles Major, Robin C. Spiller
Summary: This study investigated the changes in intestinal microbiota following gastroenteritis caused by a single bacterium. The results showed that patients with persistent bowel dysfunction had lower diversity and altered composition of the microbiota compared to those who recovered. The initial infection had a greater impact on the microbiota of patients with persistent bowel dysfunction. High fiber diets may help alleviate some of the disturbances associated with persistent bowel dysfunction.
Correction
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sudarshan A. Shetty, Ben Kuipers, Siavash Atashgahi, Steven Aalvink, Hauke Smidt, Willem M. de Vos
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Carolina Rodriguez-Daza, Willem M. de Vos
Summary: Akkermansia muciniphila is a gut symbiont that is reduced in abundance in subjects with gut inflammation and metabolic disturbances. Dietary polyphenols can stimulate the relative abundance of A. muciniphila, contributing to the attenuation of several diseases. However, the mechanisms behind this stimulation are not well understood.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Perttu Lahtinen, Jonna Jalanka, Eero Mattila, Jyrki Tillonen, Paula Bergman, Reetta Satokari, Perttu Arkkila
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) in maintaining remission in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The results showed that there was no difference in the number of relapses between the FMT group and the placebo group during the 12-month follow-up. Therefore, the use of a single-dose FMT for maintaining remission in UC is not supported by these results.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Paolo Lionetti, Eytan Wine, Rinat Ran Ressler, Gerard J. Minor, Giles Major, Boutaina Zemrani, Frederic Gottrand, Claudio Romano
Summary: Children who require enteral nutrition often experience gastrointestinal symptoms. Fiber-containing enteral formulas can improve bowel function, promote healthy gut microbiota growth, and improve immune homeostasis. However, there is a lack of guidance in clinical practice.
EXPERT REVIEW OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Martin Taubel, Jonna Jalanka, Pirkka V. Kirjavainen, Pauli Tuoresmaki, Anne Hyvarinen, Chrysanthi Skevaki, Eija Piippo-Savolainen, Juha Pekkanen, Anne M. Karvonen
Summary: The composition of house dust mycobiota is associated with the development of childhood asthma, but not with fungal diversity or load. Certain fungal genera showed protective associations with asthma, but these associations were not significant after adjusting for other microbial markers and bacterial indices.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pilar Garcia-Vello, Hanne L. P. Tytgat, Joe Gray, Janneke Elzinga, Flaviana Di Lorenzo, Jacob Biboy, Daniela Vollmer, Cristina De Castro, Waldemar Vollmer, Willem M. de Vos, Antonio Molinaro
Summary: This study investigates the peptidoglycan (PG) composition and immune signaling capacity of Akkermansia muciniphila. The researchers found unique structural features of the PG, including non-acetylated glucosamine residues and O-acetylated N-acetylmuramic acid subunits. Immunological assays showed that muropeptides released from A. muciniphila PG can activate intracellular NOD1 and NOD2 receptors. These findings challenge the current hypothesis regarding the NOD-1 evasion mechanism.
Article
Respiratory System
Ryan Marsh, Helen Gavillet, Liam Hanson, Christabella Ng, Mandisa Mitchell-Whyte, Giles Major, Alan R. Smyth, Damian Rivett, Christopher van der Gast
Summary: The gut microbiota of patients with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) is associated with health status, gastrointestinal physiology, and MRI metrics. Reduced microbiota diversity and significant differences in composition were observed, mainly influenced by CF disease.
JOURNAL OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS
(2022)