Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bruno F. Cruz, Goncalo Guiomar, Sofia Soares, Asma Motiwala, Christian K. Machens, Joseph J. Paton
Summary: The direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia play opposite roles in action suppression. Co-activation of neurons in the movement center and dorsolateral striatum is observed during action suppression. Optogenetic inhibition experiments demonstrate that the dorsolateral striatum is primarily involved in suppressing actions, while other striatal circuits promote contralateral actions. These findings highlight the importance of opponent interactions between region-specific basal ganglia processes in behavioral control, and emphasize the critical role of the sensorimotor indirect pathway in the proactive suppression of tempting actions.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jian Song, Hui Lin, Shenquan Liu
Summary: This study constructed a spiking neural network based on basal ganglia anatomical data to investigate the decision-making mechanism of action selection. The results showed that inhibition and excitation play a role in action selection and explained the firing rate of GPi/SNr in the action-selection experiment.
NETWORK-COMPUTATION IN NEURAL SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Neil M. Dundon, Jaron T. Colas, Neil Garrett, Viktoriya Babenko, Elizabeth Rizor, Dengxian Yang, Mairtin MacNamara, Linda Petzold, Scott T. Grafton
Summary: Heuristics can enhance human decision making by reducing computational requirements and being robust to overparameterisation. However, their efficiency in nontrivial actions has not been fully explored. In this study, a novel task was designed to jointly optimize action selection and spatio-temporal skillful execution. The results showed that participants using the heuristic strategy had advantages in both decision making and action execution, supporting the concept of "less-is-more".
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Moritz Weglage, Emil Warnberg, Iakovos Lazaridis, Daniela Calvigioni, Ourania Tzortzi, Konstantinos Meletis
Summary: The study found that the three major output pathways in the dorsomedial striatum share a similarly complete representation of the entire action space, including task- and phase-specific signals of action value and choice.
Article
Neurosciences
Tom Gilbertson, Douglas Steele
Summary: Optimal decision-making in uncertain circumstances requires flexible behavior, with switches between exploratory and exploitative decisions mediated by the interaction between tonic dopamine and cortical input to the basal ganglia. The model shows that fluctuating levels of tonic dopamine under conditions of uncertainty can lead to either exploration of multiple alternatives or exploitation of high-value choices.
Article
Neurosciences
Benoit Girard, Jean Lienard, Carlos Enrique Gutierrez, Bruno Delord, Kenji Doya
Summary: The study established a spiking computational model of the monkey basal ganglia, showing the transfer from a population to an individual neuron model and the execution of action selection, validating the crucial role of different circuit structures in selection, and investigating the input modulation mechanisms affecting action selection.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Ann M. Graybiel, Ayano Matsushima
Summary: Striosomes are specialized compartments in the striatum that interact with a larger matrix called matrisomes. They have important roles in regulating dopamine-containing neurons, receiving corticostriatal afferents, and being influenced by neuromodulatory activities. Striosomes also play a key role in reinforcement learning, stereotypical behaviors, and valence conflicts and discriminations. We propose that striosomes serve as distributed scaffolds for striatal computations and affect subjective states, with potential implications for neuropsychiatric conditions.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Eun Ju Shin, Yunsil Jang, Soyoun Kim, Hoseok Kim, Xinying Cai, Hyunjung Lee, Jung Hoon Sul, Sung-Hyun Lee, Yeonseung Chung, Daeyeol Lee, Min Whan Jung
Summary: Studies in rats, monkeys, and humans have found action-value signals encoded in various brain regions, which bias choices towards higher expected rewards. Statistical tests on neural activity in the striatum, frontal cortex, and hippocampus show that previously identified action-value signals cannot be solely explained by serial correlations or activity related to other decision variables. Additionally, it was found that neural activity related to action value is intertwined with signals related to other decision variables.
Article
Neurosciences
Julien Catanese, Dieter Jaeger
Summary: The study demonstrates the importance of thalamic ramping activity in controlling impulsive actions, with inhibitory nigral inputs able to modulate this activity and affect the level of motor impulsivity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Avery F. McGuirt, Michael R. Post, Irena Pigulevskiy, David Sulzer, Ori J. Lieberman
Summary: This study found that the spontaneous activity, currents contribution, and I-NaP of ChI increase significantly during postnatal development in mice. Additionally, the interaction between ChI activity and DA release exists during the juvenile period.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Youna Vandaele, Patricia H. Janak
Summary: This study found that lever cues and performance variables do not account for habitual behavior in male rats. Behavior in a task without sequence-delineating cues is goal-directed, while behavior in a task with such cues is habitual. Neural recordings show differential engagement of striatal subregions during instrumental responding, suggesting cue-elicited behavioral chunking.
Article
Neurosciences
Sebastian Hormigo, Bharanidharan Shanmugasundaram, Ji Zhou, Manuel A. Castro-Alamancos
Summary: Neurons expressing CaMKII in the midbrain locomotor region play a critical role in signaled active avoidance behavior, with their activity strongly correlated to the speed and urgency of the behavior. Using optogenetics and calcium imaging, it was shown that these neurons must discharge during the signaled avoidance interval for effective learning of the behavior in naïve mice. The midbrain tegmentum processes conditioned cues and discharges sharply relative to the speed or urgency of the avoidance and escape responses.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Dennis London, Arash Fazl, Kalman Katlowitz, Marisol Soula, Michael H. Pourfar, Alon Y. Mogilner, Roozbeh Kiani
Summary: The study found that activity in the subthalamic nucleus decreased during action switches, contrary to current theories. Additionally, beta oscillations associated with movement inhibition did not show increased power or spiking entrainment during switches. The research also revealed the presence of two distinct population neural codes in the subthalamic nucleus.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Darcy A. Diesburg, Jan R. Wessel
Summary: This study introduces a two-stage model of action-stopping based on animal research to address controversies surrounding human action-stopping. The model suggests that attentional orienting and motor inhibition after stop-signals are inseparable, and inhibitory signatures after stop-signals can be divided into two sequential stages based on latency.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Lise Guilhemsang, Amaia Gutierrez-Ceballos, Mario Antonazzo, Nicolas P. Mallet, Luisa Ugedo, Teresa Morera-Herreras
Summary: This study investigated the modulatory effects of 5-HT2A receptor stimulation on the basal ganglia circuitry, specifically targeting the mPF information processing through trans-striatal pathways. The results showed that the 5-HT2A agonist TCB-2 increased the firing rate and inhibitory response of medial SNr neurons, while the 5-HT2A receptor antagonist MDL11939 blocked these effects. Overall, these findings suggest a preferential modulatory action of 5-HT2A receptors on the dynamic regulation of basal ganglia circuitry.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Violeta G. Lopez-Huerta, Yoko Nakano, Johannes Bausenwein, Omar Jaidar, Michael Lazarus, Yoan Cherassse, Marianela Garcia-Munoz, Gordon Arbuthnott
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2016)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Hermina Nedelescu, Tara G. Chowdhury, Gauri S. Wable, Gordon Arbuthnott, Chiye Aoki
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2017)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qian Li, Ho Ko, Zhong-Ming Qian, Leo Y. C. Yan, Danny C. W. Chan, Gordon Arbuthnott, Ya Ke, Wing-Ho Yung
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2017)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gordon W. Arbuthnott, Marianela Garcia-Munoz
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2017)
Article
Neurosciences
Nilupaer Abudukeyoumu, Teresa Hernandez-Flores, Marianela Garcia-Munoz, Gordon W. Arbuthnott
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Simon Peter Mekhail, Nilupaer Abudukeyoumu, Jonathan Ward, Gordon Arbuthnott, Sile Nic Chormaic
BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Omar Jaidar, Luis Carrillo-Reid, Yoko Nakano, Violeta Gisselle Lopez-Huerta, Arturo Hernandez-Cruz, Jose Bargas, Marianela Garcia-Munoz, Gordon William Arbuthnott
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Bianca Sieveritz, Gordon W. Arbuthnott
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Violeta G. Lopez-Huerta, Jai A. Denton, Yoko Nakano, Omar Jaidar, Marianela Garcia-Munoz, Gordon W. Arbuthnott
Summary: The research shows that D1 and D2 neurons have different roles in controlling motor behavior, with D1 neurons having a greater impact on overall kinematics results and D2 neurons being more involved in controlling target accuracy. Practice of movements changes synaptic patterns between neurons.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Gordon W. Arbuthnott
Summary: As part of a large effort to understand motor systems in the brain related to Parkinson's disease, the focus is on potentially halting or preventing cell death with the power of modern genetics. Although the disease symptoms can be slightly modified currently, dopamine neurons still die and the progression continues. Accessible human neuron assemblies in organoids may provide a better understanding of neuronal demise.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Bianca Sieveritz, Ramanujan T. Raghavan
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Hong-Yan Geng, Gordon Arbuthnott, Wing-Ho Yung, Ya Ke
Summary: This study mapped all long-range monosynaptic inputs to M1 deep output neurons in layer 5 (L5) and revealed that most upstream areas innervate both dendritic compartments concurrently. The dichotomous inputs arise mostly from spatially segregated neuronal subpopulations within an upstream nucleus, indicating a previously unknown and highly intricate synaptic input pattern of M1L5 neurons.