Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shusheng Yi, Man-Tai Chen, Ben Young
Summary: This paper investigates the structural behavior of concrete-filled cold-formed steel stub columns with semi-oval cross sections through experimental and numerical studies. The study validates the existing design provisions for concrete-filled steel tubular columns and proposes a design method considering strength enhancement and confinement effect for semi-oval sections. The results show that the European Code provides the most accurate predictions for compressive strength.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Man-Tai Chen, Ben Young
Summary: This study focuses on the design of cold-formed steel semi-oval hollow non-slender sections under combined compression and major axis bending in positive direction. A non-linear finite element model was developed and validated against experimental results. Existing design rules were modified to provide more accurate design strength predictions, with the recommendation to adopt the modified ANSI/AISC360 design method for improved accuracy.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Man-Tai Chen, Wenkang Zuo, Ben Young
Summary: This paper presents a test campaign on the structural behavior of cold-formed steel T-joints with semi-oval hollow section (SOHS) chord. Different sizes of SOHS and rectangular or square hollow sections were used to fabricate T-joint specimens. The failure strengths, load-deformation histories, and failure characteristics of these T-joints are analyzed and discussed. The results show that the current design provisions for RHS T-joints are conservative for T-joints with a cold-formed steel SOHS chord.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Man-Tai Chen, Madhup Pandey, Ben Young
Summary: This paper investigates the mechanical properties of CFSSOHS members after fire exposure, proposes empirical equations to predict residual mechanical properties, and compares the microstructures of fire-exposed and non-exposed CFSSOHS members using a scanning electron microscope.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jun-zhi Liu, Han Fang, Tak-Ming Chan
Summary: This paper presents comprehensive experimental and numerical investigations into the structural behaviour of cold-formed high-strength steel (HSS) irregular octagonal hollow sections (IOctHS). The study includes mechanical testing, finite element modelling, and parametric studies. The results highlight the limitations of current design codes and propose modified design approaches. Additionally, the accuracy of different design methods is compared and discussed.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ye Yao, Wai-Meng Quach, Ben Young
Summary: This paper proposes a stress-strain model for the stub column behavior of cold-formed steel non-slender elliptical hollow sections. The model considers the effects of post-local buckling behavior, local imperfection, material nonlinearity, and residual stresses. The model is defined by four key parameters and equations are proposed to express these parameters in terms of basic input cross-section parameters and material properties. The model was validated by comparing its predictions with existing test and numerical results, showing good accuracy and validity.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Meng Xiao, Yi-Fei Hu, Kwok-Fai Chung, David A. Nethercot
Summary: Based on numerical investigations, this study successfully evaluates the highly non-linear welding-induced residual stresses within high strength S690 welded H-sections and calibrates the surface residual stresses against measured data. The proposed integrated numerical simulation approach is applied to analyze the mechanical, heat transfer, thermomechanical, and stress behaviors of cold-formed square hollow sections. Structural analyses are conducted on both stocky and slender columns, and their adequacy is demonstrated through calibration against measured data and load-deformation curves. The proposed approach provides a scientific mechanism to determine residual stresses and quantify the effects of initial materials and geometric imperfections on the structural performance.
JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIONAL STEEL RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Man-Tai Chen, Tianyi Zhang, Ben Young
Summary: This paper presents a test campaign on the behavior of concrete-filled cold-formed steel built-up section stub columns. The test program consisted of five types of cold-formed steel built-up sections infilled with concrete of different grades. The results of the tests compared with the design predictions by the current American Specification ACI318, showing the need for necessary improvements to yield accurate compressive strength predictions for concrete-filled cold-formed steel built-up section stub columns.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Haixin Liu, Hao Jiang, Yi-Fei Hu, Tak-Ming Chan, Kwok-Fai Chung
Summary: Inspired by modular integrated construction, this paper presents a comprehensive investigation into press-braked rectangular hollow sections (RHSs). Material tests, residual stress measurements, stub column tests, and numerical studies were conducted to study various characteristics of press-braked RHSs. The study found that the strength enhancement of corner materials due to cold-working can be accurately captured by a predictive model, and a simplified residual stress pattern is proposed. Modified design approaches were also proposed to achieve more accurate and safe prediction of compressive resistance for press-braked RHSs.
JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIONAL STEEL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ye Yao, Zhengyi Kong, Wai-Meng Quach, Ben Young
Summary: The paper presents a numerical study on the cross-section behavior of cold-formed steel elliptical hollow sections under combined compression and biaxial bending. A finite element model for CF steel tubular stub columns was developed and validated against test results of various tubular sections. The validated FE model was used to carry out a parametric study for CF steel EHS and evaluate the current design equations for hot-finished normal grade steel EHS. New slenderness limits and design equations for CF steel EHS under combined compression and biaxial bending are proposed.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Man-Tai Chen, Yangyu Chen, Ben Young
Summary: This paper describes a test campaign on cold-formed steel elliptical hollow section T-joints with different sizes and member orientations. The load-carrying capacities, load-deformation responses, and failure modes of the T-joints are presented and discussed. The comparison results show that the current design provisions for tubular T-joints are conservative and scattered for cold-formed steel elliptical hollow section T-joints.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kamran Tayyebi, Min Sun
Summary: The current steel design standards do not differentiate between square and rectangular hollow sections (SHS and RHS) members cold-formed by different approaches, which can lead to underestimation of member strength. Research shows that direct-formed SHS/RHS members exhibit better stub column behavior than indirect-formed ones. Post-cold-forming galvanizing can effectively improve the residual stress and stub column behavior of direct-formed SHS/RHS. Further studies suggest modifications to the existing design rules for SHS/RHS stub columns to account for the differences in behavior between direct-formed and indirect-formed sections.
JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIONAL STEEL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ji-Hua Zhu, Mei-Ni Su, Xiaoming Zhu, James Daniels, Ben Young
Summary: This paper presents a detailed investigation into the flexural strength and behavior of cold-formed steel oval hollow section beams. Experimental and numerical data were used to evaluate the applicability of different design standards, with results indicating that the direct strength method and the continuous strength method provide more accurate predictions.
JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIONAL STEEL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jun-zhi Liu, Tak-Ming Chan, Ben Young
Summary: This paper investigates the behavior of cold-formed high strength steel (HSS) irregular hexagonal hollow section (IHexHS) stub columns under combined compression and bending. Finite element models are developed and validated, and parametric studies are conducted to generate numerical data and assess the accuracy and applicability of design codes. The results demonstrate that the existing design codes can be safely applied, but provide conservative predictions due to neglecting strain hardening and plate element interaction.
ADVANCES IN STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jun-zhi Liu, Han Fang, Tak-Ming Chan
Summary: This paper presents an experimental investigation on the material properties variation and residual stress distribution within the cold-formed high strength steel irregular hexagonal hollow sections. Predictive models for the material properties and residual stress distribution were proposed based on the measurement results.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Man-Tai Chen, Ben Young, Andre Dias Martins, Dinar Camotim, Pedro Borges Dinis
Summary: This study conducted at The University of Hong Kong presents experimental investigation on the behavior of cold-formed steel lipped channel beams affected by the local-distortional (L-D) interaction under non-uniform bending. The results show that all tested specimens exhibited the sought L-D interactive nature.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Fenghua Huang, Bin Cheng, Yinghao Duan, Man-Tai Chen, Jiajie Tian
Summary: This study investigated the stress concentration factors and fatigue behavior of bird-beak square hollow section overlap K-joints under brace in-plane force. The results showed that cracks always initiated at locations with the greatest SCFs, and the predictions were relatively conservative compared to experimental fatigue lives.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Andre Dias Martins, Dinar Camotim, Pedro Borges Dinis, Man-Tai Chen, Ben Young
Summary: This paper reports on an experimental investigation into the behavior and strength of cold-formed high-strength steel lipped channel beams under local-distortional interaction. The results provide insights into the mechanical performance and failure modes of these beams. Additionally, the paper includes some remarks on the design methodology for these beams using the Direct Strength Method.
STEEL CONSTRUCTION-DESIGN AND RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Sivaganesh Selvaraj, Tak-Ming Chan, Ben Young
Summary: This paper investigates the ultimate strength, stiffness, and failure modes of pultruded fibre-reinforced polymer (PFRP) single bolted connections subjected to tension. An experimental programme of 72 PFRP connections was conducted, revealing 10 different failure modes and proposing a new geometric ratio for connection characterization. The study evaluates the current design standards for minimum geometry limitations.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Shusheng Yi, Man-Tai Chen, Ben Young
Summary: This paper investigates the behavior of concrete-filled cold-formed steel elliptical stub columns through experimental and numerical analysis. A new design method is proposed, which accurately and reliably predicts the compressive resistance of these columns.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xuan Li, Rui Wang, Hui Zhao, Dennis Lam, Man-Tai Chen
Summary: This study carried out four repeated push-out experiments on 18 RE-RACFST columns to investigate the interface bond performance. The results showed that the bond strength was negatively correlated with the cross-sectional dimension, and RAC presented greater bonding behaviour than normal concrete. Simplified equations for estimating the ultimate bond stress (tau u) and the bond stress versus slip model between round-ended steel tube and RAC were proposed.
JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTIONAL STEEL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Andre Dias Martins, Dinar Camotim, Pedro Borges Dinis, Man-Tai Chen, Ben Young
Summary: This paper discusses a design approach to handle local-distortional interactive failures in cold-formed steel columns, based on the Direct Strength Method. The approach is developed, calibrated, and validated using experimental failure load data and numerical failure loads, and its reliability is assessed and compared with existing methodologies. The findings suggest that this design approach is ready for codification in the near future.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Man-Tai Chen, Yangyu Chen, Ben Young
Summary: This paper describes a test campaign on cold-formed steel elliptical hollow section T-joints with different sizes and member orientations. The load-carrying capacities, load-deformation responses, and failure modes of the T-joints are presented and discussed. The comparison results show that the current design provisions for tubular T-joints are conservative and scattered for cold-formed steel elliptical hollow section T-joints.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shusheng Yi, Man-Tai Chen, Ben Young
Summary: This paper investigates the structural behavior of concrete-filled cold-formed steel stub columns with semi-oval cross sections through experimental and numerical studies. The study validates the existing design provisions for concrete-filled steel tubular columns and proposes a design method considering strength enhancement and confinement effect for semi-oval sections. The results show that the European Code provides the most accurate predictions for compressive strength.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Man-Tai Chen, Tianyi Zhang, Ben Young
Summary: This paper presents a test campaign on the behavior of concrete-filled cold-formed steel built-up section stub columns. The test program consisted of five types of cold-formed steel built-up sections infilled with concrete of different grades. The results of the tests compared with the design predictions by the current American Specification ACI318, showing the need for necessary improvements to yield accurate compressive strength predictions for concrete-filled cold-formed steel built-up section stub columns.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Qiu-Yun Li, Ben Young
Summary: The compression performance of cold-formed steel battened columns was investigated through experimental and numerical methods. Built-up sections composed of stiffened chord components and batten plates were assembled using self-tapping screws. Experimental tests were conducted on 20 simply supported columns, and the results were used to calibrate a finite element model. Parametric studies were also carried out to explore the effects of member slenderness and batten spacing on the compressive strength. The findings suggest that current design rules for cold-formed steel battened compression members need modification to ensure accurate strength predictions.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Man-Tai Chen, Wenkang Zuo, Ben Young
Summary: This paper presents a test campaign on the structural behavior of cold-formed steel T-joints with semi-oval hollow section (SOHS) chord. Different sizes of SOHS and rectangular or square hollow sections were used to fabricate T-joint specimens. The failure strengths, load-deformation histories, and failure characteristics of these T-joints are analyzed and discussed. The results show that the current design provisions for RHS T-joints are conservative for T-joints with a cold-formed steel SOHS chord.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Wenkang Zuo, Man-Tai Chen, Yangyu Chen, Ou Zhao, Bin Cheng, Jincheng Zhao
Summary: This research proposes a novel integrated computer-aided structural design and construction method called additive manufacturing (AM) oriented joint topology optimization (TO) for spatial structures. A complete computer-aided workflow for the TO design, numerical analysis, and AM of steel joints in gridshell structures is established based on the Grasshopper platform. The optimized joints are additively manufactured using selective laser melting, demonstrating the feasibility and validity of the proposed workflow.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Tianyi Zhang, Man-Tai Chen, Ao Cai, Huan Cao, Xiang Yun, Hui Zhao, Chen Shen, Yuelong Zhang
Summary: The present study investigated the tensile behavior of high strength steel butt joints exposed to arctic low temperatures. The influence of low temperature exposure, parent steel grade, and weld material selection on the tensile behavior of the butt joints was discussed. Recommendations for weld material matching and prediction equations for butt joint strengths exposed to arctic low temperatures were provided. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the behavior of HSS butt joints under arctic low temperatures and can inform the design and fabrication practices of HSS structures in cold environments.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Man-Tai Chen, Yangyu Chen, Ben Young
Summary: This paper presents an experimental investigation on the structural behavior of cold-formed steel elliptical hollow section X-joints. The static strengths, failure modes, and load-deformation responses are discussed. The current codified design provisions do not cover the design of these joints, and although existing design methods provide accurate strength predictions, the scattering of predictions is still a concern and further improvement is needed.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Renbing An, Jiacong Yuan, Yi Pan, Duhang Yi
Summary: Traditional timber structures built on sloped land are more susceptible to seismic damage compared to structures built on flat land. The upper portion of the structure is found to be the weak point on sloped land, with potential issues such as tenon failure and column foot sliding.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Elyas Bayat, Federica Tubino
Summary: The current design guidelines for assessing floor vibration performance do not consider the influence of variability in the walking path on the dynamic response of floors. This study investigates the dynamic response of floors under a single pedestrian walking load, taking into account the randomness of the walking path and load. The effectiveness of the current guidelines in predicting floor response is critically assessed.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Gao Ma, Chunxu Hou, Hyeon-Jong Hwang, Linghui Chen, Zhenhao Zhang
Summary: Minimizing earthquake damage and improving repair efficiency are the main principles of resilient structures. This study proposed a repairable column with UHPC segments and replaceable energy dissipaters. The test results showed that the columns with UHPC segments and replaceable dissipaters exhibited high strength, deformation capacity, and energy dissipation.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Kartheek S. M. Sonti, Pavan Kumar Penumakala, Suresh Kumar Reddy Narala, S. Vincent
Summary: In this study, the compressive behavior of alumina hollow particles reinforced aluminum matrix syntactic foams (AMSF) was investigated using analytical, numerical, and experimental methods. The results showed that the FE solver ABAQUS could accurately predict the elastic and elastio-plastic behavior of AMSFs. The study also suggested that FE models have great potential in developing new materials and composites under compression loading.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Zheqi Peng, Xin Wang, Zhishen Wu
Summary: In this study, the statistical modeling of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) cables using the classic fiber bundle model is explored. The study considers important features of large-scale multi-tendon FRP cables, such as initial random slack and uneven tensile deformation among tendons. A parametric study and reliability analysis are conducted to predict the load-displacement relation and design thousand-meter-scale FRP cables. The study emphasizes the relation between the reliability index beta of the cable and the safety factor gamma of the FRP material.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yanchao Shi, Shaozeng Liu, Ye Hu, Zhong-Xian Li, Yang Ding
Summary: This paper introduces a damage assessment method for reinforced concrete (RC) columns under blast loading, using modal parameter measurement as the evaluation index. The validity of the proposed method is validated through numerical and experimental analysis. The results show that this modal-based damage assessment method is applicable for non-destructive evaluation of blast-induced damage of RC columns.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Xiaolin Zou, Maosheng Gong, Zhanxuan Zuo, Qifang Liu
Summary: This paper proposes an efficient framework for assessing the collapse capacity of structures in earthquake engineering. The framework is based on an accurate equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (ESDOF) system, calibrated by a meta-heuristic optimization method. The proposed framework has been validated through case studies, confirming its accuracy and efficiency.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jie Hu, Weiping Wen, Chenyu Zhang, Changhai Zhai, Shunshun Pei, Zhenghui Wang
Summary: A deep learning-based rapid peak seismic response prediction model is proposed for the most common two-story and three-span subway stations. The model predicts the peak seismic responses of subway stations using a data-driven approach and limited information, achieving good predictive performance and generalization ability, and demonstrating significantly higher computational efficiency compared to numerical simulation methods.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jin Ho Lee, Jeong-Rae Cho
Summary: A simplified model is proposed to estimate the earthquake responses of a rectangular liquid storage tank considering the fluid-structure interactions. The complex three-dimensional structural behavior of the tank is represented by a combination of fundamental modes of a rectangular-ring-shaped frame structure and a cantilever beam. The system's governing equation is derived, and earthquake responses such as deflection, hydrodynamic pressure, base shear, and overturning moment are obtained from the solution.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
W. J. Lewis, J. M. Russell, T. Q. Li
Summary: The work discusses the key features and advantages of optimal 2-pin arches shaped by statistically prevalent load and constant axial stress. It extends the design space of symmetric arches to cover asymmetric forms and provides minimum values of constant stress for form-finding of such arches made of different materials. The analysis shows that constant stress arches exhibit minimal stress response and have potential implications for sustainability and durability of future infrastructure.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Wen-ming Zhang, Han-xu Zou, Jia-qi Chang, Tian-cheng Liu
Summary: Saddle position is crucial in the construction and control of suspension bridges. This study proposes an analytical approach to estimate the saddle positions in the completed bridge state and discusses the calculation under different definitions. The relationship between the saddle position and the tower's centerline is analyzed, along with the eccentric compression of the tower. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified through a real-life suspension bridge.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Shaise K. John, Alessio Cascardi, Yashida Nadir
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the use of TRM material for reinforcing concrete columns. The results showed that increasing the number of textile layers effectively increased the axial strength. Additionally, the choice of fiber type and hybrid textile configuration also had a significant impact on strength improvement. A new design model that considers the effects of both the confining matrix and textile was proposed.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chandrashekhar Lakavath, S. Suriya Prakash
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the shear behavior of post-tensioned UHPFRC girders, considering factors such as prestress level, fiber volume fraction, and types of steel fibers. The results showed that increasing prestress and fiber dosage could enhance the ultimate load-carrying capacity of the girders, reduce crack angle, and increase shear cracking load.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Vahid Goodarzimehr, Siamak Talatahari, Saeed Shojaee, Amir H. Gandomi
Summary: In this paper, an Improved Marine Predators Algorithm (IMPA) is proposed for size and shape optimization of truss structures subject to natural frequency constraints. The results indicate that IMPA performs better in solving these nonlinear structural optimization problems compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Chun-Xu Qu, Jin-Zhao Jiang, Ting-Hua Yi, Hong-Nan Li
Summary: In this paper, a computer vision-based method is proposed to monitor the deformation and displacement of building structures by obtaining 3D coordinates of surface feature points. The method can acquire a large number of 3D coordinates in a noncontact form, improve the flexibility and density of measurement point layout, and is simple and cost-effective to operate.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2024)
