Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mari Honda, Ayaka Tsuboi, Satomi Minato-Inokawa, Mika Takeuchi, Miki Kurata, Bin Wu, Tsutomu Kazumi, Keisuke Fukuo
Summary: Limited expandability of subcutaneous adipose tissue may be a characteristic of first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetes. This study found an association between family history of type 2 diabetes (FHD) and reduced subcutaneous fat mass in young Japanese women, suggesting impaired adipose tissue expandability.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Margarete Milek, Yusef Moulla, Matthias Kern, Christine Stroh, Arne Dietrich, Michael R. Schoen, Daniel Gaertner, Tobias Lohmann, Miriam Dressler, Peter Kovacs, Michael Stumvoll, Matthias Blueher, Esther Guiu-Jurado
Summary: This study found that serum adipsin concentrations are strongly related to obesity and age, but not to parameters of glucose or lipid metabolism in patients with obesity with or without T2D.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tiago Morais, Alexandre L. Seabra, Barbara G. Patricio, Marta Guimaraes, Mario Nora, Pedro F. Oliveira, Marco G. Alves, Mariana P. Monteiro
Summary: The study revealed that there are differences in VAT metabolic fingerprint between obesity and different glycemic statuses, characterized by higher isoleucine consumption, lower acetate production, and lower pyruvate and pyroglutamate consumption in pre-diabetes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Benjamin Schroeder, Sabine Kahl, Michael Roden
Summary: Individuals with obesity or type 2 diabetes have an increased risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, with altered adipose tissue function and hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction playing key roles in the pathogenesis. Genetic testing for high-risk individuals, particularly for the rs738409(G) SNP of the PNPLA3 gene, could improve future screening strategies.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Agne Kulyte, Alisha Aman, Rona J. Strawbridge, Peter Arner, Ingrid A. Dahlman
Summary: Interindividual differences in the generation of new fat cells are associated with body fat and type 2 diabetes risk. This study identified several genetic loci and candidate genes, including SPATS2L, KCTD18, RPL8, HSD17B12, and PEPD, that are potentially important in controlling fat cell numbers, body fat size, and diabetes risk.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kosuke Otani, Hiroshi Funada, Risa Teranishi, Muneyoshi Okada, Hideyuki Yamawaki
Summary: This study investigated changes in cardiovascular dynamics, adipose tissue, and kidney pathology associated with obesity and T2D in ZFDM rats. The results showed that heart rate and plasma adrenaline concentration decrease with the progression of obesity and T2D in ZFDM rats. In addition, inflammation occurs in perirenal white adipose tissue, while degeneration and whitening occur in interscapular brown adipose tissue. Furthermore, renal function is impaired. ZFDM rats will be useful for studying metabolic changes associated with obesity and T2D progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tina Okdahl, Anne-Marie Wegeberg, Flemming Pociot, Birgitte Brock, Joachim Storling, Christina Brock
Summary: The level of low-grade inflammation in type 2 diabetes is associated with obesity, glycaemic regulation, therapeutical management, sex, and complications. Our results underline the importance of addressing inflammatory issues in type 2 diabetes, as these may predispose for crippling comorbidities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gemma Arderiu, Guiomar Mendieta, Alex Gallinat, Carmen Lambert, Alberto Diez-Caballero, Carlos Ballesta, Lina Badimon
Summary: Obesity is linked to metabolic disorders and increased cardiovascular risk. The presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) affects the protein composition in adipose tissue and serum, leading to changes in systemic markers and dysregulation of metabolic pathways in visceral adipose tissue (VAT).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naser Jafari, Manohar Kolla, Tova Meshulam, Jordan S. Shafran, Yuhan Qiu, Allison N. Casey, Isabella R. Pompa, Christina S. Ennis, Carla S. Mazzeo, Nabil Rabhi, Stephen R. Farmer, Gerald Denis
Summary: The study found that vesicles shed by adipocytes from type 2 diabetes patients or insulin-resistant individuals contain protein TSP5 that promotes EMT in breast cancer cells, potentially worsening the prognosis for breast cancer patients. Additionally, the gene expression in these vesicles can affect the prognosis of breast cancer patients.
Article
Immunology
Gema Fruehbeck, Javier Gomez-Ambrosi, Beatriz Ramirez, Amaia Mentxaka, Amaia Rodriguez, Sara Becerril, Gabriel Reina, Victor Valenti, Rafael Moncada, Camilo Silva, Victoria Catalan
Summary: This study found that circulating levels of IL-36 gamma were increased in patients with obesity, and decreased after weight and fat loss. The gene expression levels of IL36G were upregulated in visceral adipose tissue and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with obesity. IL-36 gamma plays a role in regulating chronic inflammation in adipose tissue, and serves as a link between adipose tissue biology and obesity-associated comorbidities.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Cinkajzlova, Milos Mraz, Martin Haluzik
Summary: Immune cells play a crucial role in adipose tissue, regulating its homeostasis and contributing to the development of inflammation in cases of tissue stress. These cells release inflammatory cytokines and pro-inflammatory products that have systemic effects, leading to complications such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of different subsets of immune cells in adipose tissue and their role in these diseases.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Long Cheng, Jingkang Wang, Hongyu Dai, Yuhui Duan, Yongcheng An, Lu Shi, Yinglan Lv, Huimin Li, Chen Wang, Quantao Ma, Yaqi Li, Pengfei Li, Haifeng Du, Baosheng Zhao
Summary: There are two major types of adipose tissue in mammals, white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT), with different functions. White adipocytes can transdifferentiate into beige adipocytes, which play a significant role in the treatment of obesity and diabetes. Activation of BAT and induction of browning of WAT may provide a new strategy for improving glycolipid metabolism and insulin resistance in obese and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emilie De Hert, Kenneth Verboven, Kristiaan Wouters, Johan W. E. Jocken, Ingrid De Meester
Summary: Recent research has found a link between the activity of Prolyl carboxypeptidase (PRCP) and obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Our study discovered the presence of PRCP in human adipose tissue and a correlation between serum PRCP activity and diabetes in obese men.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert Wagner, Martin Heni, Adam G. Tabak, Juergen Machann, Fritz Schick, Elko Randrianarisoa, Martin Hrabe de Angelis, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Norbert Stefan, Andreas Peter, Hans-Ulrich Haering, Andreas Fritsche
Summary: Analysis of high-risk individuals revealed six distinct subphenotypes of type 2 diabetes, among which three had elevated glycemia levels, with clusters 3 and 5 having imminent diabetes risks.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jose A. J. Luchsinger, Erin L. Kazemi, Danurys E. Sanchez, Mary Larkin, Willy Marcos Valencia, Cyrus L. Desouza, Anders Carlson, Rodica R. Pop-Busui, Elizabeth J. Seaquist, Hermes Florez, Joshua Barzilay, GRADE Res Grp
Summary: This study investigated the association between BMI, insulin sensitivity, and cognitive performance in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Higher BMI and lower insulin sensitivity were found to be related to better performance on memory and verbal fluency tests. However, when both BMI and insulin sensitivity were considered simultaneously, only higher BMI was related to cognitive performance. The causality and mechanisms for this association need to be further explored in future studies.