Article
Fisheries
Miki Takimoto, Ritsu Nagata, Kouhei Teraoka, Ryouta Hoshi, Masanobu Mizuguchi, Riku Kuma, Shigeyuki Tsutsui, Osamu Nakamura
Summary: The study investigated resident leukocyte populations in the visceral adipose tissue of red sea bream. It found that the tissue contains a significant number of leukocytes and is capable of evoking an inflammatory response against introduced bacteria. Gene expression analysis confirmed the immune competence of the VAT.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Matthew Jaconelli, Paul L. Greenhaff, Philip J. Atherton, Dileep N. Lobo, Matthew S. Brook
Summary: Elective abdominal surgery suppresses skeletal muscle protein synthesis but does not affect overall protein synthesis. The surgery leads to significant increases in urinary end-products (urea/ammonia).
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Silu Cao, Jinxuan Tang, Miaomiao Fei, Qi Jing, Fanbing Meng, Meixian Zhang, Qidong Liu, Hui Zhang, Cheng Li
Summary: This study identified hub genes associated with immune and metabolic alterations in patients with postoperative systemic inflammatory dysregulation (PSID) and hub genes that link these alterations. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying immune and metabolic interactions and new targets for clinical treatment can be proposed on this basis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Xiang-feng Wang, Qin Lin, Guan-hui Wang, Gen-ming Zhan, Wei Liu, Zhi-wei Lin
Summary: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common problem for older patients after anesthesia and surgery. This study established an animal model for POCD and found that acupuncture stimulation can improve postoperative cognitive function by reducing inflammation response and neuron impairment in the hippocampus.
MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Matthew J. Batty, Gwladys Chabrier, Alanah Sheridan, Matthew C. Gage
Summary: Macrophages are crucial in immune response and have implications in metabolic diseases and cancer. Obesity disrupts hormone levels, including those involved in metabolism, which in turn affect the inflammatory responses of macrophages. This review highlights the impact of metabolic hormones on macrophage function and the potential influence on cancer development.
Article
Surgery
Miroslav Sirovy, Marketa Krupova, Radomir Hyspler, Alena Ticha, Martina Kolackova, Ctirad Andrys, Vera Radochova, David Astapenko, Sarka Odlozilova, Jiri Kotek, Jan Zajak, Jiri Paral
Summary: Intraperitoneally administered lipid emulsions have a protective effect on the formation of adhesions after abdominal surgery. The lubricating effect of phospholipids, the mechanical barrier of the lipid component, and the anti-inflammatory effect of fish oil contribute to this effect. The administration of lipid emulsions significantly reduces the incidence of intra-abdominal adhesions, reduces inflammation and collagen content in the adhesions, and decreases neovascularization.
ASIAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Ana Cristina Marquez-Sanchez, Ekaterina K. Koltsova
Summary: This article summarizes the role of immune cells in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and discusses the regulation of pathogenic immune cell activation in this disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Phillip Ssekamatte, Marjorie Nakibuule, Rose Nabatanzi, Moses Egesa, Carol Musubika, Mudarshiru Bbuye, Matthew R. Hepworth, Derek G. Doherty, Stephen Cose, Irene Andia Biraro
Summary: The study showed that patients with LTBI and T2DM, as well as T2DM patients, had slight alterations in ILC immune responses, and poor T2DM control also slightly changed these immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kenji Kuroda, Takahiro Toyokawa, Yuichiro Miki, Mami Yoshii, Tatsuro Tamura, Hiroaki Tanaka, Shigeru Lee, Kazuya Muguruma, Masakazu Yashiro, Masaichi Ohira
Summary: This study investigated the correlation between systemic inflammatory response and long-term outcomes in gastric cancer patients and identified potential markers in stage II/III patients. The study found that maximum serum C-reactive protein (CRPmax) was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival and relapse-free survival, while maximum white blood cell count (WBCmax) and infectious complications were not. These findings suggest that CRPmax could be a promising prognostic indicator for stage II/III gastric cancer patients undergoing curative resection.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Junjie Wang, Qiulin Zhuang, Shanjun Tan, Jiahao Xu, Yanni Zhang, Mingyue Yan, Shuhao Li, Zhige Zhang, Guohao Wu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the nutritional and functional status of geriatric patients and their association with postoperative complications. The results showed that geriatric patients are at a greater risk for malnutrition and malnutrition is associated with postoperative complications. Therefore, nutrition evaluation and timely interventions are crucial in the preoperative workup for geriatric patients.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tenghui Zhang, Yi Xu, Yao Yao, Lingling Jin, Haoxin Liu, Yan Zhou, Lili Gu, Qing Ji, Weiming Zhu, Jianfeng Gong
Summary: The study investigated the effectiveness of perioperative dexamethasone in reducing postoperative ileus in patients undergoing elective surgery for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The results showed that a single, intravenous 8-mg dose of dexamethasone significantly reduced the incidence of prolonged postoperative ileus, decreased postoperative pain intensity, and shortened postoperative length of stay for IBD patients.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ghaith Mohsen, Annika Stroemer, Andreas Mayr, Andrea Kunsorg, Christian Stoppe, Maria Wittmann, Markus Velten
Summary: Initial evidence suggests that preoperative administration of omega-3 fatty acids can reduce postoperative inflammatory reaction. However, the effects of immunonutrition with omega-3 fatty acids on inflammatory response in abdominal surgery patients are still unclear. This study found no significant difference in inflammatory markers or postoperative length of hospital stay between the preoperative omega-3 fatty acids group and the control group.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
An-Qi Chen, Shi-Min He, Shi-Jie Lv, Cheng-Zeng Qiu, Ren Zhou, Ling Zhang, Shang-Rong Zhang, Zijun Zhang, Da-Long Ren
Summary: This study identifies args as novel downstream proteins of mAChRs in inflammatory responses, providing additional evidence for system immune regulation of cholinergic receptors.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Katherine M. Roberts-Thomson, Lewan Parker, Andrew C. Betik, Glenn D. Wadley, Paul A. Della Gatta, Thomas H. Marwick, Michelle A. Keske
Summary: Insulin infusion increases skeletal muscle microvascular blood flow in healthy individuals, but this effect is impaired during insulin resistance. The route of glucose administration (oral versus intravenous) influences muscle microvascular blood flow, with oral glucose loading impairing blood flow while intravenous glucose infusion stimulates blood flow. Gut-derived hormones, such as gastric inhibitory polypeptide and glucagon-like peptide-1, may play a role in modulating skeletal muscle blood flow in response to glucose administration.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Janusz P. Sikora, Jakub Karawani, Jaroslaw Sobczak
Summary: This study aims to determine the role of neutrophils in individual phenomena occurring during an inflammatory and anti-inflammatory reaction, considering their cidal, immunoregulatory, and reparative abilities. The study also highlights the pro- and anticoagulatory properties of endothelium in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and their clinical implications. Additionally, it presents clinically useful biomarkers related to neutrophils and emphasizes their role in the diagnosis and forecasting of sepsis, burn disease, and COVID-19.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carla M. Prado, Katherine L. Ford, M. Cristina Gonzalez, Lisa C. Murnane, Chelsia Gillis, Paul E. Wischmeyer, Chet A. Morrison, Dileep N. Lobo
Summary: Preoperative nutrition assessment and intervention are crucial for improving postoperative outcomes. The Global Leadership Initiative for Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria are increasingly used in surgical settings to diagnose malnutrition, and novel approaches to assessing muscle mass can identify at-risk patients. Screening and assessing frailty can determine the cost/benefit of surgery and the value of interventions. Evaluation of nutrition risk and status is essential for predicting and mitigating surgical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Celine Bretscher, Michelle Buergin, Gianna Gurzeler, Nina Kagi-Braun, Carla Gressies, Pascal Tribolet, Dileep N. Lobo, David C. Evans, Zeno Stanga, Beat Mueller, Philipp Schuetz
Summary: In a post hoc analysis of a nutrition trial, low prealbumin levels were found to be associated with higher all-cause 180-day mortality rates. Individualized nutrition support was more effective than usual-care nutrition in improving survival at 30 days in patients with low prealbumin levels. These findings highlight the importance of prealbumin levels as a biomarker for assessing nutrition risk.
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
R. M. Baamer, D. J. Humes, L. S. Toh, R. D. Knaggs, D. N. Lobo
Summary: This retrospective cohort study found that patients with pre-operative opioid exposure had the highest prevalence of persistent postoperative opioid use following colectomy. Predictors of persistent opioid use included previous opioid exposure, high deprivation index, multiple comorbidities, use of long-acting opioids, white race, and open surgery. Minimally invasive surgical approaches were associated with lower odds of persistent opioid use and may be a modifiable risk factor.
Review
Surgery
Carol J. Peden, Geeta Aggarwal, Robert J. Aitken, Iain D. Anderson, Angie Balfour, Nicolai Bang Foss, Zara Cooper, Jugdeep K. Dhesi, W. Brenton French, Michael C. Grant, Folke Hammarqvist, Sarah P. Hare, Joaquim M. Havens, Daniel N. Holena, Martin Huebner, Carolyn Johnston, Jeniffer S. Kim, Nicholas P. Lees, Olle Ljungqvist, Dileep N. Lobo, Shahin Mohseni, Carlos A. Ordonez, Nial Quiney, Catherine Sharoky, Richard D. Urman, Elizabeth Wick, Christopher L. Wu, Tonia Young-Fadok, Michael J. Scott
Summary: This article summarizes the third part of the consensus guidelines for optimal care of patients undergoing emergency laparotomy using an enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) approach. It focuses on the organizational aspects of care and provides recommendations based on the best available evidence. The guidelines highlight important components of care for high-risk patients and discuss less common aspects, including end-of-life issues.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Surgery
Michael J. Scott, Geeta Aggarwal, Robert J. Aitken, Iain D. Anderson, Angie Balfour, Nicolai Bang Foss, Zara Cooper, Jugdeep K. Dhesi, W. Brenton French, Michael C. Grant, Folke Hammarqvist, Sarah P. Hare, Joaquim M. Havens, Daniel N. Holena, Martin Huebner, Carolyn Johnston, Jeniffer S. Kim, Nicholas P. Lees, Olle Ljungqvist, Dileep N. Lobo, Shahin Mohseni, Carlos A. Ordonez, Nial Quiney, Catherine Sharoky, Richard D. Urman, Elizabeth Wick, Christopher L. Wu, Tonia Young-Fadok, Carol J. Peden
Summary: This paper is the second part of the consensus guidelines for optimal care of patients undergoing emergency laparotomy using an Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) approach. It summarizes 23 key components of intraoperative and postoperative care and provides recommendations based on the best available evidence. These guidelines are not comprehensive and further research is needed.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Review
Anesthesiology
G. P. Joshi, E. Albrecht, M. van de Velde, H. Kehlet, D. N. Lobo
Summary: This article presents the updated PROSPECT methodology for developing recommendations for procedure-specific pain management. Future research will focus on improving registration and study design, as well as using appropriate tools to assess the quality of methods and results. The revised methodology also addresses limitations and increases transparency.
Review
Anesthesiology
S. Liu, A. Athar, D. Quach, A. E. Patanwala, J. M. Naylor, J. A. Stevens, N. Levy, R. D. Knaggs, D. N. Lobo, J. Penm
Summary: The use of modified-release opioids for acute postoperative pain is common, but it may increase the risk of adverse effects. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of modified-release compared to immediate-release oral opioids in adults with postoperative pain. The review included randomized clinical trials and observational studies that compared these two types of opioids. The results showed that modified-release opioids were associated with higher incidence of adverse events and worse pain compared to immediate-release opioids. The study concluded that modified-release opioids were not superior in terms of analgesic consumption, hospital stay, hospital readmission, or physical function after surgery. One study found that modified-release opioids were linked to higher rates of persistent postoperative opioid use. No studies reported on psychological function, costs, or quality of life.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dileep N. Lobo
Summary: This review article summarizes the author's work on fluid and electrolyte balance over the past 25 years and how these studies have influenced clinical practice. The article emphasizes the adverse effects of inappropriate use of saline solutions, including hyperchloraemic acidosis caused by 0.9% saline. It also highlights the importance of accurate fluid balance in clinical practice. The findings of this research have been incorporated into guidelines and are helping change clinical practice and improve outcomes.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Amanda Koh, Olamide Oyende, David J. Humes, Dileep N. Lobo
Summary: Chronic pancreatitis is associated with increased risk of osteopenia, osteoporosis, and fractures. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that the prevalence of osteoporosis was 19% in patients with chronic pancreatitis, and they were more likely to have osteoporosis compared to controls. The study highlights the need for further research on the impact of osteoporotic fractures and associated morbidity and mortality in chronic pancreatitis.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fabienne Boesiger, Alessia Poggioli, Claudine Netzhammer, Celine Bretscher, Nina Kaegi-Braun, Pascal Tribolet, Carla Wunderle, Alexander Kutz, Dileep N. Lobo, Zeno Stanga, Beat Mueller, Philipp Schuetz
Summary: In this secondary analysis of a randomized nutritional trial, it was found that nutritional support did not increase albumin concentrations over 7 days, and changes in albumin were not correlated with response to nutritional interventions. However, an increase in albumin concentrations may be associated with better clinical outcomes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. Houdmont, P. Daliya, A. Adiamah, E. Theophilidou, J. Hassard, D. N. Lobo
Summary: Surgeons' psychosocial working conditions were poor and associated with burnout. Risk management activities based on management standards can help reduce burnout among surgeons.
OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE-OXFORD
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Amrita Kaur Jandu, Arpanun Nitayamekin, Josh Stevenson, Martin Beed, Ravinder S. Vohra, Vincent G. Wilson, Dileep N. Lobo
Summary: This study captured the opinions of cancer patients who underwent physical fitness interventions, mental health support, and nutritional advice before surgery. The findings showed that patients favored a prehabilitation programme that focused on physical exercise, counseling for mental health improvement, and personalized nutritional advice.
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Letter
Physiology
Dumitru Constantin-Teodosiu
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
George Grimble, Dileep N. Lobo, Nathalie Delzenne, Nicolaas E. Deutz
Summary: When presenting a paper, it is important to tailor your presentation to the audience's knowledge level and the title and abstract you submitted. Keep the talk simple and avoid complexity. Stick to the scheduled time and present the information in a concise manner. Make sure your slides are clear and informative, readable from a distance. Practice the talk beforehand, preferably with colleagues, and be prepared to make any necessary changes. Familiarize yourself with the content so you can relax and enjoy the experience.
CLINICAL NUTRITION ESPEN
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dileep N. Lobo, George Grimble, Nathalie Delzenne, Nicolaas E. Deutz
Summary: There are potential pitfalls in the publication process that researchers may encounter, whether knowingly or unknowingly. Disregarding publication governance can be risky and harm the reputation of authors and co-authors, even if the errors are unintentional. This article highlights these pitfalls, introduces relevant rules in research and publishing, and guides readers on how to avoid stumbling on the path to publication.
CLINICAL NUTRITION ESPEN
(2023)