Review
Immunology
Stefania Maggi, Nicola Veronese, Marianna Burgio, Giorgia Cammarata, Maria Elena Ciuppa, Stefano Ciriminna, Francesco Di Gennaro, Lee Smith, Mike Trott, Ligia J. Dominguez, Giovanni M. Giammanco, Simona De Grazia, Claudio Costantino, Francesco Vitale, Mario Barbagallo
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the rate of hospitalization and mortality between RSV and influenza in older adults. The results showed that the rate of hospitalization and mortality was similar between RSV and influenza in this population. Vaccination for RSV in older people is important for preventing negative outcomes such as mortality and hospitalization.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
B. Kampmann, S. A. Madhi, I. Munjal, E. A. F. Simoes, B. A. Pahud, C. Llapur, J. Baker, G. Perez Marc, D. Radley, E. Shittu, J. Glanternik, H. Snaggs, J. Baber, P. Zachariah, S. L. Barnabas, M. Fausett, T. Adam, N. Perreras, M. A. Van Houten, A. Kantele, L. -M Huang, L. J. Bont, T. Otsuki, S. L. Vargas, J. Gullam, B. Tapiero, R. T. Stein, F. P. Polack, H. J. Zar, N. B. Staerke, M. Duron Padilla, P. C. Richmond, K. Koury, K. Schneider, E. V. Kalinina, D. Cooper, K. U. Jansen, A. S. Anderson, K. A. Swanson, W. C. Gruber, A. Gurtman
Summary: Vaccination of pregnant women with RSVpreF vaccine was effective in reducing severe RSV-associated lower respiratory tract illness in infants. The vaccine showed 81.8% efficacy within 90 days and 69.4% efficacy within 180 days. The vaccine was found to be safe for both mothers and infants.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Katherine M. Begley, Arnold S. Monto, Lois E. Lamerato, Anurag N. Malani, Adam S. Lauring, H. Keipp Talbot, Manjusha Gaglani, Tresa McNeal, Fernanda P. Silveira, Richard K. Zimmerman, Donald B. Middleton, Shekhar Ghamande, Kempapura Murthy, Lindsay Kim, Jill M. Ferdinands, Manish M. Patel, Emily T. Martin
Summary: In this study, adults hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were found to have worse outcomes compared with influenza. They were more likely to have cardiopulmonary comorbidities, experience a longer stay, and require mechanical ventilation. This study highlights the importance of RSV surveillance and informs future vaccination strategies.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marco Heppe-Montero, Ruth Gil-Prieto, Jorge del Diego Salas, Valentin Hernandez-Barrera, Angel Gil-de-Miguel
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is a significant cause of hospitalization and in-hospital mortality in adults in Spain, especially among patients aged 60 and older.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mackenzie A. Hamilton, Ying Liu, Andrew Calzavara, Maria E. Sundaram, Mohamed Djebli, Dariya Darvin, Stefan Baral, Rafal Kustra, Jeffrey C. Kwong, Sharmistha Mishra
Summary: Our study identified shared and divergent predictors of clinical severity across different respiratory viruses, including age, gender, chronic kidney disease, etc. Notably, the positive association between age and mortality was largest for patients with SARS-CoV-2 compared to influenza or RSV patients.
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alaa Atamna, Tanya Babich, Dafi Froimovici, Dafna Yahav, Nadav Sorek, Haim Ben-Zvi, Leonard Leibovici, Jihad Bishara, Tomer Avni
Summary: This study compared the clinical outcomes of patients with laboratory-confirmed RSV and patients with influenza infection, finding that RSV patients had higher rates of complications and were more prone to pneumonia. Hypoalbuminemia, reduced room-air saturation, and RSV infection were identified as predictors of complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Heidi Reichert, Mina Suh, Xiaohui Jiang, Naimisha Movva, Lauren C. Bylsma, Jon P. Fryzek, Christopher B. Nelson
Summary: This study describes the mortality rate of infants in the United States due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The highest mortality rates were observed among infants with a gestational age of less than 29 weeks, American Indian/Alaskan Native infants, and Medicaid-insured infants. However, the burden of RSV mortality was greatest in full-term infants, white infants, and Medicaid-insured infants.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Marco Del Riccio, Peter Spreeuwenberg, Richard Osei-Yeboah, Caroline K. Johannesen, Liliana Vazquez Fernandez, Anne C. Teirlinck, Xin Wang, Terho Heikkinen, Mathieu Bangert, Saverio Caini, Harry Campbell, John Paget
Summary: This study estimated that an average of 245,244 children aged under 5 years are hospitalized annually due to RSV in the EU, with the highest hospitalization rates in children aged less than 2 months (71.6 per 1000 children).
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Deidre Wilkins, Yuan Yuan, Yue Chang, Anastasia A. Aksyuk, Beatriz Seoane Nunez, Ulrika Wahlby-Hamren, Tianhui Zhang, Michael E. Abram, Amanda Leach, Tonya Villafana, Mark T. Esser
Summary: Nirsevimab is an extended half-life monoclonal antibody that provides sustained, high levels of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) while allowing the development of an immune response. It effectively protects infants from RSV disease throughout their first RSV season and has similar seroresponse rates compared with placebo recipients. It is likely due to the prolonged persistence of nirsevimab at elevated levels that leads to this observed protection.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Benjamin Leaver, Benjamin Smith, Louis Irving, Douglas Johnson, Steven Tong
Summary: RSV has been identified as a significant contributor to morbidity and hospitalization, especially in older adults. The study compared demographic characteristics, testing patterns, hospitalizations, and outcomes between patients with influenza and RSV, finding that RSV patients were older, had more comorbidities, and were less likely to be tested in the emergency department. RSV was found to be the strongest predictor of 6-month representation, highlighting the need for targeted therapies.
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Benjamas Chuaychoo, Kanokwan Rattanasaengloet, Run Banlengchit, Navin Horthongkham, Niracha Athipanyasilp, Kanyarat Totanarungroj, Nisa Muangman
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed hospitalized adult RSV and influenza patients in Thailand, revealing that RSV is less common but similar to influenza in terms of complications and mortality. Clinical manifestations are not reliable in distinguishing between RSV and influenza, necessitating laboratory-confirmed diagnosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Genta Ito, Takahiro Takazono, Naoki Hosogaya, Naoki Iwanaga, Shogo Miyazawa, Satoki Fujita, Hideaki Watanabe, Hiroshi Mukae
Summary: This retrospective observational study evaluated the factors influencing the start date of the influenza epidemic season and the total number of infected persons per 1,000,000 population in 47 prefectures of Japan. Using a Japanese health insurance claims database, single and multiple regression analyses were conducted to assess the relationship between the start time of the epidemic and various factors such as absolute humidity, total visitors, and total population. The study found that the earlier the climate became suitable for virus transmission and the higher the human mobility, the earlier the epidemic season tended to begin.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Mauricio T. Caballero, Ashish Satav, Christopher J. Gill, Saad B. Omer, Rachel C. Pieciak, Abdul Momin Kazi, Eric Af Simoes, Fernando P. Polack
Summary: The study found that there are obstacles and challenges in conducting research in developing countries to determine the factors associated with community mortality due to RSV, including obtaining family consent for testing, sampling at the household level, supporting grieving parents, developing tailored strategies for challenging settings, and integrating data from different sources.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Padmini Srikantiah, Prachi Vora, Keith P. Klugman
Summary: The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation supported RSV mortality surveillance studies in low- and middle-income countries, revealing high mortality rates among infants and providing important information for the development of RSV immunization products.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Lingshuang Ren, Li Lin, Hua Zhang, Qianli Wang, Yibing Cheng, Qin Liu, Bing Fang, Linsen Xie, Meng Wang, Juan Yang, Jinxin Guo, Tianchen Zhang, Hongkai Lian, Jiangtao Wang, Hongjie Yu
Summary: This study aimed to explore the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric patients hospitalized with RSV or influenza infection before and during the relaxation of NPIs in central China during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results showed that RSV infections increased after the relaxation of NPIs, while influenza infections decreased. Therefore, there is a need for more effective prevention strategies to prevent RSV infections in children.
INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES
(2023)
Letter
Immunology
Bradley Ackerson, Katia Bruxvoort, Lei Qian, Lina S. Sy, Hung Fu Tseng
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ana Florea, Lina S. Sy, Lei Qian, Bradley K. Ackerson, Yi Luo, Julia E. Tubert, Gina S. Lee, Jennifer H. Ku, Katia J. Bruxvoort, Carla A. Talarico, Sijia Qiu, Yun Tian, Hung Fu Tseng
Summary: Among immunocompetent adults, the mRNA-1273 booster provides additional protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 disease compared to the 2-dose mRNA-1273 primary series during periods of Delta and Omicron predominance.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Stanley Xu, Runxin Huang, Lina S. Sy, Vennis Hong, Sungching C. Glenn, Denison S. Ryan, Kerresa Morrissette, Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, Jason M. Glanz, Nicola P. Klein, Bruce Fireman, David McClure, Elizabeth G. Liles, Eric S. Weintraub, Hung -Fu Tseng, Lei Qian
Summary: We conducted a large cohort study to evaluate the risk of non-COVID-19 mortality after COVID-19 vaccination. The results showed that the non-COVID-19 mortality rates among COVID-19 vaccinees were lower than those among comparators, and no increased risk was found for non-COVID-19 mortality among recipients of the three COVID-19 vaccines used in the US.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hung Fu Tseng, Bradley K. Ackerson, Katia J. Bruxvoort, Lina S. Sy, Julia E. Tubert, Gina S. Lee, Jennifer H. Ku, Ana Florea, Yi Luo, Sijia Qiu, Soon Kyu Choi, Harpreet S. Takhar, Michael Aragones, Yamuna D. Paila, Scott Chavers, Carla A. Talarico, Lei Qian
Summary: This study evaluates the effectiveness of the mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccine for Omicron subvariants based on data from the USA. It shows that while effectiveness against infection decreases rapidly after the third and fourth doses, effectiveness against hospitalization remains high. The study also suggests reduced neutralization against omicron BA.4/BA.5 compared to earlier omicron subvariants.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ana Florea, Lina S. Sy, Bradley K. Ackerson, Lei Qian, Yi Luo, Tracy Becerra-Culqui, Gina S. Lee, Yun Tian, Chengyi Zheng, Radha Bathala, Sara Y. Tartof, Laura Campora, Maria Angeles Ceregido, Anastasia Kuznetsova, Jean-Etienne Poirrier, Dominique Rosillon, Laura Valdes, Brigitte Cheuvart, Narcisa Mesaros, Nadia Meyer, Adrienne Guignard, Hung-Fu Tseng
Summary: This study evaluated the risk of congenital anomalies in infants following prenatal vaccination with the Tdap vaccine. The results showed a significantly increased risk of congenital anomalies in certain body systems among vaccinated women. However, these findings may be attributed to improved diagnosis rather than a direct association with the vaccine.
INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Kayla E. Hanson, Mona Marin, Matthew F. Daley, Lisa A. Jackson, Lina S. Sy, Nicola P. Klein, Malini B. DeSilva, Lakshmi Panagiotakopoulos, Eric Weintraub, Edward A. Belongia, Huong Q. McLean, Holly C. Groom
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the safety of the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR) in adolescents and adults. The results showed that serious adverse events after MMR were rare in this age group, but individuals should be informed about the potential occurrence of local and systemic non-serious adverse events.
Article
Anesthesiology
A. D. Kane, J. Soar, R. A. Armstrong, E. Kursumovic, M. T. Davies, F. C. Oglesby, L. Cortes, C. Taylor, I. K. Moppett, S. Agarwal, J. Cordingley, J. Dorey, S. J. Finney, G. Kunst, D. N. Lucas, G. Nickols, R. Mouton, J. P. Nolan, B. Patel, V. J. Pappachan, F. Plaat, B. R. Scholefield, J. H. Smith, L. Varney, T. M. Cook
Summary: Detailed knowledge of the surgical population, anaesthetic workload, techniques and behaviors is crucial for monitoring productivity and directing research themes. A recent survey in UK hospitals revealed an increasing burden of age, obesity, and comorbidity in patients requiring anaesthesia care, with a rise in the use of total intravenous anaesthesia. These findings may be influenced by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Article
Immunology
Jennifer H. Ku, Lina S. Sy, Lei Qian, Bradley K. Ackerson, Yi Luo, Julia E. Tubert, Gina S. Lee, Ana Florea, Katia J. Bruxvoort, Carla A. Talarico, Sijia Qiu, Yun Tian, Hung Fu Tseng
Summary: A study found that the 3-dose mRNA-1273 vaccine series is more effective than the 2-dose series, especially among immunocompromised individuals. The study highlights the importance of completing the 3-dose vaccine series for immunocompromised populations.
Article
Immunology
Bradley Ackerson, Lina S. Sy, Jeff Slezak, Lei Qian, Kristi Reynolds, Runxin Huang, Zendi Solano, William Towner, Sijia Qiu, Sarah R. Simmons, Steven J. Jacobsen, Katia J. Bruxvoort
Summary: This study compared the incidence of immune-mediated diseases, herpes zoster, and anaphylaxis between recipients of HepB-CpG and HepB-alum vaccines. The results showed that there were similar rates of most immune-mediated diseases and herpes zoster between the two groups, except for a slightly higher rate of rheumatoid arthritis. The incidence of anaphylaxis was very low. Therefore, HepB-CpG vaccine does not have significant safety concerns compared to HepB-alum vaccine.
Article
Immunology
Jennifer H. Ku, Lina S. Sy, Lei Qian, Bradley K. Ackerson, Yi Luo, Julia E. Tubert, Gina S. Lee, Ana Florea, Katia J. Bruxvoort, Fagen Xie, Sijia Qiu, Scott Chavers, Carla A. Talarico, Hung Fu Tseng
Summary: We assessed the relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) of 4 vs. 3 doses of mRNA-1273 against SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization, and death in immunocompetent adults aged >50 years. The adjusted 4 vs. 3-dose rVE for SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 hospitalization, and COVID-19 hospitalization death were 25.9%, 67.3%, and 72.5%, respectively. The adjusted rVE for SARS-CoV-2 infection ranged from 19.8% to 39.1% across subgroups. The protection provided by four mRNA-1273 doses against COVID-19 outcomes was significant, although rVE varied and declined over time.
Article
Immunology
Ana Florea, Jun Wu, Lei Qian, Bruno Lewin, Lina S. Sy, I-Chun Lin, Jennifer H. Ku, Hung Fu Tseng
Summary: A cohort study found that there may be an increased risk of herpes zoster (HZ) after receiving mRNA COVID-19 vaccines, especially in individuals aged 50 and over without a history of zoster vaccination. The risk of HZ was increased by 1.14 and 1.12 times within 90 days after receiving the second dose of mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 vaccines, respectively.
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hung Fu Tseng, Bradley K. Ackerson, Lina S. Sy, Julia E. Tubert, Yi Luo, Sijia Qiu, Gina S. Lee, Katia J. Bruxvoort, Jennifer H. Ku, Ana Florea, Harpreet S. Takhar, Radha Bathala, Cindy Ke Zhou, Daina B. Esposito, Morgan A. Marks, Evan J. Anderson, Carla A. Talarico, Lei Qian
Summary: The bivalent mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine was found to be highly effective in preventing hospitalization for COVID-19, medically attended SARS-CoV-2 infection, and COVID-19 hospital death. The relative vaccine effectiveness against hospitalization for COVID-19 was 70.3%, and the protection provided by the bivalent booster lasted for at least 3 months.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Stanley Xu, Vennis Hong, Lina S. Sy, Katia J. Bruxvoort, Bruno Lewin, Bing Han, Kimberly J. Holmquist, Lei Qian
Summary: This study examined the risk factors for not completing a 2-dose primary series of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. The results showed that age, gender, race/ethnicity, health insurance, and pre-vaccination health status were all associated with noncompletion. These findings can inform the development of strategies to improve vaccination coverage and completion rates.
JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
(2023)