Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeroen de Keijzer, Alejandra Freire Rios, Viola Willemsen
Summary: In multicellular organisms, cell proliferation and specialization are crucial for development, and in plants, these processes heavily rely on the spatial organization of cells within tissues. Plant cells maintain their relative positions at the moment of division, and the developmental trajectories of daughter cells are often determined by division plane positioning in the parental cell. The moss Physcomitrium patens serves as a suitable model system for studying division plane control, as it undergoes a transition from a simple to a complex three-dimensional body plan formation, involving specific mechanisms such as polarity protein complexes and cytoskeletal structures.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Noreen Mumtaz, Amel Dudakovic, Asha Nair, Marijke Koedam, Johannes P. T. M. van Leeuwen, Marion P. G. Koopmans, Barry Rockx, Andre J. J. van Wijnen, Bram C. J. van der Eerden
Summary: Arboviruses like Zika virus affect bone development by targeting osteoblasts and altering bone remodeling. In this study, the researchers investigated the effects of Zika virus infection on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) at different stages of osteogenesis. They found that late-stage infected MSCs showed elevated osteogenic markers, calcium content, and altered gene expression compared to early-stage infected MSCs.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John A. Fozard, Man Yu, William Bezodis, Jie Cheng, Jamie Spooner, Catherine Mansfield, Jordi Chan, Enrico Coen
Summary: Plant cells exhibit polarity, and this polarity can be coordinated through mechanical stresses. In cotyledons, there are two coordinated biases in planar polarity: mediolateral and proximodistal. These biases are not significantly affected by applied tension.
Article
Immunology
Ana Merino, Marta Sablik, Sander S. Korevaar, Carmen Lopez-Iglesias, Maitane Ortiz-Virumbrales, Carla C. Baan, Eleuterio Lombardo, Martin J. Hoogduijn
Summary: This study found that membrane particles (MP) generated from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) can preserve the beneficial effects of MSC on endothelial cell repair processes. This suggests that MP may have potential applications for treating vascular diseases where inflammatory processes damage the endothelium.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Diptiman Chanda, Mohammad Rehan, Samuel R. Smith, Kevin G. Dsouza, Yong Wang, Karen Bernard, Deepali Kurundkar, Vinayak Memula, Kyoko Kojima, James A. Mobley, Gloria A. Benavides, Victor Darley-Usmar, Young-iL Kim, Jaroslaw W. Zmijewski, Jessy S. Deshane, Stijn De Langhe, Victor J. Thannickal
Summary: This study revealed the impact of cellular aging on the ability of L-MSC and AEC2s cells to form three-dimensional organoids, and found that reducing Nox4 activity may reverse critical effects of cellular aging.
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Xiao-Na Xiang, Si-Yi Zhu, Hong-Chen He, Xi Yu, Yang Xu, Cheng-Qi He
Summary: Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative disease that causes high socioeconomic costs and disability rates. The knee joint is most commonly affected, characterized by progressive destruction of articular cartilage, loss of extracellular matrix, and inflammation. MSC-based therapy has been explored as a new regenerative treatment for knee osteoarthritis. However, the detailed functions and mechanisms of MSC-based therapy, especially for cartilage regeneration, have not been explained.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jinnan Xiang, Jigang Guo, Shaoyang Zhang, Hongguang Wu, Ye-Guang Chen, Junping Wang, Baojie Li, Huijuan Liu
Summary: This study found that the Twist2 stromal lineage cells play a crucial role in the growth and maintenance of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and their ability to regenerate villi. Additionally, Acta2(+) cells also contribute to ISC regeneration. These findings suggest that different cellular niches are required for ISC-mediated villus homeostasis and regeneration.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paras Jain, Sugandha Bhatia, Erik W. Thompson, Mohit Kumar Jolly
Summary: Phenotypic heterogeneity is a hallmark of aggressive cancer behavior and a clinical challenge. This study suggests that fluctuations or noise in content duplication and partitioning of the SNAIL gene during cell division can explain spontaneous phenotypic switching and dynamic heterogeneity in PMC42-LA cells.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Neety Sahu, Pranay Agarwal, Fiorella Grandi, Michela Bruschi, Stuart Goodman, Derek Amanatullah, Nidhi Bhutani
Summary: The study demonstrates that co-culturing patient-derived OA cartilage explants with alginate-encapsulated MSC microbeads can lead to improved proteoglycan distribution, increased sGAG content, cell proliferation, elevated levels of cytokines such as IL-10, HGF, and sFAS, increased TIMP1 levels, and a decrease in apoptotic cells. This indicates that the paracrine factors secreted by MSC microbeads create a conducive microenvironment for anabolic, proliferative, and anti-apoptotic processes in patient-derived OA cartilage, ultimately promoting endogenous regeneration.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Candice Bohaud, Rafael Contreras-Lopez, Jholy de la Cruz, Claudia Terraza-Aguirre, Mingxing Wei, Farida Djouad, Christian Jorgensen
Summary: Osteoarthritis is a multifaceted degenerative and inflammatory joint disorder, with current therapies often only providing short-term benefits without complete structural and functional reconstitution. Identifying novel therapeutic targets and strategies is crucial to achieve long-term clinical benefits for OA patients.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Somya Mani, Tsvi Tlusty
Summary: This study uses a generative model to test how asymmetric cell division, signaling, and gene regulation can be combined to generate multiple differentiation paths, finding that cell type lineage graphs are unlikely to be tree-like but rather directed acyclic graphs. The majority of model-generated organisms appear to have the ability to regenerate using pluripotent cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siddharth Shanbhag, Neha Rana, Salwa Suliman, Shaza Bushra Idris, Kamal Mustafa, Andreas Stavropoulos
Summary: This study investigated the influence of bi-calcium phosphates (BCPs) on mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and MSC-macrophage interactions in an inflammatory microenvironment. The results showed that BCPs significantly regulated MSC gene expressions toward a pro-healing phenotype under both inflammatory and non-inflammatory conditions, with little effect on MSC secretory profiles. In the presence of macrophages, BCPs positively regulated both gene expression and cytokine secretion of MSCs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jacklyn Whitehead, Katherine H. Griffin, Marissa Gionet-Gonzales, Charlotte E. Vorwald, Serena E. Cinque, J. Kent Leach
Summary: Research shows that leveraging the mechanical properties of alginate hydrogels can enhance the osteogenic potential of entrapped MSC spheroids. Compared to elastic alginate, calcium deposition of MSC spheroids was increased in ionically crosslinked, viscoelastic hydrogels.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Keun-Woo Lee, So-Young Yeo, Jeong-Ryeol Gong, Ok-Jae Koo, Insuk Sohn, Woo Yong Lee, Hee Cheol Kim, Seong Hyeon Yun, Yong Beom Cho, Mi-Ae Choi, Sugyun An, Juhee Kim, Chang Ohk Sung, Kwang-Hyun Cho, Seok-Hyung Kim
Summary: PRRX1 is identified as a master transcription factor determining a fibroblast lineage with myofibroblastic phenotype, which is associated with poor prognosis in cancer. This study reveals cancer-associated fibroblast subpopulations based on super-enhancer profiles, providing a new opportunity for cancer treatment by targeting fibroblasts.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dana Ivanisova, Martin Bohac, Martina Culenova, Veronika Smolinska, Lubos Danisovic
Summary: Despite advances in biomedical research, osteochondral defects remain a significant medical problem. Cell-based therapies and tissue engineering show promise in regenerating damaged osteochondral tissue through the use of different types of cells and biomaterials. However, a major challenge is expanding cells in vitro without altering their properties, and the use of conditioned media containing bioactive molecules is crucial.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
