Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Byung Soo Kwan, Ok Jae Lee, Hyun Jin Kim, Kwang Min Kim, Sang Goon Shim, Dae Hyeon Cho, Sung Min Kong, Jun Young Kim, Jun Ho Ji
Summary: This study compared the efficacy and safety of chemotherapy in elderly patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. The results showed that chemotherapy improved median overall survival among elderly patients, but some patients discontinued treatment due to adverse events.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Feng Guo, Yingke Zhou, Hui Guo, Dianyun Ren, Xin Jin, Heshui Wu
Summary: NR5A2 acts as a negative prognostic biomarker in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), being transcriptionally upregulated by BRD4 and promoting pancreatic cancer progression through inducing the transcription of GDF15.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Katherine J. Aney, Sahar Nissim
Summary: Studies have highlighted the potential role of NR5A2 in modulating PDAC risk, with findings suggesting that NR5A2 may contribute to PDAC precursors in ways beyond its previously characterized acinar cell-autonomous role. Understanding these roles will be crucial for guiding new preventive and treatment strategies for PDAC.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
A. Oba, Y. H. A. Wu, C. H. Lieu, C. Meguid, K. L. Colborn, L. Beaty, M. H. Al-Musawi, S. L. Davis, A. D. Leal, T. Purcell, G. King, E. S. Wooten, Y. Fujiwara, K. A. Goodman, T. Schefter, S. D. Karam, A. L. Gleisner, S. Ahrendt, S. Leong, W. A. Messersmith, R. D. Schulick, M. Del Chiaro
Summary: The study found that elderly patients with borderline resectable or locally advanced pancreatic cancer may benefit from multiagent chemotherapy with FOLFIRINOX or GnP similarly to younger patients in terms of safety and efficacy, although they may have slightly shorter survival times.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Caroline J. Rieser, Mazen Zenati, Sowmya Narayanan, Nathan Bahary, Kenneth K. Lee, Alessandro Paniccia, David L. Bartlett, Amer H. Zureikat
Summary: Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is a safe and effective strategy for elderly patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), leading to fewer complications post-surgery, equivalent rates of adjuvant therapy receipt, and increased overall survival compared to a surgery-first approach.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Anne Claire Henry, Thijs J. Schouten, Lois A. Daamen, Marieke S. Walma, Peter Noordzij, Geert A. Cirkel, Maartje Los, Marc G. Besselink, Olivier R. Busch, Bert A. Bonsing, Koop Bosscha, Ronald M. van Dam, Sebastiaan Festen, Bas Groot Koerkamp, Erwin van der Harst, Ignace H. J. T. de Hingh, Geert Kazemier, Mike S. Liem, Vincent E. de Meijer, Vincent B. Nieuwenhuijs, Daphne Roos, Jennifer M. J. Schreinemakers, Martijn W. J. Stommel, I. Quintus Molenaar, Hjalmar C. van Santvoort
Summary: Elderly patients undergoing pancreatic cancer resection have similar rates of major complications and 90-day mortality compared to younger patients, but they are less likely to receive adjuvant chemotherapy and have shorter overall survival.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bin Xu, Jinbo Shi, Wenjie Lu, Yulian Wu, Xin Dong
Summary: This study investigates the benefits of postoperative chemotherapy for elderly patients with resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). It finds that elderly patients have poorer prognosis compared to younger patients, but postoperative chemotherapy can prolong overall survival in the elderly group similarly to the younger group.
Review
Oncology
Satoshi Kobayashi, Makoto Ueno, Hiroshi Ishii, Junji Furuse
Summary: Systemic chemotherapy is crucial in treating pancreatic cancer for not only unresectable cases, but also for neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment of resectable cases. Specific treatments for elderly pancreatic cancer patients are urgently needed as the elderly population with this disease continues to grow. Various chemotherapy regimens such as Gemcitabine or S-1 monotherapy are considered appropriate for elderly patients, while the use of FOLFIRINOX is debated due to safety concerns. Further studies and geriatric assessments are required to determine the best treatment options for elderly individuals with pancreatic cancer.
JAPANESE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
James Doyle, Tyson Amundsen, James A. Hall, Chandni Raiyani, Lucas Wong
Summary: Elderly pancreatic cancer patients could benefit from palliative chemotherapy compared to supportive care, with improved survival rates across different age groups, cancer stages, and Charlson Comorbidity Scores.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Wungki Park, Akhil Chawla, Eileen M. O'Reilly
Summary: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a relatively uncommon cancer with increasing incidence each year, resulting in a high percentage of patients being diagnosed with advanced disease. Current cytotoxic therapies for PDAC are moderately effective, emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary management, comprehensive germline testing, and integrated supportive care for all patients.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Maozhen Peng, Ying Ying, Zheng Zhang, Liang Liu, Wenquan Wang
Summary: The reshaping of the pancreatic tumor microenvironment by chemotherapy, including the alteration of immune cells, pancreatic cancer cells, and cancer-associated fibroblast cells, has been studied quantitatively, functionally, and spatially. Understanding how chemotherapy reshapes the tumor microenvironment may lead to new therapeutic strategies to block its adverse tumor-promoting effects and prolong survival.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Duorui Nie, Qingxia Lan, Bin Shi, Fei Xu
Summary: This study investigated different treatment strategies for elderly patients with stage I pancreatic cancer. The results showed that surgical resection and post-operative chemotherapy are recommended for patients who can tolerate treatment, but post-operative chemoradiotherapy does not provide survival benefits compared to post-operative chemotherapy. For untreated patients, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or the combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy are significantly related to prognosis, with chemoradiotherapy having the most obvious benefit.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel R. Principe, Alexandre F. Aissa, Sandeep Kumar, Thao N. D. Pham, Patrick W. Underwood, Rakesh Nair, Rong Ke, Basabi Rana, Jose G. Trevino, Hidayatullah G. Munshi, Elizaveta Benevolenskaya, Ajay Rana
Summary: There is currently no effective treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In this study, researchers identified a subset of gemcitabine-resistant tumor cells enriched for calcium/calmodulin signaling. Inhibition of calcium-dependent calmodulin activation led to the loss of drug-resistant phenotypes, and calcium chelation or depletion impaired ERK activation and restored therapeutic responses to gemcitabine. Calcium channel blockers also enhanced therapeutic responses to gemcitabine.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Zahra Shaghaghi, Maryam Alvandi, Soghra Farzipour, Mohammad Reza Dehbanpour, Sahar Nosrati
Summary: Cancer is a challenging disease, and various methods are available to combat cancer cells. The lipid-lowering drug atorvastatin has shown potential for cancer treatment.
Article
Oncology
Hyun Ae Jung, Bo Ram Han, Ho Young Kim, Hyo Jung Kim, Dae Young Zang, Joo Young Jung
Summary: Older patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer are less likely to receive chemotherapy, however, the survival benefit from chemotherapy is comparable to that of younger patients. Further studies are needed to identify which older patients would benefit from cytotoxic chemotherapy.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ryota Takahashi, Marina Macchini, Masaki Sunagawa, Zhengyu Jiang, Takayuki Tanaka, Giovanni Valenti, Bernhard W. Renz, Ruth A. White, Yoku Hayakawa, C. Benedikt Westphalen, Yagnesh Tailor, Alina C. Iuga, Tamas A. Gonda, Jeanine Genkinger, Kenneth P. Olive, Timothy C. Wang
Summary: The study demonstrates that IL-1 beta promotes tumorigenesis by inducing an expansion of immune-suppressive B cells. These findings highlight the growing significance of B suppressor cells in pancreatic tumorigenesis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marina Macchini, Marta Chiaravalli, Chiara Pircher, Silvia Zanon, Umberto Peretti, Elena Mazza, Maria Maddalena Valente, Clara Fugazza, Luca Gianni, Michele Reni
Summary: For older patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma, combination chemotherapy shows acceptable feasibility and promising efficacy.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
U. Peretti, A. Cavaliere, M. Niger, G. Tortora, M. C. Di Marco, M. G. Rodriquenz, F. Centonze, I. G. Rapposelli, G. Giordano, F. De Vita, L. Stuppia, A. Avallone, M. Ratti, C. Paratore, L. G. Forti, G. Orsi, M. M. Valente, M. Gaule, M. Macchini, P. Carrera, S. Calzavara, M. Simbolo, D. Melisi, F. De Braud, L. Salvatore, S. De Lorenzo, C. Chiarazzo, M. Falconi, S. Cascinu, M. Milella, M. Reni
Summary: This study analyzed the epidemiology of gBRCApv in Italian pancreatic cancer patients, finding a higher than expected incidence rate of 8.1%, with the highest rate among patients <40 years old at 17.1%. Screening is recommended for all PDAC patients <74 years old, regardless of family history and stage.
Review
Oncology
Michele Milella, Claudio Bassi, Ugo Boggi, Oronzo Brunetti, Alessandro Cavaliere, Stefano Crippa, Ferdinando De Vita, Massimo Falconi, Giovanni Luca Frassineti, Elisa Giommoni, Marina Macchini, Giuseppe Malleo, Nicola Silvestris, Antonella Tudisco, Enrico Vasile, Michele Reni
Summary: This review addresses the main unanswered questions about the clinical management of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, aiming to provide practical decision support for physicians.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Gabriele Capurso, Nicolo Pecorelli, Alice Burini, Giulia Orsi, Diego Palumbo, Marina Macchini, Roberto Mele, Francesco de Cobelli, Massimo Falconi, Paolo Giorgio Arcidiacono, Michele Reni
Summary: Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease that can alter the nutritional status of patients, leading to malnutrition and muscle wasting. The ideal way to measure these changes and identify them early to prevent complications or treatment discontinuation is still relatively unexplored. Nutritional assessment is crucial in PDAC patients, and bioimpedance vector analysis and radiological assessment of body composition appear to be more accurate in predicting clinical outcomes and postoperative complications.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTICANCER THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
M. Redegalli, M. Schiavo Lena, M. G. Cangi, C. E. Smart, M. Mori, C. Fiorino, P. G. Arcidiacono, G. Balzano, M. Falconi, M. Reni, C. Doglioni
Summary: This study aimed to identify a new quantitative prognostic index based on tumor morphology to predict the prognosis of patients with PDAC undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery. The results showed that perineural invasion and lymph node ratio were associated with shorter overall survival and disease-free survival, while high stroma to neoplasia ratio predicted longer overall survival and disease-free survival. These variables were combined to generate a semi-quantitative prognostic index that significantly distinguished patients with poor outcomes from those with a good outcome.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Marco Dubois, Nicole Liscia, Oronzo Brunetti, Pina Ziranu, Eleonora Lai, Antonella Argentiero, Elena Mazza, Stefano Cascinu, Nicola Silvestris, Andrea Casadei-Gardini, Mario Scartozzi
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with gastric/gastroesophageal cancer. The results showed that the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors could significantly reduce the risk of death and disease progression in these patients. Regardless of the patients' combined positive score, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors with standard first-line chemotherapy could be considered for treatment.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ONCOLOGY HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tanios Bekaii-Saab, Takuji Okusaka, David Goldstein, Do-Youn Oh, Makoto Ueno, Tatsuya Ioka, Weijia Fang, Eric C. Anderson, Marcus S. Noel, Michele Reni, Hye Jin Choi, Jonathan S. Goldberg, Sang Cheul Oh, Chung-Pin Li, Josep Tabernero, Jian Li, Emma Foos, Cindy Oh, Eric Van Cutsem
Summary: In an open-label phase 3 study, it was found that the addition of napabucasin to nab-paclitaxel with gemcitabine did not improve efficacy in patients with previously untreated metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (mPDAC). However, the safety profile of napabucasin was consistent with previous reports. This study reinforced the value of nab-paclitaxel plus gemcitabine as a platform for novel therapeutic approaches in mPDAC.
Article
Oncology
Julien Taieb, Thomas Seufferlein, Michele Reni, Daniel H. Palmer, John A. Bridgewater, Antonio Cubillo, Gerald W. Prager, Alice Vermeire, Fabienne Hedouin-Biville, Zhaoyang Teng, Teresa Macarulla
Summary: Real-world data on treatment patterns and outcomes for metastatic pancreatic cancer are limited. This study assessed treatment patterns, survival outcomes, and prognostic/predictive factors in patients with mPAC. The findings indicated that treatment sequences were generally in accordance with guidelines, and identified significant prognostic/predictive factors for survival.
Review
Oncology
Silvia Camera, Nicole Liscia, Silvia Foti, Lavinia Barbieri, Andrea Cossu, Francesco Puccetti, Ugo Elmore, Riccardo Rosati, Mario Scartozzi, Elena Mazza, Stefano Cascinu
Summary: Gastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Despite advancements in surgical and systemic treatments, survival rates for patients with metastatic disease remain unsatisfactory. Systemic therapies are the gold standard in managing stage IV gastric cancer, and the recent advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors has shown promising efficacy in the metastatic setting.
Article
Oncology
Marina Macchini, Umberto Peretti, Giulia Orsi, Silvia Zanon, Elena Mazza, Maria Maddalena Valente, Domenico Tamburrino, Giulio Belfiori, Gemma Rossi, Sabrina Gloria Giulia Testoni, Paolo Passoni, Claudio Doglioni, Stefano Cascinu, Michele Reni
Summary: The study explores the role of drug re-challenge at disease progression after a chemotherapy-free interval in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients. It was found that resuming prior drugs after a chemotherapy holiday ≥ 3 months is a feasible strategy for advanced PDAC patients who achieved durable disease control after upfront treatments.
CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Albrecht Stenzinger, Arndt Vogel, Ulrich Lehmann, Angela Lamarca, Paul Hofman, Luigi Terracciano, Nicola Normanno
Summary: Cholangiocarcinomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors with distinct genomic alterations. Next-generation sequencing is a powerful tool for identifying gene variants and guiding personalized treatment for patients with cholangiocarcinomas. Understanding the use of NGS in molecular profiling is crucial for healthcare professionals to optimize treatment outcomes.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2024)