Article
Ophthalmology
Aaron B. Beasley, David B. Preen, Samuel McLenachan, Elin S. Gray, Fred K. Chen
Summary: This study estimated the incidence and mortality of conjunctival melanoma in Australia from 1982 to 2014. The incidence rates increased over the study period, while disease survival remained unchanged at a mean of 90%.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Aaron B. Beasley, David B. Preen, Samuel McLenachan, Elin S. Gray, Fred K. Chen
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the incidence and mortality of uveal melanoma (UM) in Australia from 1982 to 2014. The results showed that the incidence of UM peaked in the 1990s and did not significantly change in the last 30 years. Age, residence, and histological classification were significantly associated with survival among UM patients.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qingwei Luo, Jie-Bin Lew, Julia Steinberg, Joachim Worthington, Xue Qin Yu, Michael Caruana, Isabelle Soerjomataram, Freddie Bray, Sheena Lawrance, Maria Arcorace, Dianne L. O'Connell, Karen Canfell, Eleonora Feletto
Summary: This study projected the mortality rates for colon and rectal cancers in Australia using data from the New South Wales Cancer Registry and found that the rates are expected to decrease in the coming decades. These projections are important for evaluating the effectiveness of cancer control interventions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Junyi Wang, Li Liu, Yaning Cai, Yang Gao, Zhaoyan Guo, Fangfang Yu, Zhiguang Ping
Summary: From 2005 to 2015, there was a slight decline in the incidence of colon and rectal cancers in China, with no significant age-related disparity. Females showed more pronounced declines compared to males. However, rural residents exhibited increasing trends in both colon and rectal cancer incidence.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Aarti Soni, Tajdarul H. Syed
Summary: This study analyzed long-term estimates of evapotranspiration (ET) over four major river basins of India from 1982 to 2014, revealing that water availability (represented by precipitation and soil moisture) is the main factor influencing the variability of ET in each basin.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Katherine Pemberton, Richard C. Franklin, Emma Bosley, Kerrianne Watt
Summary: The study describes the annual incidence and trends of adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of presumed cardiac causes in Queensland. The findings show a significant increase in incidence rates over time for total admitted events and certain survival periods. Implemented strategies have successfully improved outcomes, reaching populations in remote areas and lower socioeconomic groups.
Article
Oncology
Dominique Schell, Shahid Ullah, Mark E. Brooke-Smith, Paul Hollington, Marina Yeow, Christos S. Karapetis, David I. Watson, Stephen J. Pandol, Claire T. Roberts, Savio G. Barreto
Summary: This study from South Australia reveals a significant increase in the incidence of young-onset gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas over the last three decades, with a greater increase in males. Survival rates have improved only for colorectal cancer patients in this cohort. Further research is needed to identify the sociodemographic factors contributing to this trend and develop preventive strategies.
Review
Oncology
Tina Carter, Maxine Crook, Ashleigh Murch, Alex H. Beesley, Nick de Klerk, Adrian Charles, Ursula R. Kees
Summary: NUT carcinoma is a rare and aggressive cancer with low overall survival. A retrospective study in a specific geographical area determined the incidence of NC, emphasizing the importance of improved diagnostic detection for better management and patient counseling.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xi Wang, Jian Liu, Bingyun Yang, Yansong Bao, George P. Petropoulos, Hui Liu, Bo Hu
Summary: The study analyzed a 38-year dataset of satellite observations to investigate the spatio-temporal trends of cloud fraction, surface downwelling longwave flux, and surface upwelling longwave flux over the Arctic seas. The results show that cloud fraction has been increasing since 2008 across all seasons, while surface longwave fluxes have shown significant positive trends since 1982, with higher magnitudes in autumn and winter. There is a negative correlation between cloud fraction and sea-ice concentration in autumn, indicating a potential impact on sea-ice retreat.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. Notarnicola
Summary: Despite the availability of data and models, there is a lack of consistent understanding of long-term trends in snow cover extent and duration changes in global mountain areas. In this study, model data and satellite images are combined using Artificial Neural Networks to create a consistent time series from 1982 to 2020 for global mountain areas. The analysis of this harmonized time series over 38 years reveals an overall negative trend in yearly snow cover extent and snow cover duration.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xuan Gao, Dongsheng Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the spatial and temporal variations of vegetation phenology in the dryland ecosystems of the Great Lakes Region of Central Asia (GLRCA). The results showed that the start of growing season (SGS) and the end of growing season (EGS) were significantly earlier regionally, leading to a shorter length of growing season (LGS) across the GLRCA. Surface temperature was found to be a major determinant of advanced spring phenology, while increased soil moisture and mitigated drought would delay spring phenology. The response of autumn phenology to surface temperature and short-wave radiation varied across different climate zones.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jem Ninan, Carlee Ruediger, Kathryn A. Dyer, Thomas Dodd, Rachel J. Black, Suellen Lyne, Ernst M. Shanahan, Susanna M. Proudman, Susan Lester, Julian McNeil, Catherine L. Hill
Summary: The incidence of biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA) in South Australia remains low. A higher incidence was observed compared to an earlier study, but differences in diagnostic methods and ascertainment may account for this change.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael Fu, Silvana Kontogeorgos, Erik Thunstrom, Tatiana Zverkova Sandstrom, Christian Kroon, Entela Bollano, Maria Schaufelberger, Annika Rosengren
Summary: This study investigated the incidence and prognosis of myocarditis in Sweden from 2000 to 2014. The results showed an increasing trend in myocarditis incidence during this period, predominantly in men and individuals under 50 years of age. The incidence of heart failure and dilated cardiomyopathy was relatively low, but the one-year mortality rate was significantly higher compared to the reference population.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Rena F. Hale, Heath P. Melugin, Jun Zhou, Matthew D. LaPrade, Christopher Bernard, Devin Leland, Bruce A. Levy, Aaron J. Krych
Summary: The study aimed to determine the incidence of FAI diagnosis in patients with hip pain, and found that the overall incidence was 54.4 per 100,000 person-years. Incidence increased over time, with higher rates in female patients. The utilization of joint preservation operations, including hip arthroscopy and periacetabular osteotomy, also increased from 2000 to 2016.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sara L. MacPhail, Miguel A. Bedoya-Perez, Rhys Cohen, Vicki Kotsirilos, Iain S. McGregor, Elizabeth A. Cairns
Summary: This article analyzes the prescribing trends of medicinal cannabis in Australia since 2016. The results show that pain, anxiety, and sleep disorders are the leading indications for approvals, and oil products are the most popular type. In recent years, there has been an increase in approvals for younger patients, male patients, and non-CBD dominant products.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joachim Worthington, Jie-Bin Lew, Emily He, Kate Broun, Katina D'Onise, Paul Grogan, Karen Canfell, Eleonora Feletto
Summary: Colorectal cancer has geographic inequities in Australia, with higher mortality rates and lower participation in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) in remote and rural areas. This study describes the demographics of HZP areas and estimates the impacts of potential screening changes.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Elvin S. Cheng, Louiza S. Velentzis, Marianne Weber, Julia Steinberg, Karen Canfell, Xue Qin Yu
Summary: There is emerging evidence suggesting that oestrogen may be involved in lung cancer development, especially among never-smoking women. A large-scale study in China found that factors such as age at menarche, age at menopause, time since menopause, prior use of oral contraceptives, number of livebirths, breastfeeding, and age at first livebirth were associated with increased risk of lung cancer death among never-smoking women. These findings highlight the potential role of reproductive factors in lung cancer development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Karen Canfell, Bette Liu, Emily Banks
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David M. Goldsbury, Amy Vassallo, Marianne Weber, Julia Steinberg, Penelope Webb, Anna DeFazio, Karen Canfell
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the direct health system costs of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer in Australia during 2006-2013, and found that the costs are substantial. Continued investment in ovarian cancer research, including prevention, early detection, and personalized treatments, is necessary to reduce the burden of the disease.
Article
Substance Abuse
Stephen Wade, Marianne F. Weber, Peter Sarich, Michael Caruana, Christina Watts, Pavla Vaneckova, Preston Ngo, Sonya Cressman, Michelle Scollo, Emily Banks, Coral E. Gartner, Paul B. Grogan, Tony Blakely, Martin C. Tammemagi, Karen Canfell
Summary: This study aimed to compare 50-year forecasts of Australian tobacco smoking rates in relation to smoking initiation and cessation trends and a national target of <= 5% adult daily prevalence by 2030. Using a compartmental model and population predictions, the study estimated smoking prevalence to 2066 and compared scenarios of different trends in initiation and cessation rates. The results showed that current trends will not achieve the target by 2030, and urgent strategies are needed to prevent initiation and facilitate cessation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sophie O'Haire, Fanny Franchini, Yoon-Jung Kang, Julia Steinberg, Karen Canfell, Jayesh Desai, Stephen Fox, Maarten IJzerman
Summary: NTRK gene fusions are rare somatic mutations found in various cancer types, and targeted therapies for them are emerging. However, integrating these treatments into healthcare systems poses challenges due to uncertain prevalence and optimal testing methods. To address this, a systematic review was conducted to determine the prevalence of NTRK fusions and guide efficient diagnostic screening. The review included 160 studies and found that NTRK fusion-positive cancers are rare and widely distributed across solid tumors. However, small-scale and heterogeneous data make it difficult to predict prevalence accurately. Further large-scale, standardized genomic data are needed to better understand NTRK fusion epidemiology.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Claudia Gascoyne, Kate Broun, Belinda Morley, Kerryann Wyatt, Eleonora Feletto, Sarah J. Durkin
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of a multiwave media campaign on the participation rate of the Australian National Bowel Cancer Screening Program. The campaign significantly increased the rate of iFOBT kits returned, especially among younger individuals and those who had never participated in screening.
Article
Biology
Carolyn Nickson, Megan A. Smith, Eleonora Feletto, Louiza S. Velentzis, Kate Broun, Sabine Deij, Paul Grogan, Michaela Hall, Emily He, D. James St John, Jie-Bin Lew, Pietro Procopio, Kate T. Simms, Joachim Worthington, G. Bruce Mann, Karen Canfell, Talia Malagon
Summary: Australia introduced COVID-19 infection prevention and control measures and conducted a modelled evaluation of the impact of disruptions to cancer screening programmes. The findings showed that a 12-month screening disruption would reduce breast and colorectal cancer diagnoses, but increase cervical cancer diagnoses. Maintaining screening participation is critical to preventing an increase in the burden of cancer at a population level.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Susan Yuill, Sam Egger, Megan A. Smith, Louiza Velentzis, Marion Saville, Erich Kliewer, Deborah Bateson, Karen Canfell
Summary: This study compared the participation in the National Cervical Screening Program (NCSP) between immigrants and Australian-born women. The results showed that women from New Zealand, Oceania, Middle East/North Africa, Southeast Asia, Chinese Asia, Japan/South Korea, and Southern/Central Asia had lower screening participation rates, while women from Malta and South America had higher participation rates. Non-English-speaking-at-home women were less likely to be screened. Even after living in Australia for over 20 years, immigrant groups still had lower screening rates compared to Australian-born women. This study suggests that there is room for improvement in screening participation for these groups.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCREENING
(2023)
Article
Economics
Preston Ngo, Deme Karikios, David Goldsbury, Stephen Wade, Zarnie Lwin, Brett G. M. Hughes, Kwun M. Fong, Karen Canfell, Marianne Weber
Summary: New therapies have improved the standard of care for lung cancer since 2016, leading to a need for up-to-date evidence in health economic modelling. A discrete event simulation of advanced lung cancer treatment was developed to estimate survival outcomes and healthcare costs in the Australian setting, which can be updated as new therapies are introduced.
Article
Virology
Xiangqun Ju, Sneha Sethi, Annika Antonsson, Joanne Hedges, Karen Canfell, Megan Smith, Gail Garvey, Richard M. Logan, Lisa M. Jamieson
Summary: This study investigated the natural history and risk factors of oral HPV infections in an Australian Indigenous cohort. Data was collected from Indigenous Australians aged 18+ years through face-to-face interviews and saliva samples. The prevalence, incidence, and persistence of oral HPV infection were high in this population, with oral sex behaviors and recreational drug use identified as risk factors for high-risk HPV infection.
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
Sonya Cressman, Marianne Weber, Preston Ngo, Alain Tremblay, Stephen Wade, Renee Manser, Emily Stone, Sukhinder Atkar-Khattra, Deme Karikios, Cheryl Ho, Silvia Behar Harpaz, Michael Caruana, Aleisha Fernandes, Jing Yi Weng, Annette McWilliams, Renelle Meyers, John Mayo, John Yee, Ren Yuan, Henry Marshall, Kwun Fong, Stephen Lam, Karen Canfell, Martin Tammemagi
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
Annette McWilliams, Jacqueline Logan, Fraser Brims, Henry Marshall, Linda Passmore, Barbara Page, Emily Stone, Renee Manser, Paul Fogarty, Sriyani Parsons, Sukhinder Atkar-Khattra, Sonya Cressman, Renelle Myers, Martin Tammemagi, Marianne Weber, Karen Canfell, Kwun Fong, Stephen Lam
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
Preston Ngo, Deme Karikios, David Goldsbury, Stephen Wade, Brett Hughes, Zarnie Lwin, Karen Canfell, Nick Pavlakis, Marianne Weber
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
Pavla Vaneckova, Stephen Wade, Michael Caruana, Preston Ngo, Silvia Behar Harpaz, Peter Sarich, Qingwei Luo, David Goldsbury, Elvin Cheng, Xue Qin Yu, Katherine Barron, Mei Ling Yap, Paul Grogan, Emily Banks, Kwung Fong, Henry Marshall, Deme Karikios, Nicole Rankin, Sonya Cressman, Martin Tammemagi, Annette McWilliams, Marianne Weber, Karen Canfell