Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cesar Fernandez-Lazaro, Carmen Sayon-Orea, Estefania Toledo, Conchi Moreno-Iribas, Maria J. Guembe
Summary: The study aimed to investigate whether better adherence to ICVH metrics was associated with reduced cardiovascular risk and to assess its impact on the timing of occurrence using rate advancement period.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Pietro Magnoni, Rossella Murtas, Antonio Giampiero Russo
Summary: This study found that living near roads with a day-evening-night noise level above 70 dBA has a small but tangible independent effect on the risks of both ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke, especially in men younger than 60 years old.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jenny Hadrevi, Robin Myte, Tommy Olsson, Richard Palmqvist, Lisbeth Slunga Jarvholm, Bethany Van Guelpen
Summary: This population-based cohort study found no significant correlation between work-related stress and cancer risk, filling an important knowledge gap regarding stress as a risk factor for cancer.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Raquel Martin-Iguacel, Mari Carmen Vazquez-Friol, Joaquin Burgos, Andreu Bruguera, Juliana Reyes-Uruena, Sergio Moreno-Fornes, Jordi Aceiton, Yesika Diaz, Pere Domingo, Maria Saumoy, Hernando Knobel, David Dalmau, Beatriz Borjabad, Isik Somuncu Johansen, Jose M. Miro, Jordi Casabona, Josep M. Llibre
Summary: It remains unclear whether late HIV presenters have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease compared to those diagnosed early. This study found that late presenters without prior cardiovascular disease did not have an increased risk of incident cardiovascular events following ART initiation compared to non-late presenters.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yuichi Ishikawa, Kazuhisa Nakano, Kei Tokutsu, Shingo Nakayamada, Shinya Matsuda, Kiyohide Fushimi, Yoshiya Tanaka
Summary: This study aims to investigate the short-term prognosis and incidence of cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events (C-CVE) associated with severe herpes zoster (HZ) in hospitalized patients. The results showed that age, underlying diseases, and the use of glucocorticoid were associated with poor short-term prognosis and increased risk of C-CVE onset. This study identified potential factors influencing the short-term mortality and onset of C-CVE in severe HZ patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gabriel Gimenez-Perez, Clara Vinals, Manel Mata-Cases, Bogdan Vlacho, Jordi Real, Josep Franch-Nadal, Emilio Ortega, Didac Mauricio
Summary: This study investigates the characteristics of first-ever cardiovascular events in patients with type 1 diabetes and reveals differences according to age and sex. The most frequent event overall is peripheral vascular disease, while heart failure is more common in women and in older age groups. Higher HbA1c levels are associated with incident CVD only in patients younger than 55/60 years.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Pil-Sung Yang, Eunsun Jang, Hee Tae Yu, Tae-Hoon Kim, Hui-Nam Pak, Moon-Hyoung Lee, Boyoung Joung
Summary: This study shows that in elderly and very elderly Asian populations, improvements in cardiovascular health status are associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease, but body mass index and total cholesterol are not sufficiently predictive of all-cause mortality.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jue Tao Lim, Wee Liang En, An Ting Tay, Deanette Pang, Calvin J. Chiew, Benjamin Ong, David Chien Boon Lye, Kelvin Bryan Tan
Summary: This study investigated the postacute risk and burden of cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and other thrombotic complications following SARS-CoV-2 infection in a highly vaccinated multiethnic Southeast Asian population. The results showed that individuals with COVID-19 had increased risk and burden of new-incident cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications compared to the control group. However, these risks were attenuated in vaccinated and boosted individuals. Conversely, risks and burdens of subsequent complications were higher in hospitalized and severe COVID-19 cases compared to nonhospitalized cases.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hokyou Lee, Yuichiro Yano, So Mi Jemma Cho, Hyeok-Hee Lee, Dong-Wook Kim, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Hyeon Chang Kim
Summary: Supplemental digital content is available within the text.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Dudenkov, Kristin C. Mara, Julie A. Maxson, Tom D. Thacher
Summary: The study found that concentrations of serum 25(OH)D below 20 ng/mL were associated with the development of cardiovascular disease, while concentrations higher than 50 ng/mL did not show significant association with cardiovascular disease.
JOURNAL OF STEROID BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Noemie Letellier, Sindana D. Ilango, Marion Mortamais, Christophe Tzourio, Audrey Gabelle, Jean-Philippe Empana, Cecilia Samieri, Claudine Berr, Tarik Benmarhnia
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the role of cardiovascular health (CVH) and vascular events in explaining socioeconomic inequalities in dementia risk, finding that the CVH score partially mediated the relationship between education or income and dementia. However, the indirect effects generated by considering vascular events as mediators were smaller and less precise.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
P. Molto-Balado, S. Reverte-Villarroya, C. Monclus-Arasa, M. T. Balado-Albiol, S. Baset-Martinez, J. Carot-Domenech, J. L. Clua-Espuny
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between atrial fibrillation (AF) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). The results showed that AF patients had a higher incidence of MACE, as well as a fourfold increase in the incidence of heart failure. Furthermore, AF was also associated with an increased risk of chronic kidney disease, ischemic cardiopathy, and peripheral artery disease.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kyoung Hwa Ha, Dae Jung Kim, Seung Jin Han
Summary: The study found that updated cardiovascular health metrics, including sleep health, are associated with the risk of diabetes and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in older adults with prediabetes. Ideal cardiovascular health metrics can lower the risk of diabetes and MACE in older adults aged 65-74 years.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Annamaria Mascolo, Cristina Scavone, Lucia Scisciola, Paolo Chiodini, Annalisa Capuano, Giuseppe Paolisso
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular outcomes in patients with T2DM. The results showed that SGLT2 inhibitors reduced the risk of stroke compared to DPP-4 inhibitors and non-SGLT2 inhibitors, and were also associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in all comparisons.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kwan Hong, Trishna Kisiju, Jeehyun Kim, Byung Chul Chun
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the likelihood of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular manifestations among patients with COVID-19-positive individuals in South Korea. The findings suggest that COVID-19 infection can be a significant risk factor for acute cardiovascular complications, such as ischemic heart disease, and acute cerebrovascular complications, such as cerebral infarction.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Brett L. Houston, Dean A. Fergusson, Jamie Falk, Robert Ariano, Donald S. Houston, Emily Krupka, Anna Blankstein, Iris Perelman, Rodney H. Breau, Daniel I. McIsaac, Emily Rimmer, Allan Garland, Alan Tinmouth, Robert Balshaw, Alexis F. Turgeon, Eric Jacobsohn, Eric Bohm, Ryan Zarychanski
Summary: The study found that TXA was most commonly used in primary total hip arthroplasty, with lower and more variable use in hip fracture and spine fusion surgery. Anesthesiologists and surgeons contributed significantly to the variability in TXA administration, but most of the variability was attributed to patient and other factors.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA-JOURNAL CANADIEN D ANESTHESIE
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Brett L. Houston, Dean A. Fergusson, Jamie Falk, Emily Krupka, Iris Perelman, Rodney H. Breau, Daniel I. McIsaac, Emily Rimmer, Donald S. Houston, Allan Garland, Robert E. Ariano, Alan Tinmouth, Robert Balshaw, Alexis F. Turgeon, Eric Jacobsohn, Ryan Zarychanski
Summary: Tranexamic acid (TXA) is mainly used in orthopaedic and spine surgeries in non-cardiac surgeries at high risk for transfusion, with low utilization in other surgical domains. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of TXA and to understand the barriers to its administration in a broad range of non-cardiac surgeries.
TRANSFUSION MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Hayley B. Gershengorn, David V. Pilcher, Edward Litton, Matthew Anstey, Allan Garland, Hannah Wunsch
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association of patient-to-intensivist ratio (PIR) with hospital mortality in Australia/New Zealand (ANZ) ICUs. The results showed that there was no association between PIR and mortality in both the narrow and broad cohorts.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Economics
Sung-Hee Jeon, Huju Liu, Yuri Ostrovsky
Summary: With the rapid growth of informal work, researchers are increasingly using administrative data to document changes in the size of the informal economy and understand the characteristics of freelancers, on-demand/platform workers, and other gig workers. This study introduces a method of identifying gig workers based on the reporting of work arrangements in the Canadian tax system and estimates the size of the gig economy in Canada using administrative data. The findings reveal an increase in the proportion of gig workers from 5.5% in 2005 to 8.2% in 2016, with gender differences and variations in educational and occupational backgrounds.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS-REVUE CANADIENNE D ECONOMIQUE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Allan Garland, Heather Keller, Patrick Quail, Veronique Boscart, Michelle Heyer, Clare Ramsey, Vanessa Vucea, Nora Choi, Ikdip Bains, Seema King, Tatiana Oshchepkova, Tatiana Kalashnikova, Brittany Kroetsch, Jessica Steer, George Heckman
Summary: The study aims to assess a comprehensive and person-centered approach to advance care planning. Implementing a structured discussion is effective in improving the comprehensiveness of advance care planning and may reduce unnecessary interventions at the end of life.
Article
Anesthesiology
Emily Rimmer, Allan Garland, Anand Kumar, Steve Doucette, Brett L. Houston, Chantalle E. Menard, Murdoch Leeies, Alexis F. Turgeon, Salah Mahmud, Donald S. Houston, Ryan Zarychanski
Summary: In this study, the trajectory of white blood cell count (WBC) in patients with septic shock was analyzed. It was found that different groups with distinct WBC trajectories could be identified, and a rising WBC trajectory was associated with higher mortality.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA-JOURNAL CANADIEN D ANESTHESIE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Hannah Wunsch, David V. Pilcher, Edward Litton, Matthew Anstey, Allan Garland, Hayley B. Gershengorn
Summary: This study found that the bed-to-physician ratios in ICU departments in Australia/New Zealand are lower than the bed-to-intensivist ratios. The ratios are relatively fixed and less than 3 for units taking care of patients with a higher average severity of illness.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Deepak Louis, Sapna Oberoi, M. Florencia Ricci, Christy Pylypjuk, Ruben Alvaro, Mary Seshia, Cecilia de Cabo, Diane Moddemann, Lisa M. Lix, Allan Garland, Chelsea A. Ruth
Summary: This study examines the association between prematurity and school readiness. The results suggest that in a population-based cohort, children born preterm had a lower school-readiness rate than children born full term, but this difference was not observed in the sibling cohort. Child and maternal factors were associated with lack of school readiness among this population-based cohort.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
M. Elizabeth Wilcox, Marietou Daou, Joanna C. Dionne, Peter Dodek, Marina Englesakis, Allan Garland, Claire Lauzon, Osama Loubani, Bram Rochwerg, Manu Shankar-Hari, Kednapa Thavorn, Andrea C. Tricco
Summary: This article introduces a scoping review study aimed at investigating the incidence of sepsis and identifying knowledge gaps. The study will use a systematic approach to search relevant databases and registries, screen and extract eligible studies, and present results according to specified reporting requirements. The results of this study will create an indexed and searchable electronic registry of sepsis incidence research and provide implications for policy, practice, and further research.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Deepak Louis, Sapna Oberoi, Florencia M. Ricci, Christy Pylypjuk, Ruben Alvaro, Mary Seshia, Cecilia de Cabo, Diane Moddemann, Monica Sirski, Lisa M. Lix, Allan Garland, Chelsea Anastasia Ruth
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between prematurity and grade 3 school performance, and found that preterm children had poorer numeracy and reading abilities. Additionally, gestational age, gender, small for gestational age, and maternal medical and sociodemographic factors were associated with school performance.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Deepak Louis, Hammam Akil, James M. M. Bolton, Fabiana Bacchini, Karen Netzel, Sapna Oberoi, Christy Pylypjuk, Lisa Flaten, Kristene Cheung, Lisa M. M. Lix, Chelsea Ruth, Allan Garland
Summary: There is no significant association between preterm delivery and incident maternal mental disorders in mothers in Canada. However, extreme prematurity is a risk factor for postpartum mental disorders, and targeted screening and support for this group may be beneficial.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PSYCHIATRIE
(2023)
Article
Economics
Sung-Hee Jeon, Jungwee Park, Dafna Kohen
Summary: This study examines the difference in lifetime earnings growth between individuals with childhood-onset disabilities (COD) and those without. The research utilizes a newly available database that links data from the 2017 Canadian Survey of Disability with individual income tax records spanning over 3 decades. The findings reveal that individuals with COD experience limited earnings growth in their mid-30s and 40s, while those without COD see steady earnings growth until their late 40s and early 50s. The largest earnings growth differences between individuals with and without COD are found among male university graduates.
Article
Gerontology
George A. Heckman, Veronique Boscart, Patrick Quail, Heather Keller, Clare Ramsey, Vanessa Vucea, Seema King, Ikdip Bains, Nora Choi, Allan Garland
Summary: Long term care (LTC) residents facing the end of life often experience unmet needs and unnecessary hospital transfers, highlighting the inadequacy of advance care planning (ACP). A workshop was conducted to identify shared barriers and solutions to improve ACP and end-of-life care for LTC residents, with the results informing the development of a standardized ACP intervention being evaluated in three Canadian provinces.
CANADIAN JOURNAL ON AGING-REVUE CANADIENNE DU VIEILLISSEMENT
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Barbara Haas, Sung-Hee Jeon, Michelle Rotermann, Michael Stepner, Randy Fransoo, Claudia Sanmartin, Hannah Wunsch, Damon C. Scales, Theodore J. Iwashyna, Allan Garland
Summary: A retrospective study in Canada found that severe traumatic injury had a significant impact on the employment and earnings of working-age adults, especially for those with lower pre-injury income.