Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xiaomeng You, Asha Rani, Ezgi Ozcan, Yang Lyu, David A. Sela
Summary: Human milk shapes the microbiota in the infant gut, and urea in milk may serve as a nitrogen source for the microbiota. Bifidobacterium infantis strains are capable of utilizing urea nitrogen and play a role in infant nutrition and development. Isotopically labeled urea nitrogen can be incorporated into microbial products for infant host utilization.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Yang-Yang Wu, Chun-Xing Cheng, Liu Yang, Quan-Qing Ye, Wen-Hong Li, Jiao-Yun Jiang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of high-temperature stress on the intestinal microbiome of Cipangopaludina cathayensis, and found that high temperature exposure significantly changed the microbiota structure. The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria decreased, while the abundance of pathogenic bacteria increased after thermal stress. In addition, high-temperature treatment inhibited carbohydrate metabolism pathways and induced disease-related pathways. These results provide insights into the mechanisms associated with the response of the intestinal microbiota to global warming in C. cathayensis.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Dong Han, Hongmin Zhen, Xiaoyan Liu, Justyna Zulewska, Zhennai Yang
Summary: This study used both rRNA and gDNA sequencing on mouse cecal contents and found differences in microbial composition and functional predictions between the two methods. rRNA-derived sequencing improved identification capability of specific microorganisms and was more suitable for functional predictions.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Patrick Mueller, Jacobo de la Cuesta-Zuluaga, Michael Kuhn, Maral Baghai Arassi, Tim Treis, Sonja Blasche, Michael Zimmermann, Peer Bork, Kiran Raosaheb Patil, Athanasios Typas, Sarela Garcia-Santamarina, Lisa Maier
Summary: The human gut microbiome plays a vital role in health, and disturbances in its composition are associated with various diseases. Small-molecule xenobiotics, such as drugs and chemical pollutants, can alter the gut microbiota and are recognized as one of the main factors affecting microbiome diversity. This article presents a high-throughput screening protocol that allows for the investigation of the inhibitory effects of hundreds of xenobiotics on anaerobic gut bacteria. The authors have developed an experimental setup and protocol that enables the testing of up to 5,000 compounds on a target gut species within 5 days under strict anaerobic conditions. The protocol can also be modified to test the effects of drugs on microbial communities obtained from stool samples. This protocol is expected to accelerate the study of interactions between small molecules and the gut microbiome, providing a deeper understanding of this microbial ecosystem and its relationship to human health.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olga V. Averina, Elena U. Poluektova, Mariya V. Marsova, Valery N. Danilenko
Summary: This review summarizes the research on the antioxidant properties of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria in the human gut microbiota, highlighting their mechanisms, genes, and biomarkers, and emphasizing their importance as a source of natural antioxidants.
Article
Ecology
Loreley Castelli, Belen Branchiccela, Hector Romero, Pablo Zunino, Karina Antunez
Summary: Honey bees play a crucial role in food production and biodiversity maintenance through pollination. They have different survival strategies in cold temperate regions and experience lifecycle alterations in tropical or subtropical climates. The gut microbiota of honey bees in subtropical colonies changes seasonally, with environmental variables impacting its composition.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Siruo Zhang, Lu Yuan, Huan Li, Lei Han, Wanghui Jing, Xiaokang Wu, Shakir Ullah, Ruina Liu, Yonghong Wu, Jiru Xu
Summary: This study investigated the interaction between endogenous metabolites and gut microbiota following simvastatin treatment. The results identified potential therapeutic targets for improving the hypolipidemic efficacy of simvastatin, including the phenylalanine and tyrosine-associated amino acid metabolism pathways and the linoleic acid and 9-HODE-associated unsaturated fatty acid metabolism pathways involved in gut flora interactions.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Chu Wan, Kaizhang Wu, Xingyu Lu, Fang Fang, Yaqian Li, Yumin Zhao, Shubo Li, Jie Gao
Summary: The study found that different culture media have varying effects on the bacterial community structure and metabolites, with the AMB medium being the most effective in maintaining a stable bacterial community structure and producing fewer metabolites and short-chain fatty acids. Culturing with AMB medium for 48 hours is considered the most suitable in vitro model for human gut microbiota fermentation, providing an alternative approach for diet and health research.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mahmoud M. Tawfick, Hualing Xie, Chao Zhao, Ping Shao, Mohamed A. Farag
Summary: Inulin has prebiotic effects by enhancing the growth and functionality of Bifidobacterium bacteria, influencing host gene expression and metabolism, and producing short-chain fatty acids through bacterial fermentation. It has potential preventive and therapeutic applications for various metabolic disorders, but may also have negative effects on the gastrointestinal system and worsen inflammatory bowel disease. Understanding the mechanisms of inulin's action is crucial for optimizing gut health and selecting appropriate treatment strategies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Wenbo Zhi, Kai Tang, Jinsong Yang, Tianshu Yang, Rong Chen, Jiaming Huang, Haisheng Tan, Jianguo Zhao, Zhanwu Sheng
Summary: This study investigates the composition and differences of gut microbiota in different segments of the intestinal tract of the Hainan Black Goat. The large intestine is found to have a greater variety and richness of intestinal microbiota compared to the small intestine. The phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Pseudomonadota are the dominant phyla in the gut of the Hainan Black Goat. The results contribute to our understanding of the species diversity of gut microbiota in different intestinal segments of Hainan Black Goat.
Article
Immunology
Jeffrey D. Galley, Lauren Mashburn-Warren, Lexie C. Blalock, Christian L. Lauber, Judith E. Carroll, Kharah M. Ross, Calvin Hobel, Mary Coussons-Read, Christine Dunkel Schetter, Tamar L. Gur
Summary: Uncovering the mechanisms of fetal programming during pregnancy is crucial for understanding long-term health outcomes in offspring. Maternal factors such as inflammation, stress, anxiety, and depression have been linked to abnormal neurodevelopment and can potentially disrupt the microbiome, which is important for normal brain development. This study examined the association between maternal stress, anxiety, depression, inflammatory cytokines, and the offspring microbiome in the first 13 months of life. The results showed that higher maternal anxiety and stress were associated with reduced microbial diversity and altered abundance of beneficial bacterial species in the offspring. This provides strong evidence for a potential mechanism by which maternal factors can impact offspring health through dysregulation of the microbiota.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Wenwen Liu, Qiang Wang, Jiajia Song, Jinwei Xin, Songshan Zhang, Yuanhua Lei, Yuanli Yang, Peng Xie, Huayi Suo
Summary: The study found that gut microbiota diversity and composition of yaks are influenced by geographical conditions. Alpha diversity was highest in Shangri-la samples, and significant differences were detected in the composition of the gut microbiota of yaks from different regions.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Sandra Wydau-Dematteis, Johanne Delannoy, Anne-Claire Teolis, Agnes Giuseppi, Florence Campeotto, Alexandre Lapillonne, Marie-Jose Butel, Julio Aires
Summary: The study investigates the dynamics of bifidobacterial population in the gut of preterm neonates at species and strain levels, showing variation within an individual and clone-related strains between twins.
Article
Microbiology
Mirjam Zund, Hans-Joachim Ruscheweyh, Christopher M. Field, Natalie Meyer, Miguelangel Cuenca, Daniel Hoces, Wolf-Dietrich Hardt, Shinichi Sunagawa
Summary: This study demonstrates the powerful approach of integrating experimental induction and bioinformatic analysis to accurately locate inducible prophages using high-throughput sequencing data and quantify their activity. The ability to generate such quantitative information will provide better insights into the factors determining phage activity and how prophage-bacteria interactions impact the microbiome and human health.
Review
Microbiology
Leonie Jane Kiely, Kizkitza Busca, Jonathan A. Lane, Douwe van Sinderen, Rita M. Hickey
Summary: The abundance of certain bacteria in the feces of breast-fed infants is due to their ability to metabolize human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs). HMOs are complex sugars that reach the infant's intestine intact and serve as a fermentable substrate for specific intestinal microbes. These microbes possess the genes and enzymes necessary for HMO degradation. The degraded HMOs can also be utilized by other gut bacteria.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2023)
