Article
Microbiology
P. M. C. Klein Klouwenberg, W. van der Kuil, A. J. van Griethuysen, M. Hendriks, E. J. Kuijper, D. W. Notermans, A. F. Schoffelen, ISIS AR Study Grp
Summary: Using data from the Dutch national surveillance system for antimicrobial resistance, this study found discrepancies in minimum inhibitory concentrations of aminoglycosides measured by the automated testing systems VITEK2 and Phoenix. The Phoenix system showed higher MICs and an annual increase in resistance for certain species. These findings have implications for the clinical treatment of sepsis patients.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yoon-Young Kim, Jin-Soo Kim, Jeong-Hwan Che, Seung-Yup Ku, Byeong-Cheol Kang, Jun-Won Yun
Summary: Immunodeficient animal models serve as valuable tools for stem cell research, with different gene defects resulting in a variety of phenotypes. Selecting the most appropriate immunodeficient strain, target gene, and animal species based on research type, mutant gene effects, and similarity to human immunological features is crucial for guiding researchers in stem cell research.
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
A. Zhang, N. Ye, W. Aregawi, L. Zhang, M. Salah, B. VanHeel, H. P. Chew, A. S. L. Fok
Summary: The oral cavity presents severe conditions that lead to degradation and failure of dental restorations, with major modes of failure being secondary caries and fracture of the tooth or restoration. Laboratory studies using simplified models provide fundamental understanding on the failure mechanism, with different types of models having their own characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. The tooth-restoration interface is considered the weakest link in resin composite restorations, and calibration with clinical data is necessary for representative and predictive in vitro models.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vladimir V. Chrishtop, Artur Y. Prilepskii, Varvara G. Nikonorova, Vladimir A. Mironov
Summary: Nanotoxicological studies often encounter a paradox where nanoparticles can be retained in cells for a long time without causing significant toxic effects, but age-related processes and diseases can change distribution routes and make the use of nanomaterial unsafe. Current research on nanotoxicity in animals models with chronic diseases is unsystematic, despite demonstrating new toxic effects that are not present in healthy animals.
Article
Immunology
Na Rong, Jiangning Liu
Summary: Outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases pose a serious threat to public health security, human health, and economic development. An urgent need for an animal model that is susceptible to human pathogens arises after an outbreak. This article summarizes technologies and methods to induce animal susceptibility to human pathogens, analyzes the advantages and deficiencies of animal models developed using each method, and guides the selection of susceptible animals, potentially reducing the time needed to develop animal models during epidemics.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Matthew H. McDonough, Sophie L. Stocker, Tod E. Kippin, Wendy Meiring, Kevin W. Plaxco
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the ability of high-time resolution electrochemical aptamer-based (EAB) sensor measurements to describe time-varying pharmacokinetic models and investigate the impact of physiological changes on drug pharmacokinetics. The results showed that a modified one-compartment model was preferred over the standard two-compartment model for half of the datasets, and the time-varying model was statistically preferred over the standard one-compartment model for 80% of the datasets when the impact of the drug's rapid distribution phase was reduced.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Katherine Miranda-Cadena, Cristina Marcos-Arias, Estibaliz Mateo, Jose Manuel Aguirre-Urizar, Guillermo Quindos, Elena Eraso
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of three phytocompounds on Candida planktonic and sessile cells, with cinnamaldehyde being the most active in inhibiting biofilm adhesion, while carvacrol and thymol significantly reduced both mature biofilm biomass and metabolic activity. These results highlight the potential of cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and thymol as promising alternatives for candidiasis treatment and emphasize the need for further research on their safety, toxicity, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Luan P. Hatt, Keith Thompson, Jill A. Helms, Martin J. Stoddart, Angela R. Armiento
Summary: Bone tissue engineering has potential for regenerating craniomaxillofacial bones, and 3D printing is a suitable method for creating personalized implants. However, the current clinical implementation of tissue engineering concepts in this field is poor, mainly due to the complexity of the anatomy and biology in the craniomaxillofacial region, as well as the limited relevance of preclinical animal models. There is a lack of appropriate guidelines and standards to address specific craniomaxillofacial pathologies and test the efficacy of biomaterials or tissue engineered constructs. Therefore, it is important to consider critical research aspects in order to develop clinically driven tissue engineered materials for craniomaxillofacial reconstruction.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Micheska Epola Dibamba Ndanga, Jabar Babatunde Pacome Achimi Agbo Abdul, Jean Ronald Edoa, Guy Arnault Rogue Mfoumbi Ibinda, Bayode Romeo Adegbite, Rhett Chester Mevyann, Christopher Mebiame Biyogho, Jocelyn Mahoumbou, Stredice Manguinga, Nina Mbenga Roguet, Bertrand Lell, Peter Gottfried Kremsner, Abraham Sunday Alabi, Martin Peter Grobusch, Ayola Akim Adegnika
Summary: This study aimed to determine the frequency of NTM species and their genotypic susceptibility pattern to commonly used antibiotics in Gabon. The study found that MAC and MABC were the predominant species among the NTM isolates. All MAC isolates were fully susceptible to macrolides and aminoglycosides, while some MABC isolates showed reduced susceptibility.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Gina A. Suh, Robin Patel
Summary: Phage therapy has gained renewed interest due to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance and biofilm-associated infections. However, its clinical success has been inconsistent due to various challenges, including narrow host range, difficulties in concentrating phages at the infection site, bacterial resistance to phages, and immune neutralization. Standardization of diagnostic assays and further understanding of their clinical application are needed.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yajuan Su, Jaime T. Yrastorza, Mitchell Matis, Jenna Cusick, Siwei Zhao, Guangshun Wang, Jingwei Xie
Summary: This review article discusses the threat of biofilms to human health, explores the mechanisms of biofilm formation and treatment strategies, and summarizes established biofilm models used in research. Furthermore, it discusses potential targets for the development of new strategies to combat biofilms and presents the latest technologies for the prevention and treatment of biofilms. The article concludes by pointing out directions for future studies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ann Nguyen, Arash Yahyazadeh W. Shourabi, Mohammad Yaghoobi, Shiying Zhang, Kenneth Simpson, Alireza Abbaspourrad
Summary: Physicochemical conditions are important in the development of biofilm removal strategies. This study presents a microfluidic chip that can screen the combined effect of antibiotic concentration and fluid shear stress (FSS) on biofilms in real-time. The chip allows for simultaneous investigation of 12 combinations of concentration and FSS on biofilms. The study found that the effectiveness of biofilm removal depends on the bacterial species and the environment.
Review
Microbiology
Anthi-Marina Markantonatou, Konstantinos Samaras, Timoleon-Achilleas Vyzantiadis
Summary: Microbes can form biofilms as a protective mechanism against external agents, including antifungals, leading to treatment failure and recurrent infections. Evaluating the inhibition or eradication ability of biofilm formation can help assess susceptibility and develop effective treatment methods.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Cyprien G. J. Guerrin, Janine Doorduin, Iris E. Sommer, Erik F. J. de Vries
Summary: Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder with a complex etiology involving genetic and environmental factors. Animal studies suggest that early environmental risk factors can impact various neurobiological systems, increasing susceptibility to other risks later in life. A second insult, like social isolation or stress, can further disrupt these systems and lead to behavioral abnormalities.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Rodrigo Delgadillo, Sofia Monsalve
Summary: Thirteen hot asphalt mixtures were tested for fatigue in a four-point beam configuration, with results analyzed using the MEPDG fatigue model. The study found that the degree of modification in the binder significantly affected fatigue life, with PMB mixtures showing higher fatigue lives compared to UB mixtures. Calibration of the MEPDG fatigue model parameters led to low prediction accuracy, but including binders' thermal susceptibility as an additional variable improved prediction accuracy significantly.
ROAD MATERIALS AND PAVEMENT DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Thijs M. van Soest, Maria Birgitte Sondermolle, Matthijs C. Brouwer, Nora Chekrouni, Anders Rhod Larsen, Andreas Petersen, Nina M. van Sorge, Henrik Nielsen, Diederik van de Beek, Jacob Bodilsen, D. A. S. G. I. B. study group DASGIB study group
Summary: This study assessed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus meningitis from Denmark and the Netherlands. The results showed that community-acquired S. aureus meningitis mainly occurred in patients with concurrent endocarditis or spondylodiscitis, and had a high case fatality rate.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Dennis Christensen, Charlotta Polacek, Daniel J. Sheward, Leo Hanke, Gerald McInerney, Ben Murrell, Katrine Top Hartmann, Henrik Elvang Jensen, Julie Zimmermann, Gregers Jungersen, Kristin Engelhart Illigen, Louise Krag Isling, Carlota Fernandez-Antunez, Santseharay Ramirez, Jens Bukh, Gabriel Kristian Pedersen
Summary: In this study, the SARS-CoV-2 HexaPro spike protein formulated in Alhydrogel was evaluated in Syrian hamsters. Both the accelerated two dose regimen and standard regimen induced similar antibody responses, but low virus neutralization was observed. However, the accelerated regimen provided reduction in viral load and protected against lung pathology upon challenge with homologous SARS-CoV-2 virus.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Offersgaard, Carlos Rene Duarte Hernandez, Shan Feng, Pavel Marichal-Gallardo, Kenn Holmbeck, Anne Finne Pihl, Carlota Fernandez-Antunez, Garazi Pena Alzua, Katrine Top Hartmann, Long V. Pham, Yuyong Zhou, Karen Anbro Gammeltoft, Ulrik Fahnoe, Uffe Vest Schneider, Gabriel Kristian Pedersen, Henrik Elvang Jensen, Jan Pravsgaard Christensen, Santseharay Ramirez, Jens Bukh, Judith Margarete Gottwein
Summary: Vaccines have played a crucial role in reducing the burden of COVID-19, but issues such as limited accessibility and waning immunity continue to pose challenges. In this study, researchers developed an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine using a scalable bioreactor and adjuvanted it with AddaVax. The vaccine showed promising results in mice and hamsters, providing protection against disease and lung pathology. However, the neutralizing efficiency of the vaccine varied for different variants, suggesting the need for further research and development.
Article
Microbiology
Eva Armengol, Kasper Norskov Kragh, Tim Tolker-Nielsen, Josep M. Sierra, Doaa Higazy, Oana Ciofu, Miguel Vinas, Niels Hoiby
Summary: The combination of colistin and rifampicin has been found to effectively kill colistin-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, suggesting it as a promising treatment for infections caused by this strain.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Louise Kruse Jensen, Julie Melsted Birch, Henrik Elvang Jensen, Klaus Kirketerp-Moller, Hans Gottlieb
Summary: This study confirmed the clinical relevance of bacterial invasion of the submicron osteocyte lacuna-canaliculi network (OLCN) in bone tissue by examining biopsy samples from two chronic osteomyelitis patients and analyzing the microbiology. Both Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis were found within the OLCN of all four patients, indicating that bacterial OLCN invasion is an important aspect of osteomyelitis disease biology. Microscopy pictures of the patients provided visual evidence of this phenomenon.
Article
Dermatology
Anne -Sofie Halling, Blaine Gabriel Fritz, Trine Gerner, Maria Rasmussen Rinnov, Lene Bay, Mette Hjorslev Knudgaard, Nina Haarup Ravn, Simon Trautner, Iben Frier Ruge, Caroline Olesen, Isabel Diiaz-Pinees Cort, Lone Skov, Nikolaj Sorensen, Amalie Thorsti Moller Ronnstad, Simon F. Thomsen, Alexander Egeberg, Ivone Jakasa, Sanja Kezic, Thomas Bjarnsholt, Jacob P. Thyssen
Summary: This study examined the association between alterations in the skin microbiome and the risk of atopic dermatitis (AD) in a Danish birth cohort. While no overall association was found, the study showed that lower alpha diversity in the skin microbiome at 2 months of age was associated with an increased risk of AD, particularly in children with parents who have atopy.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Katrin Beilharz, Kasper Norskov Kragh, Blaine Fritz, Julius B. Kirkegaard, Tim Tolker-Nielsen, Thomas Bjarnsholt, Mads Lichtenberg
Summary: This protocol presents a method for assessing the metabolic activity of bacterial populations using isothermal calorimetry. It includes steps for preparing different growth models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and performing continuous metabolic activity measurements. The protocol also uses principal component analysis and probabilistic logistic classification to differentiate between metabolic states of different populations and assess resemblance to wild-type bacteria. This fine-scale metabolic measurement method can contribute to the understanding of microbial physiology.
Article
Microbiology
Christopher J. Barnes, Maria Asplund, Maja-Lisa Clausen, Linett Rasmussen, Caroline Meyer Olesen, Yasemin Topal Yuksel, Paal Skytt Andersen, Thomas Litman, Kim Holmstrom, Lene Bay, Blaine Gabriel Fritz, Thomas Bjarnsholt, Tove Agner, Anders Johannes Hansen
Summary: Considerable research has been done on understanding the healthy skin microbiome and the role of specific microbes in skin disorders. This study used sampling techniques to investigate the bacterial communities on the epidermal surface and within the stratum corneum of atopic dermatitis patients and healthy controls. The results showed variations in bacterial richness at different layers of the skin, suggesting that sampling strategies can be tailored based on the research hypothesis. It was also observed that significant community variation between atopic dermatitis patients and healthy controls was only observable at the epidermal surface, but individual taxa consistently differed with atopic dermatitis status throughout the entire epidermis.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Torgny Sunnerhagen, Franziska Schwartz, Lars Christophersen, Thomas Bjarnsholt, Klaus Qvortrup, Nikolaj Eldrup, Katja Vogt, Claus Moser
Summary: This study examines whether Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus form biofilm on EVAR prostheses. The results show that bacteria can rapidly adhere to and form antibiotic-tolerant biofilms on EVAR graft material.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mikkel Illemann Johansen, Soren Jensen Rahbek, Soren Jensen-Fangel, Gabriel Antonio S. Minero, Louise Kruse Jensen, Ole Halfdan Larsen, Lise Tornvig Erikstrup, Anders Marthinsen Seefeldt, Lars J. Ostergaard, Rikke Louise J. Meyer, Nis Pedersen J. Jorgensen
Summary: We developed a rat model of prosthetic vascular graft infection and evaluated whether tPA could enhance antibiotic therapy. The combination of vancomycin and rifampicin was more effective than vancomycin monotherapy, while the addition of tPA did not significantly reduce bacterial load or increase cure rate.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Esben Ostergaard Eriksen, Egle Kudirkiene, Kristiane Barington, Nicole Bakkegard Goecke, Sophie Amalie Blirup-Plum, Jens Peter Nielsen, John Elmerdahl Olsen, Henrik Elvang Jensen, Karen Pankoke, Lars Erik Larsen, Gang Liu, Ken Steen Pedersen
Summary: This study investigated the clinical presentation of porcine post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in Danish pig herds not using medicinal zinc. The results showed that diarrhea was associated with dehydration and altered body temperature. Various microorganisms were found to be associated with PWD, but fecal pH measurements were not able to differentiate between different etiologies of PWD.
PORCINE HEALTH MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kristian Staerk, Louise Kruse Jensen, Thomas Emil Andersen
Summary: Urinary tract infection is a common and challenging disease to diagnose in pigs. In this study, two commercial urine dipstick tests were evaluated for their diagnostic value in an experimental model of Escherichia coli UTI. The results showed that positive dipstick tests for blood, leucocytes, and nitrite were highly specific for E. coli UTI, with a 100% positive predictive value.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sophie Amalie Blirup-Plum, Henrik Elvang Jensen, Soren Saxmose Nielsen, Karen Pankoke, Mette Sif Hansen, Ken Steen Pedersen, Esben Ostergaard Eriksen, Jens Peter Nielsen, John Elmerdahl Olsen, Egle Kudirkiene, Lars Erik Larsen, Nicole Bakkegard Goecke, Kristiane Barington
Summary: This study investigated the associations between pathological manifestations and pathogens in pigs with and without post-weaning diarrhoea (PWD). The results showed that most of the pigs had gastric lesions, but gastric ulcers were less common in PWD pigs compared to pigs without PWD. Abnormal content in the colon was associated with PWD. No apparent associations were found between lesions and the various pathogens or a combination of these.
ACTA VETERINARIA SCANDINAVICA
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Kendra P. Rumbaugh, Thomas Bjarnsholt
Summary: This article traces the historical development of biofilms and their significance in infections, discusses the importance and challenges of in vivo biofilm research, and summarizes the current understanding and knowledge gaps in biofilm infections.