Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Flavia Roberta Monteiro Souza, Giovanna Melo Martins Silva, Cesar Orlando Munoz Cadavid, Lucas dos Santos Lisboa, Maylla Maria Correia Leite Silva, Weslley Souza Paiva, Marcelo Jose Pena Ferreira, Riva de Paula Oliveira, Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha
Summary: Obesity is a global health issue related to oxidative stress. The Brazilian folk medicine B. trimera is used for obesity treatment. The leaf extract of B. trimera showed antioxidant activity and anti-obesity effects, without toxicity to cells and C. elegans.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Martina S. Savova, Monika N. Todorova, Apostol G. Apostolov, Galina T. Yahubyan, Milen I. Georgiev
Summary: Obesity is a multifactorial health problem that requires innovative treatment strategies. This study focuses on betulinic acid (BA), a phytochemical known for its anti-inflammatory and anti-neoplastic properties. The research shows that BA can effectively reduce lipid accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans and modulate genes, transcription factors, and microRNAs associated with lipid metabolism. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanism of BA's anti-obesogenic effect and validate its potential as a candidate compound in obesity management.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vanessa Rosa Retamoso, Fernanda Barbisan, Graziele Meira Moro, Patricia Maurer, Debora Vasquez Rubio, Lauren Flores Viera dos Santos, Lyana Berro Feijoo, Matias Nunes Frizzo, Ivana Beatrice Manica da Cruz, Vanusa Manfredini, Ana Leticia Vargas Barcelos, Jacqueline da Costa Escobar Piccoli
Summary: This study evaluates the effect of the BsmI single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the VDR gene on the expression of VDR, SOD2, and CYP24A1 genes in individuals with low serum vitamin D levels. The results show that the BsmI SNP of the VDR gene leads to overexpression of the CYP24A1 gene and low expression of the SOD2 gene. Therefore, the BsmI SNP of the VDR gene can modulate gene expression without interfering with serum vitamin D levels.
Article
Cell Biology
Lei Sang, Rui Dong, Rui Liu, Qinggang Hao, Weiyu Bai, Jianwei Sun
Summary: Our study reveals that NHR-14/HNF4 alpha cooperates with CEP-1/p53 to regulate DNA damage-induced apoptosis.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2022)
Review
Toxicology
Sharoen Yu Ming Lim, Mustafa Alshagga, Cin Kong, Mohammed Abdullah Alshawsh, Salah AbdulRazak Alshehade, Yan Pan
Summary: This review provides an overview of CYP35 genes in C. elegans and their roles in various biological processes, as well as the influence of biological processes, exposure to xenobiotics, and changes in diet and environment on the upregulation or downregulation of cyp35 genes. Further research on CYP35 genes, the closest homologs of the largest family of human CYPs (CYP2), may lead to the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies and the successful treatment of obesity, cancers, and cyp35 gene-related diseases.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hang Yu, Meiqi Song, Keqi Hu, Yujian Wang, Ruifang Fan, Zongying Yang, Hansruedi Glatt, Albert Braeuning, Yungang Liu
Summary: Bisphenol compounds may increase the genotoxic effects of metabolically activated carcinogens by modulating the expression of nuclear receptors and xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in human liver cancer cells, potentially aggravating chromosome damage caused by impactful carcinogens in human cells.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Khursheed A. Wani, Debanjan Goswamy, Stefan Taubert, Ramesh Ratnappan, Arjumand Ghazi, Javier E. Irazoqui
Summary: The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans mounts infection-specific transcriptional defense responses against Staphylococcus aureus, which are mainly regulated by hlh-30/TFEB. The study identified FMOs as important innate immunity effectors in animals, specifically the first FMO with innate immunity functions, and revealed the mechanism of FMO regulation through NHR-49/PPAR-alpha during S. aureus infection.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Natthaporn Kuendee, Alisa Naladta, Thitianan Kulsirirat, Thunyatorn Yimsoo, Werayut Yingmema, Kanoktip Pansuksan, Korbtham Sathirakul, Sophida Sukprasert
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Lysiphyllum strychnifolium extracts on the gene expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes in rats. The results showed that different doses of the extracts can modulate the mRNA expression levels of clinically relevant CYP genes, and gender also plays a role in gene expression. These findings provide valuable information for the practical use of Lysiphyllum strychnifolium extracts in humans.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Fabio Bachmann, Urs Duthaler, Stephan Krahenbuhl
Summary: This study investigated the effect of deglucuronidation on the plasma concentration of the constituents of the Basel phenotyping cocktail. The results showed that deglucuronidation of plasma samples improves the stability of phenotyping results and is necessary to reliably detect CYP induction.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ragini D. D. Singh, Avadhesh Avadhesh, Gaurav Sharma, Sagar Dholariya, Rima B. B. Shah, Bela Goyal, Subash Chandra Gupta
Summary: Targeted cancer therapy using CYP as drug target has shown promise, but there are still challenges including drug resistance and limited therapeutic index. Recent advances in molecular tools and structure-activity relationship understanding have helped in the development of CYP-based drugs with better efficacy. Future directions involve the development of more selective tools to understand molecular alterations and develop specific CYP inhibitors/inducers.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hang Yu, Yungang Liu
Summary: Bisphenol compounds are significant environmental pollutants and disruptors of the endocrine system. This study suggests that combined and extended exposure to these compounds can enhance their genotoxicity, specifically promoting the formation of aneuploid chromosomes.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Toxicology
Slobodan P. Rendic, F. Peter Guengerich
Summary: This overview discusses the metabolic activation of various compounds by cytochrome P450 enzymes, with a focus on bioactivation reactions. The study identifies a higher level of activation for general chemicals, drugs, and natural products compared to physiological compounds. Enzymes such as P450 3A4, 1A2, 2E1, and 1A1 are highlighted for their roles in catalyzing the formation of activated metabolites from different compound groups.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Pramesti Istiandari, Shuhei Yasumoto, Pisanee Srisawat, Keita Tamura, Ayaka Chikugo, Hideyuki Suzuki, Hikaru Seki, Ery Odette Fukushima, Toshiya Muranaka
Summary: Research reveals that different plant CPR classes have varied effects on triterpenoid production when co-expressed with different CYP classes. Co-expression of these genes in yeast can lead to higher yields and more valuable compounds.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
James Matthew Ragle, Kayleigh N. Morrison, An A. Vo, Zoe E. Johnson, Javier Hernandez Lopez, Andreas Rechtsteiner, Diane C. Shakes, Jordan D. Ward
Summary: Spermatogenesis is a crucial process in the development of male reproductive cells, and a recent study has identified the nuclear hormone receptor transcription factor NHR-23 as a key player in promoting this process. NHR-23, along with another transcription factor SPE-44, regulates different sets of genes involved in spermatogenesis. This study provides mechanistic insights into the role of NHR-23 in spermatogenesis and sheds light on the genetic interaction between nhr-23 and spe-44.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xu Wang, Jingjing Fa, Yuanjin Zhang, Shengbo Huang, Jie Liu, Junqing Gao, Lina Xing, Zongjun Liu, Xin Wang
Summary: There is a potential interaction between Danshen tablet and rivaroxaban as the former inhibits the metabolism of the latter. This may be due to the strong inhibitory effects of Danshen tablet's components, particularly dihydrotanshinone I, on CYP enzymes. Therefore, drug monitoring and dosage adjustment are necessary when Danshen tablet and rivaroxaban are used simultaneously in clinical practice.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura M. Jones, Sebastian Eves-van den Akker, Patricija van-Oosten Hawle, Howard J. Atkinson, Peter E. Urwin
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2018)
Article
Plant Sciences
Christopher A. Bell, Howard J. Atkinson, Alan C. Andrade, Hoa X. Nguyen, I. Gede Swibawa, Catherine J. Lilley, James McCarthy, P. E. Urwin
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Catherine J. Lilley, Abbas Maqbool, Duqing Wu, Hazijah B. Yusup, Laura M. Jones, Paul R. J. Birch, Mark J. Banfield, Peter E. Urwin, Sebastian Eves-van den Akker
Article
Microbiology
Christopher A. Bell, Catherine J. Lilley, James McCarthy, Howard J. Atkinson, P. E. Urwin
Article
Microbiology
Anna Crisford, Fernando Calahorro, Elizabeth Ludlow, Jessica M. C. Marvin, Jennifer K. Hibbard, Catherine J. Lilley, James Kearn, Francesca Keefe, Peter Johnson, Rachael Harmer, Peter E. Urwin, Vincent O'Connor, Lindy Holden-Dye
Review
Ecology
Christopher A. Bell, Emily Magkourilou, Peter E. Urwin, Katie J. Field
Summary: Plants interact with multiple above- and below-ground organisms simultaneously, with their symbiotic relationships ranging from mutualism to parasitism. Competition between different symbionts for host plant resources may heavily influence resource allocation, highlighting the need for a more holistic understanding of below-ground interactions. By applying isotope tracing and nutrient budgeting methods, as well as conducting experiments involving multiple plant hosts connected by common mycelial networks, it may be possible to reveal the impact of competing symbionts on carbon and nutrient flows at ecologically important scales.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Christopher A. Bell, Josephine Namaganda, Peter E. Urwin, Howard J. Atkinson
Summary: The soil nematodes in Ugandan banana plantations are diverse, and their population numbers are influenced by the host plant.
APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Ann-Kristin Koehler, Christopher A. Bell, Matthew A. Back, Peter E. Urwin, Howard J. Atkinson
Summary: This article investigates the most damaging pest of potatoes in the UK, Globodera pallida, and proposes an improved web-based scenario analysis tool for its management. The study finds that spring rainfall in the planting region and cultivar tolerance influence yield loss. Additionally, cultivar tolerance for potatoes is difficult to define but can be replaced with determinacy integers to avoid uncertainty.
Article
Plant Sciences
Christopher A. Bell, Emily Magkourilou, P. E. Urwin, Katie J. Field
Summary: This study examined the allocation of nutrients and host resources in potato plants with and without arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and potato cyst nematodes (PCN). The presence of PCN disrupted nutrient exchange between plants and AMF, but AMF still maintained nutrient transfer in PCN-infected potato. This study provides important insights into the belowground dynamics of plant-AMF symbioses and highlights the potential oversight of considering the simultaneous benefits conferred by AMF to hosts and their parasites in plant community dynamics.
Article
Soil Science
Christopher A. Bell, Emily Magkourilou, Katie J. Field, P. E. Urwin
Summary: Crop species host a variety of symbiotic organisms in the soil, including parasitic potato cyst nematodes (PCN) and mutualistic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The order of their arrival affects the fitness of the host and other symbionts.
APPLIED SOIL ECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Christopher A. Bell, Emily Magkourilou, Helen Barker, Anthony Barker, Peter E. Urwin, Katie J. Field
Summary: Plant-parasitic nematodes are a major threat to crop production and food security. Existing control methods have adverse environmental impacts. Application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) increases host tolerance to these parasites, but the benefits decrease with increasing parasite burden. This research provides insights into the application of AMF inocula in agricultural systems.
PLANTS PEOPLE PLANET
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
C. Lilley, L. M. Jones, A. Maqbool, M. J. Banfield, P. R. J. Birch, J. T. Jones, P. E. Urwin, S. Eves-Van den Akker
MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
A. Casey, P. E. Urwin, J. Mccarthy
MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
S. Clough, P. E. Urwin, V. Friman
MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
A. Hayes, J. Denecke, P. E. Urwin
MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
(2019)
