Review
Veterinary Sciences
Kristin M. Zersen
Summary: The primary goals of PEEP are to restore functional residual capacity and prevent alveolar collapse, improving oxygenation and reducing the risk of VILI. Multiple techniques, including PEEP tables, compliance, DP, SI, transpulmonary pressures, imaging, and electrical impedance tomography, have been suggested for setting the optimal PEEP. However, there is currently no recommended technique above all others.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Martin Scharffenberg, Maura Mandelli, Thomas Bluth, Francesca Simonassi, Jakob Wittenstein, Robert Teichmann, Katharina Birr, Thomas Kiss, Lorenzo Ball, Paolo Pelosi, Marcus J. Schultz, Marcelo Gama de Abreu, Robert Huhle
Summary: The study aimed to examine the impact of low or high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recruitment manoeuvres (RM) on intra-tidal recruitment/derecruitment and overdistension in obese patients. The results showed that higher PEEP and RM reduced intra-tidal recruitment/derecruitment, driving pressure, elastance, resistance, and mechanical power.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ANESTHESIA
(2024)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Tommaso Pettenuzzo, Annalisa Boscolo, Alessandro De Cassai, Nicolo Sella, Francesco Zarantonello, Paolo Persona, Laura Pasin, Giovanni Landoni, Paolo Navalesi
Summary: The study found that for ICU patients not suffering from ARDS, the use of higher positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was not significantly associated with hospital mortality compared to lower PEEP. However, it was associated with improved oxygenation, higher respiratory system compliance, and reduced risk of hypoxemia and ARDS.
Article
Physiology
Alberto Giardina, Danilo Cardim, Pietro Ciliberti, Denise Battaglini, Lorenzo Ball, Magdalena Kasprowicz, Erta Beqiri, Peter Smielewski, Marek Czosnyka, Shirin Frisvold, Matjaz Groznik, Paolo Pelosi, Chiara Robba
Summary: This study aims to assess the effect of increasing positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on cerebral autoregulation in brain injured patients. The results showed that increasing PEEP did not worsen cerebral autoregulation and did not require clinical intervention.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Marcela L. Machado, Joao H. N. Soares, Bruno H. Pypendop, Antonio J. A. Aguiar, Christina Braun, Gabriel C. Motta-Ribeiro, Frederico C. Jandre
Summary: In cats under anesthesia with isoflurane and mechanical ventilation for 3 hours, all levels of PEEP had mild improvements in gas exchange with higher levels causing more cardiovascular depression. Dopamine was effective in treating low blood pressure in some cases.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Chiara Robba, Lorenzo Ball, Denise Battaglini, Francesca Iannuzzi, Iole Brunetti, Pietro Fiaschi, Gianluigi Zona, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Antonio Messina, Silvia Mongodi, Paolo Pelosi
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) on lung ultrasound patterns and intracranial pressure (ICP) in brain injured patients. The results showed that increasing PEEP can reduce lung ultrasound scores in the posterior regions and is correlated with changes in respiratory mechanics and clinical variables.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Alessandro Protti, Alessandro Santini, Francesca Pennati, Chiara Chiurazzi, Massimo Cressoni, Michele Ferrari, Giacomo E. Iapichino, Luca Carenzo, Ezio Lanza, Giorgio Picardo, Pietro Caironi, Andrea Aliverti, Maurizio Cecconi
Summary: Patients with early ARDS due to COVID-19 have a large potential for lung recruitment, but their compliance and Pa-CO2 may not improve with higher PEEP, possibly due to hyperinflation.
Article
Physiology
Chiara Robba, Lorenzo Ball, Stefano Nogas, Denise Battaglini, Antonio Messina, Iole Brunetti, Giuseppe Minetti, Lucio Castellan, Patricia R. M. Rocco, Paolo Pelosi
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effects of PEEP augmentation on respiratory mechanics, lung CT findings, and ICP in acute brain-injured patients. The main factors associated with increased ICP after PEEP augmentation included reduced Crs, lower MAP, lung recruitment, and increased PaCO2. However, none of these factors was able to predict, at baseline, the ICP response to PEEP.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Anesthesiology
Andres Zorrilla-Vaca, Michael C. Grant, Richard D. Urman, Gyorgy Frendl
Summary: This meta-analysis investigates the impact of individualised positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) vs fixed PEEP during abdominal surgery on postoperative pulmonary outcomes. The results show that individualised PEEP reduces the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications, improves oxygenation, and reduces systemic inflammation.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2022)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Luis Schulz, Antony Stewart, William O'Regan, Peter McCanny, Danielle Austin, Magnus Hallback, Mats Wallin, Anders Aneman
Summary: This study reveals that increased positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) can improve oxygenation in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure, and this improvement is correlated with the increase in end-expiratory lung volume and pulmonary perfusion.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Christelle Soule, Laure Crognier, Floriane Puel, Stephanie Ruiz, Thierry Seguin, Olivier Fourcade, Bernard Georges, Jean-Marie Conil, Vincent Minville, Fanny Vardon-Bounes
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the ability of electrical impedance tomography to assist physicians in selecting the optimal positive end-expiratory pressure in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation treated patients. The results showed that the impedance tomography data correlated well with the positive end-expiratory pressure selected based on respiratory parameters by physicians. However, high intrathoracic pressure had a negative impact on hemodynamic and cardiac tolerances.
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jing Zhou, Zhimin Lin, Xiumei Deng, Baiyun Liu, Yu Zhang, Yongxin Zheng, Haichong Zheng, Yingzhi Wang, Yan Lai, Weixiang Huang, Xiaoqing Liu, Weiqun He, Yuanda Xu, Yimin Li, Yongbo Huang, Ling Sang
Summary: In mechanically ventilated patients without ARDS, higher PEEP was associated with significantly higher PaO2/FiO2 ratio and increased incidence of pneumothorax. However, no significant differences were observed among the four levels of PEEP in terms of other outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Saida Rezaiguia-Delclaux, Leo Ren, Aurelie Gruner, Calypso Roman, Thibaut Genty, Francois Stephan
Summary: The aim of this study is to compare the effects of driving pressure and PaO2/FiO2 ratio in determining the best PEEP level. The results show that the best PEEP level varies depending on the method chosen, but it is unclear which method is superior in terms of patient outcomes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kunming Cheng, Wanqing Li, Yanqiu Lu, Haiyang Wu, Jianxin Zhou
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of modified high-flow oxygen therapy on end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in tracheotomized patients with normal pulmonary, acute hypoxic respiratory failure (AHRF) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The results showed that as the flow rate increased, the PEEP values in all groups showed an exponential increasing trend, and the EELV also increased accordingly. In addition, the PEEP values of the modified high-flow oxygen therapies were significantly higher than those of the standard high-flow oxygen therapy.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Monica Rodrigues da Cruz, Luciana Moises Camilo, Tiago Batista da Costa Xavier, Gabriel Casulari da Motta Ribeiro, Denise Machado Medeiros, Luis Felipe da Fonseca Reis, Bruno Leonardo da Silva Guimaraes, Andre Miguel Japiassu, Alysson Roncally Silva Carvalho
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between airway driving pressure (dP(aw)) and positive-end expiratory pressure (PEEP) in ARDS patients with COVID-19. The majority of patients exhibited a J-shaped curve, while a smaller proportion had a U-shaped or inverted J-shaped curve. Patients with inverted J-shaped curves had higher BMI and lower baseline partial pressure of arterial oxygen/FiO(2) ratio. These findings suggest that adjusting PEEP based on dP(aw) changes can enable individualized protective ventilation.
Article
Physiology
David C. Berger, Lena Zwicker, Kay Nettelbeck, Daniela Casoni, Paul Phillipp Heinisch, Hansjorg Jenni, Matthias Haenggi, Luciano Gattinoni, Kaspar F. Bachmann
Summary: Assessment of native cardiac output during extracorporeal circulation is challenging. This study evaluated a modified Fick principle for accurately measuring cardiac output under different conditions. The findings provide important insights for understanding veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO).
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anesthesiology
Simone Gattarello, Silvia Coppola, Elena Chiodaroli, Tommaso Pozzi, Luigi Camporota, Leif Saager, Davide Chiumello, Luciano Gattinoni
Summary: This study assessed lung mechanics in nonintubated patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and found that patients in the treatment escalation group had higher respiratory rate, tidal volume, and mechanical power ratio compared to the no-treatment escalation group. Mechanical power, its ratio, and pressure-rate index showed the highest association with the clinical outcome.
Letter
Anesthesiology
Louise Rose, Luigi Camporota, Gary H. Mills, John Laffey, Gavin D. Perkins, Manu Shankar-Hari, Tamas Szakmany, Danny McAuley, RELEASE Investigators
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Roberto Lorusso, Maria Elena De Piero, Silvia Mariani, Michele Di Mauro, Thierry Folliguet, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Luigi Camporota, Justyna Swol, Dominik Wiedemann, Mirko Belliato, Lars Mikael Broman, Alain Vuylsteke, Yigal Kassif, Anna Mara Scandroglio, Vito Fanelli, Philippe Gaudard, Stephane Ledot, Julian Barker, Udo Boeken, Sven Maier, Alexander Kersten, Bart Meyns, Matteo Pozzi, Finn M. Pedersen, Peter Schellongowski, Kaan Kirali, Nicholas Barrett, Jordi Riera, Thomas Mueller, Jan Belohlavek, EuroECMO COVID Study Grp
Summary: This study aimed to investigate in-hospital outcomes in patients who received ECMO during the first wave of COVID-19 and found that factors such as patient's age, timing of cannulation, and use of medication were associated with higher in-hospital mortality. Despite favorable post-discharge survival, some patients still require long-term rehabilitation.
LANCET RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Critical Care Medicine
Tommaso Pozzi, Francesca Collino, Serena Brusatori, Federica Romitti, Mattia Busana, Onnen Moerer, Luigi Camporota, Davide Chiumello, Silvia Coppola, Luciano Gattinoni
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Letter
Critical Care Medicine
Serena Brusatori, Carmelo Zinnato, Tommaso Pozzi, Luigi Camporota, John J. Marini, Luciano Gattinoni
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Francesco Vasques, Barnaby Sanderson, Genex Correa, Patrick Collins, Valentina Camarda, Lorenzo Giosa, Andrew Retter, Chris Meadows, Nicholas A. Barrett, Luigi Camporota
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of circuit change, associated risk factors, and their relationship with outcomes in VV ECMO patients. The results showed that circuit change was associated with lower ICU survival and longer ICU stay. Hematological abnormalities and increased lung pressure were the main indications for circuit change. Changes in transmembrane lung resistance were better predictors of circuit change, and low postoxygenator PO2 was a common reason for circuit change. However, ECMO oxygen transfer was higher in cases of circuit change with low postoxygenator PO2.
Article
Anesthesiology
Vincenzo Russotto, Jean Baptiste Lascarrou, Elena Tassistro, Matteo Parotto, Laura Antolini, Philippe Bauer, Konstanty Szuldrzynski, Luigi Camporota, Christian Putensen, Paolo Pelosi, Massimiliano Sorbello, Andy Higgs, Robert Greif, Giacomo Grasselli, Maria G. Valsecchi, Roberto Fumagalli, Giuseppe Foti, Pietro Caironi, Giacomo Bellani, John G. Laffey, NTUBE Study Investigators
Summary: Videolaryngoscopy is associated with higher first-pass intubation success rates in critically ill patients and does not increase the risk of major adverse events.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Saad M. Ezad, Matthew Ryan, Dirk W. Donker, Federico Pappalardo, Nicholas Barrett, Luigi Camporota, Susanna Price, Navin K. Kapur, Divaka Perera
Summary: Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-A ECMO) provides cardiorespiratory support for patients in cardiogenic shock, but may cause complications due to increased left ventricle afterload. Unloading the left ventricle with additional circulatory support devices can mitigate the adverse effects and potentially improve outcomes. However, the specific methods, timing, and criteria for LV unloading are still unclear, and the known risks of device-related complications need to be considered.
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Luciano Gattinoni, Francesca Collino, Luigi Camporota
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Chiara Robba, Luigi Camporota, Giuseppe Citerio
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Rosanna D'Albo, Federica Romitti, Luigi Camporota, Onnen Moerer, Mattia Busana, Luciano Gattinoni
Summary: The conditions of temperature, pressure, and saturation in which respiratory gas volumes are expressed are often ignored in clinical practice. This study investigates the effects of gas volume corrections on key respiratory and metabolic variables, and the possible clinical consequences. The findings suggest that gas volume corrections are mostly relevant when assessing CO2 clearance, and knowing when the appropriate corrections are needed allows for a better understanding of patients' clinical conditions and tailored treatment.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Davide Chiumello, Alessandro Tavelli, Lorenzo Serio, Sara De Benedittis, Tommaso Pozzi, Roberta Maj, Mara Velati, Serena Brusatori, Rosanna D'Albo, Carmelo Zinnato, Giulia Marchetti, Luigi Camporota, Silvia Coppola, Antonella D'Arminio Monforte
Summary: This study compared the clinical characteristics and severity of lung impairment between vaccinated and non-vaccinated hospitalized COVID-19 patients using quantitative lung CT scans. The results showed that although vaccinated patients were older and had more comorbidities, they had similar gas exchange and lung CT scan findings compared to non-vaccinated patients, but with a lower risk of mortality.
ANNALS OF INTENSIVE CARE
(2023)
Editorial Material
Critical Care Medicine
Luciano Gattinoni, Giuseppe Citerio, Arthur S. Slutsky
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)