Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Juan M. Galdoporpora, Camila Martinena, Ezequiel Bernabeu, Jennifer Riedel, Lucia Palmas, Ines Castangia, Maria Letizia Manca, Mariana Garces, Juan Lazaro-Martinez, Maria Jimena Salgueiro, Pablo Evelson, Nancy Liliana Tateosian, Diego Andres Chiappetta, Marcela Analia Moretton
Summary: Tuberculosis, the second deadliest infectious disease in 2020, can potentially be treated with inhaled nanocarriers for active targeting in the lungs.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Lorenzo Onorato, Valeria Gentile, Antonio Russo, Giovanni Di Caprio, Loredana Alessio, Paolo Chiodini, Nicola Coppola
Summary: The study compared standard and high doses of rifampicin in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, showing that high doses were associated with a higher sputum culture conversion rate at 8 weeks, but no significant difference in treatment failure and safety was observed compared to standard doses.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marzie Alizadeh, Padideh Naderi Asrami, Elif Esra Altuner, Fulya Gulbagca, Rima Nour Elhouda Tiri, Aysenur Aygun, Fatih Sen, Somaye Cheraghi, Idris Kaynak
Summary: This study aimed to develop sensors sensitive to antibiotics by synthesizing metallic nanoparticles and evaluate their performance for tuberculosis drugs. The modified electrode showed the highest signal, and characterization techniques were used to determine the morphology of the nanoparticles. The results indicated a positive correlation between the size of the nanoparticles and the current intensity.
Article
Microbiology
Paolo Cattaneo, Caleb Mike Mulongo, Gianfranco Morino, Maria Vittoria De Vita, Gabriele Paone, Simone Scarlata, Salome Kinyita, Hillary Odhiambo, Cristina Mazzi, Federico Gobbi, Dora Buonfrate
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) in Kajiado County, Kenya. The study found that the prevalence of RR-TB was four times higher than what could be inferred from official notifications, and higher than the overall prevalence in Kenya. Moreover, the incidence of pulmonary TB among adults in Kajiado significantly differed from cases notified in the same area, while the rate of HIV coinfection was in line with national and regional data.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christian Etschmann, Regina Scherliess
Summary: Lung tuberculosis is a deadly infectious disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite being treatable, many patients only achieve sub-therapeutic concentrations of antibiotics in the infected lung tissue, leading to an alarming number of multi drug resistant tuberculosis cases each year. In this study, researchers demonstrate the effectiveness of using softpellets, engineered dry powder agglomerates, to deliver high doses of antibiotics directly to the lungs. Furthermore, a new process design called vibro-pelletisation for producing softpellets is introduced.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Lindsey H. M. te Brake, Veronique de Jager, Kim Narunsky, Naadira Vanker, Elin M. Svensson, Patrick P. J. Phillips, Stephen H. Gillespie, Norbert Heinrich, Michael Hoelscher, Rodney Dawson, Andreas H. Diacon, Rob E. Aamoutse, Martin J. Boeree
Summary: The study evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and early bactericidal activity of increasing doses of rifampicin in treatment-naive adult smear-positive patients with tuberculosis. While the 50mg/kg dose showed an increased bactericidal effect, it was not well tolerated, leading to treatment discontinuations, whereas the 40mg/kg dose was well tolerated and selected for further evaluation.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bumi Herman, Wandee Sirichokchatchawan, Sathirakorn Pongpanich, Chanin Nantasenamat
Summary: The study developed an artificial-intelligence-based RR-TB screening tool, CUHAS-ROBUST, with the Artificial Neural Network model demonstrating high accuracy and sensitivity in detecting all types of RR-TB, outperforming other AI classifiers.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gokul Raj Kathamuthu, Perumal Kannabiran Bhavani, Manjula Singh, Jitendra Kumar Saini, Ashutosh Aggarwal, Mohammed Soheb S. Ansari, Rajiv Garg, Subash Babu
Summary: High-dose rifampicin has the potential to improve the immunity of pulmonary tuberculosis patients by modulating different immune and inflammatory markers.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Nakwon Kwak, Doosoo Jeon, Youngmok Park, Young Ae Kang, Kyung Jong Kim, Young Ran Kim, Byoung Soo Kwon, Yong-Soo Kwon, Hyung-Jun Kim, Jae Ho Lee, Ji Yeon Lee, Jung-Kyu Lee, Jeongha Mok, Minkyoung Cheon, Jiwon Park, Seokyung Hahn, Jae-Joon Yim
Summary: This study aims to compare a new treatment regimen with a conventional regimen for drug-sensitive pulmonary TB in order to improve adherence, reduce adverse events, and lower treatment costs. The feasibility of using high-dose rifampicin and a shortened treatment duration will be evaluated.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Budi O. Susanto, Elin M. Svensson, Lindsey te Brake, Rob E. Aarnoutse, Martin J. Boeree, Ulrika S. H. Simonsson
Summary: This study suggests that a staggered dosing strategy of rifampicin can reduce side effects while maintaining better efficacy. Specifically, starting treatment with a low dose (20 mg/kg) for 7 days followed by a higher dose (40 mg/kg) predicted lower initial drug exposure and better bacterial killing rate.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ahmed A. Abulfathi, Veronique de Jager, Elana van Brakel, Helmuth Reuter, Nikhil Gupte, Naadira Vanker, Grace L. Barnes, Eric Nuermberger, Susan E. Dorman, Andreas H. Diacon, Kelly E. Dooley, Elin M. Svensson
Summary: A population pharmacokinetics model of meropenem in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis was developed, with body weight and creatinine clearance identified as key covariates affecting model fit, while rifampicin treatment did not show significant impact on model fit.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Louvina E. van der Laan, Anthony J. Garcia-Prats, H. Simon Schaaf, Maxwell Chirehwa, Jana L. Winckler, Jun Mao, Heather R. Draper, Lubbe Wiesner, Jennifer Norman, Helen McIlleron, Peter R. Donald, Anneke C. Hesseling, Paolo Denti
Summary: Treatment options for children with Rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) are limited, and the role of para-aminosalicylic acid (PAS) is important in preventing resistance to companion drugs. However, the optimal dosing of PAS in children remains uncertain, and individual adjustment within the WHO-recommended dose range is necessary.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rami Ayoun Alsoud, Robin J. J. Svensson, Elin M. M. Svensson, Stephen H. H. Gillespie, Martin J. J. Boeree, Andreas H. H. Diacon, Rodney Dawson, Rob E. E. Aarnoutse, Ulrika S. H. Simonsson
Summary: This study aimed to develop a combined quantitative tuberculosis biomarker model for assessing drug efficacy in early bactericidal activity studies. By using CFU and TTP data simultaneously, the model provides an efficient approach to evaluate drug efficacy and describe the relationship between CFU and TTP over time.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Prakash Khadka, Shubhra Sinha, Ian G. Tucker, Jack Dummer, Philip C. Hill, Rajesh Katare, Shyamal C. Das
Summary: Inhaled delivery of high-dose rifampicin was found to be safe for rat lungs and liver, with reduced hepatic burden compared to oral administration and good tolerance to repeated dosing. Tissue evaluation showed no drug-induced toxicity in the lungs, indicating potential for localized and systemic drug delivery without toxicity concerns.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Andrew D. McCallum, Henry E. Pertinez, Aaron P. Chirambo, Irene Sheha, Madalitso Chasweka, Rose Malamba, Doris Shani, Alex Chitani, Jane E. Mallewa, Jamilah Z. Meghji, Jehan F. Ghany, Elizabeth L. Corbett, Stephen B. Gordon, Geraint R. Davies, Saye H. Khoo, Derek J. Sloan, Henry C. Mwandumba
Summary: This study explores the relationship between intrapulmonary drug levels and sputum bacillary clearance in tuberculosis treatment. The results show that higher drug exposure to rifampicin or isoniazid in the epithelial lining fluid is associated with more rapid bacillary elimination. Higher doses of rifampicin and isoniazid may result in sustained high intrapulmonary drug exposure, rapid bacillary clearance, shorter treatment duration, and better treatment outcomes.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)