期刊
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
卷 316, 期 5, 页码 L723-L737出版社
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00058.2018
关键词
exosome; glutamate dehydrogenase; glycolysis; hypertension; hypoxia; pulmonary; pyruvate dehydrogenase; sirtuin 4; tricarboxylic acid cycle
Secreted exosomes are bioactive particles that elicit profound responses in target cells. Using targeted metabolomics and global microarray analysis, we identified a role of exosomes in promoting mitochondrial function in the context of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Whereas chronic hypoxia results in a glycolytic shift in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), exosomes restore energy balance and improve O-2 consumption. These results were confirmed in a hypoxia-induced mouse model and a semaxanib/hypoxia rat model of PAH wherein exosomes improved the mitochondrial dysfunction associated with disease. Importantly, exosome exposure increased PASMC expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GLUD1), linking exosome treatment to the TCA cycle. Furthermore, we show that although prolonged hypoxia induced sirtuin 4 expression, an upstream inhibitor of both GLUD1 and PDH, exosomes reduced its expression. These data provide direct evidence of an exosome-mediated improvement in mitochondrial function and contribute new insights into the therapeutic potential of exosomes in PAH.
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