Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chase P. Broedersz, Pierre Ronceray
Summary: This paper discusses how the Jarzynski equality updates the second law of thermodynamics by extending the physics of transformations from steam engines to molecular motors.
Review
Physics, Applied
Andrea J. Liu, Sidney R. Nagel
Summary: In this article, the authors discuss the proposal of a jamming phase diagram from twenty-five years ago and how linking jammed granular materials with glasses can enhance our understanding of the physics of various systems.
NATURE REVIEWS PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Riya Sureka, Umesh Bamel, Satish Kumar, Avik Sinha
Summary: To celebrate its 25th anniversary, Gondwana Research conducted a study to analyze the trends and evolution of the journal since its inception. The study used performance analysis and bibliometric analysis to examine the publication and citation patterns, as well as the content of the journal. The findings show significant growth in publication and citation counts, and provide insights into future research directions in Earth Science.
Review
Rheumatology
Kathryn Henry, Natalie Anumolu, Michael Putman
Summary: The field of rheumatology has seen numerous new drug approvals in the past 25 years, but the regulatory mechanisms underlying these decisions are not well understood. In the USA, the FDA uses the New Drug Application (NDA) process to evaluate the safety and efficacy of novel drugs. In some cases, the FDA convenes Human Drug Advisory Committees to assess scientific or technical matters. A review of rheumatic disease drug applications granted FDA approval from 1996 to 2021 revealed 31 NDAs, out of which seven utilized an advisory committee. The reasons for using advisory committees and their impact on final approvals were unclear. Recommendations to enhance transparency and public trust in FDA decisions were provided.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Dong Yu, Yifan Gong, Michael Alan Picheny, Bhuvana Ramabhadran, Dilek Hakkani-Tur, Rohit Prasad, Heiga Zen, Jan Skoglund, Jan Honza Cernocky, Lukas Burget, Abdelrahman Mohamed
Summary: In this article, the evolution of speech and language processing (SLP) in the past 25 years is summarized. A snapshot of the popular research topics and the associated state of the art (SOTA) in various subfields of SLP 25 years ago is provided, along with the highlight of the shift in research topics over the years. The major breakthroughs in each subfield, the driving forces that led to the current SOTA, as well as the societal impacts and potential future directions are discussed.
IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING MAGAZINE
(2023)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
A. M. Celal Sengor, Gursel Sunal, Boris A. Natal'in, Rob van der Voo
Summary: The Altaids is the largest orogenic belt in Central Asia formed by Turkic-type orogeny, with a duration of 600 million years and a continental crust growth rate similar to the Phanerozoic. The methods used to reconstruct the history of the Altaids can also be applied to late Precambrian orogens, but cannot establish a biostratigraphy. Detailed knowledge of the strain histories in soldering orogenic belts is crucial for accurate reconstruction.
EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Kelly Rhoden, Jose Alonso, Meg Carmona, Michelle Pham, Amber N. Barnes
Summary: The state of Florida has documented over 217,000 cases of water-related diseases in the past 20 years, with the majority being waterborne diseases. Children aged 0-4 and the elderly are more susceptible to waterborne diseases. The southeast region reported the highest number of cases, requiring public health initiatives and response efforts to address the high rates of water-related infectious diseases.
Article
Forestry
T. J. Boettcher, Baburam Rijal, James Cook, Shuva Gautam
Summary: This study aimed to develop a predictive model for the occurrence and abundance of buckthorn in Wisconsin by establishing sample plots and constructing different types of regression models. The ZINB model was identified as the best model for estimating buckthorn presence and abundance, indicating that factors such as stem density, woody species diversity, and environmental variables were important for predicting buckthorn invasion.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Xuan Gao, Guangyu Wang, John L. Innes, Yu Zhao, Xuanchang Zhang, Dahong Zhang, Feng Mi
Summary: Forest Ecological Security (FES) is a crucial component of ecological security and plays a significant role in national security. Using the Delphi method, this study constructed a multi-index comprehensive evaluation system and weighted indicators using the entropy weight method to assess the status of FES in China from 1994 to 2018. The results highlighted forest quantity, quality, and population pressure as key factors influencing FES, with significant spatial variations observed between different regions in China.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Jessica I. W. Morgan, Toco Y. P. Chui, K. A. T. E. Grieve
Summary: Twenty-five years ago, the combination of adaptive optics (AO) with fundus photography revolutionized ophthalmic imaging. Since then, AO ophthalmoscopy has been widely used for investigating visual system structure and function in various health and disease conditions. It has enabled visualization of different types of retinal cells, provided insights into retinal and systemic diseases, and found its place in clinical trials. This article reviews the clinical applications of AO ophthalmoscopy and discusses the remaining challenges for its full integration into standard ophthalmic care.
BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Joerg Schmidtke
Summary: Hereditary hemochromatosis is a common and preventable disease that can be effectively managed through phlebotomy. Despite the numerous studies conducted in the past 25 years, no professional body has reversed the decision against population-wide screening, leaving HH a life-threatening condition often undetected at a curable stage.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Gregory J. Herczeg, Yuguang Chen, Jean-Francois Donati, Andrea K. Dupree, Frederick M. Walter, Lynne A. Hillenbrand, Christopher M. Johns-Krull, Carlo F. Manara, Hans Moritz Gunther, Min Fang, P. Christian Schneider, Jeff A. Valenti, Silvia H. P. Alencar, Laura Venuti, Juan Manuel Alcala, Antonio Frasca, Nicole Arulanantham, Jeffrey L. Linsky, Jerome Bouvier, Nancy S. Brickhouse, Nuria Calvet, Catherine C. Espaillat, Justyn Campbell-White, John M. Carpenter, Seok-Jun Chang, Kelle L. Cruz, S. E. Dahm, Jochen Eisloeffel, Suzan Edwards, William J. Fischer, Zhen Guo, Thomas Henning, Tao Ji, Jessy Jose, Joel H. Kastner, Ralf Launhardt, David A. Principe, Connor E. Robinson, Javier Serna, Michal Siwak, Michael F. Sterzik, Shinsuke Takasao
Summary: Accretion is crucial in the evolution and dispersal of protoplanetary disks. This study examines the stability of mass accretion rate onto TW Hya, a solar-mass young star, over a 25-year period and reveals flickering variations on an hourly scale.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Developmental Biology
Bernhard Klinger, Angelika Schnieke
Summary: The birth of Dolly challenged the scientific consensus that a nucleus from a terminally differentiated cell could not control the development of offspring. This led to the use of somatic cell nuclear transfer for animal cloning and genetically modified farm animals, facilitating research on gene function and the establishment of animal models for various human conditions and diseases.
Review
Neurosciences
Valerio Manippa, Annalisa Palmisano, Martina Ventura, Davide Rivolta
Summary: This paper provides an overview of the neuroimaging research on developmental prosopagnosia (DP) over the past 25 years. The findings suggest that individuals with DP exhibit structural and functional abnormalities in the ventral visual stream, particularly in the connectivity between the Fusiform Face Area and other face-sensitive regions.
Article
Oncology
Brian C. Brajcich, Bryan E. Palis, Ryan McCabe, Leticia Nogueira, Daniel J. Boffa, Sharon S. Lum, James B. Harris, Vicki Hawhee, Timothy W. Mullett, Karl Y. Bilimoria, Heidi Nelson
Summary: The study reveals that while the 5-year follow-up in the NCDB is excellent, loss to follow-up increases over time. Moreover, the effort required to perform patient follow-up also increases with longer duration of follow-up.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)