Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anmol Sharma, Heena Khan, Thakur Gurjeet Singh, Amarjot Kaur Grewal, Agnieszka Najda, Malgorzata Kawecka-Radomska, Mohamed Kamel, Ahmed E. Altyar, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
Summary: The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is crucial in regulating various biological functions and plays a significant role in tumor development. Inhibiting specific enzymes within this pathway can be an effective treatment for cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Priyanka S. Rana, James J. Ignatz-Hoover, James J. Driscoll
Summary: Proteasomes are complex protein-degrading machines that regulate the elimination of intracellular proteins. Immunoproteasomes are a specialized variant that degrade proteins in cells exposed to oxidative stress and inflammation. They can be targeted for therapeutic purposes in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
George Vere, Md Rashadul Alam, Sam Farrar, Rachel Kealy, Benedikt M. Kessler, Darragh P. O'Brien, Adan Pinto-Fernandez
Summary: This review discusses potential therapeutic intervention points in COVID-19 treatment, including PLpro, USP18, TRIM25, CYLD, A20, and others, which may be effective in combating current and future vaccine-resistant variants of the virus.
Review
Oncology
Grazia R. Tundo, Diego Sbardella, Francesco Oddone, Anna A. Kudriaeva, Pedro M. Lacal, Alexey A. Belogurov, Grazia Graziani, Stefano Marini
Summary: The immunoproteasome plays a crucial role in antigen presentation and its modulation presents promising research opportunities. Immunotherapy has shown significant advancements, however, a broader understanding of cancer cell antigen processing dynamics is still required for further improvements.
Review
Plant Sciences
Pei An, Li-Jun Zhang, Wei Peng, Yu-Ying Chen, Qiu-Ping Liu, Xin Luan, Hong Zhang
Summary: The study reviewed the pharmacological effects of more than 80 natural products and extracts related to proteasome regulation, classified them by their chemical properties, and summarized the laws of action of natural products as proteasome regulators in the treatment of diseases, which is important for the discovery of new proteasome regulators.
Review
Cell Biology
Satyendra Chandra Tripathi, Disha Vedpathak, Edwin Justin Ostrin
Summary: Cell-mediated immunity is driven by antigenic peptide presentation on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Immunoproteasomes, with inducible activity by inflammatory stimuli, play central roles in cancer, autoimmunity, and inflammation by altering the catalytic activity of the proteasome.Understanding the roles of immunoproteasome in different cancers offers insights into developing targeted therapies.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Wiener, Schraga Schwartz
Summary: In this issue of Molecular Cell, Behrens et al. (2021) tackle a longstanding challenge in tRNA regulation by developing an approach that can measure tRNA abundance with unprecedented accuracy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Donghoon Lee, Alfred L. Goldberg
Summary: Heat shock induces protein unfolding, leading to increased activity of proteasomes and degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. This response helps cells clear damaged proteins and maintain cellular homeostasis under proteotoxic stress conditions.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jeong-Su Park, Hwan Ma, Yoon-Seok Roh
Summary: Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a major cause of global mortality, with factors such as excessive alcohol consumption and high fat/high glucose diet promoting its progression. Ubiquitin, a 75 amino acid protein, plays a crucial role in various cellular outcomes related to protein degradation and signal transduction, impacting diseases such as alcoholic liver disease and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samuel Smalley, Hanjo Hellmann
Summary: This review provides an overview of how ubiquitin and similar proteins modify target proteins in plants to rapidly change their stability and activity, with a focus on their contribution to stress tolerance. The study also explores the potential use of these pathways for generating more robust crop plants to cope with stress situations.
Article
Cell Biology
Mohamed A. Eldeeb, Wenbin Zhou, Mansoore Esmaili, Alaa M. Elgohary, Hai Wei, Richard P. Fahlman
Summary: Cellular signalling leads to apoptotic pathways and caspase activation, resulting in the generation of protein fragments with new functions. These proteolytically activated protein fragments can be degraded by the N-degron degradation pathways. The stability of the pro-apoptotic fragment of PKC-theta was investigated, revealing that it is unstable due to its N-terminal lysine targeting it for proteasomal degradation. Inhibition of N-degron degradation enhanced the apoptosis-inducing effect of staurosporine.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2023)
Article
Mathematics
Duarte Valerio, Manuel D. Ortigueira, Antonio M. Lopes
Summary: In this paper, a unified fractional derivative is introduced, which can generate various interesting derivative forms. The results of this study are expected to reduce derivative differences and prevent the ambiguous use of fractional derivatives.
Review
Oncology
Chee Wai Fhu, Azhar Ali
Summary: The UPS system regulates the non-lysosomal degradation of oxidized, damaged, or misfolded proteins through the activation and transfer of polyubiquitin chains to target proteins, which are then degraded by the 26S proteasome complex. UPS plays a crucial role in regulating protein levels to maintain fundamental cellular processes such as growth, division, signal transduction, and stress response. Dysregulation of UPS, resulting in loss of ability to maintain protein quality through proteolysis, is closely related to the development of various malignancies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jean-David Rochaix
Summary: Most chloroplast proteins are nucleus-encoded and imported into chloroplasts via TOC and TIC. TOC and TIC form a supercomplex with a protein channel for protein import. Components of the TOC/TIC system have additional roles in chloroplast gene expression and metabolism. Chaperones and co-chaperones associated with TOC and TIC participate in protein folding and function in protein quality control. Chloroplast protein import is linked to retrograde signaling.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jennifer L. Mamrosh, David J. Sherman, Joseph R. Cohen, James A. Johnston, Marisa K. Joubert, Jing Li, J. Russell Lipford, Brett Lomenick, Annie Moradian, Siddharth Prabhu, Michael J. Sweredoski, Bryan Vander Lugt, Rati Verma, Raymond J. Deshaies
Summary: We conducted a comprehensive study on the class I peptide repertoire and found that most peptides rely on the UPS for generation. However, about 30% of mitochondrial peptides and 10% of other peptides were found to be independent of UPS. Inhibition of the proteasome resulted in the display of atypical peptides. Our findings suggest a more complex process of MHC class I peptide complex generation and the involvement of alternative degradation pathways.
