Article
Oncology
Shuying Sun, Austin Zane, Carolyn Fulton, Jasmine Philipoom
Summary: This study investigates hemimethylation in lung cancer for the first time, demonstrating the existence of hemimethylation in lung cells and its potential association with the development of normal and tumor cells. Hemimethylation patterns are diverse and comparable between normal and tumor cells, with identified genes showing differential hemimethylation that may impact gene expression and cell function in non-small cell lung cancer.
Article
Cell Biology
Prabhu Subramani, Nanthakumar Nagarajan, Sagayamercy Mariaraj, Ravikumar Vilwanathan
Summary: The study found that silencing SIRT6 promotes the acetylation of DNMT1 protein and stabilizes it. Consequently, acetylated DNMT1 translocates into the nucleus and methylates the NOTCH1 promoter region, hindering NOTCH1-mediated NOTCH signaling.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Hao Luo, Jinlu Shan, Hong Zhang, Guanbin Song, Qing Li, Cheng-Xiong Xu
Summary: Dysregulation of epigenetic processes plays a crucial role in promoting small cell lung cancer (SCLC), and it also affects tumor immunogenicity and immune cell functions. Current clinical trials have shown that epigenetics-targeting drugs may enhance antitumor immune response, indicating the potential of combining epigenetic agents with immunotherapy as a therapeutic approach for SCLC.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wen Ge, Yajuan Gong, Ya Li, Ningxia Wu, Yuting Ruan, Tongpeng Xu, Yongqian Shu, Wen Qiu, Yingwei Wang, Chenhui Zhao
Summary: In this study, the researchers found that interleukin-17 (IL-17) is able to promote metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). They also identified the potential mechanism behind IL-17-induced NSCLC cell metastasis. The results showed that IL-17, IL-17RA, GCN5, SOX4, and MMP9 were all increased in NSCLC tissues and IL-17-stimulated NSCLC cells, and IL-17 treatment enhanced cell migration and invasion. Further exploration revealed that IL-17-upregulated GCN5 and SOX4 could bind to the same region of the downstream MMP9 gene promoter, driving its transcription and promoting cell migration and invasion. By inhibiting the expression of GCN5, SOX4, or MMP9, the researchers observed reduced SOX4 acetylation, MMP9 induction, and metastatic nodule formation in NSCLC cells. Overall, this study suggests that the IL-17-GCN5-SOX4-MMP9 axis is closely associated with NSCLC metastasis.
MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Minnatallah Al-Yozbaki, Ibtissam Jabre, Naeem H. Syed, Cornelia M. Wilson
Summary: Despite the static survival rates of NSCLC, epigenetic-based therapies targeting DNMTs and histone-modifying enzymes, as well as the combination of DNMT inhibitors with chemotherapy and immunotherapy, have shown great promise in the treatment of solid tumors. Dietary phytochemicals can also inhibit DNMTs and cancer stem cells, offering a novel and promising approach to cancer prevention and treatment.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Shuo Yang, Yang Huang, Qi Zhao
Summary: Lung cancer is a common malignancy and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type. Epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNA expression are suggested to drive NSCLC development. Inflammation-related tumorigenesis plays a vital role in cancer research, but the exact relationship between immune components and epigenetic changes in inflammation is not clear. The connection between epigenetic drivers, inflammation, and NSCLC needs further investigation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Florian Janke, Arlou Kristina Angeles, Anja Lisa Riediger, Simone Bauer, Martin Reck, Albrecht Stenzinger, Marc A. Schneider, Thomas Muley, Michael Thomas, Petros Christopoulos, Holger Sueltmann
Summary: This study demonstrates the potential of DNA methylation biomarkers in prognosis and therapy monitoring of ALK-positive NSCLC patients. The research highlights the suitability of cfDNA methylation as a non-invasive biomarker for tumor detection and its correlation with other genomic alterations.
CLINICAL EPIGENETICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sudeshna Rakshit, Jithin S. Sunny, Melvin George, Luke Elizabeth Hanna, Koustav Sarkar
Summary: Epigenetics plays a significant role in coronary artery disease and NSCLC, affecting gene regulation and disease progression, with crucial involvement in the regulation of gene expression in specific genes.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Trine V. Larsen, Nina Dybdal, Tina F. Daugaard, Johanne Lade-Keller, Lin Lin, Boe S. Sorensen, Anders L. Nielsen
Summary: This study investigates the role of PD-L1 DNA methylation in regulating and predicting PD-L1 expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients undergoing immunotherapy. The analysis of tumor biopsies and cell lines reveals that PD-L1 DNA methylation status influences its expression. However, the correlation between methylation and expression is weak in NSCLC tumor samples. This study emphasizes the importance of further research to improve the effectiveness of PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy in NSCLC.
Review
Oncology
Yuqiu Hao, Hongna Dong, Wei Li, Xuejiao Lv, Bingqing Shi, Peng Gao
Summary: This study explores the role of IL-35 in the pathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and provides new insights into its therapeutic potential.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Xijie Yang, Zhen Zeng, Xiaohua Jie, Ye Wang, Jun Han, Zhikun Zheng, Jinsong Li, Hongli Liu, Xiaorong Dong, Gang Wu, Shuangbing Xu
Summary: PRMT5 mediates radioresistance in non-small cell lung cancer by methylating and destabilizing Mxi1. Blockade of PRMT5 impairs DNA damage repair and enhances lung cancer radiosensitivity.
Article
Oncology
Parvez Khan, Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui, Shailendra Kumar Maurya, Imayavaramban Lakshmanan, Maneesh Jain, Apar Kishor Ganti, Ravi Salgia, Surinder Kumar Batra, Mohd Wasim Nasser
Summary: SCLC is a subtype of lung cancer with high mortality, where epigenetic modifications play a crucial role in tumorigenesis, progression, and drug resistance. Understanding SCLC epigenetics is important for prognostication, treatment stratification, and the development of new therapies.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Xiaohui Pan, Wenxin Zhang, Longsheng Wang, Hongjie Guo, Mingming Zheng, Honghai Wu, Qinjie Weng, Qiaojun He, Ling Ding, Bo Yang
Summary: Recent studies have shown that Krupple-like factor 12 (KLF12) plays a crucial role in cancer-associated processes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), including proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. KLF12 is positively correlated with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and can bind to the CACCC motif of the PD-L1 promoter to promote transcription. Knockout of KLF12 inhibits tumor growth and enhances infiltration of CD8(+) T cells in immunocompetent mice.
MOLECULAR ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Giuseppe Giaccone, Yongfeng He
Summary: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death, with two major histological subtypes, NSCLC and SCLC. Transformation from NSCLC to SCLC can cause treatment resistance, potentially due to therapy-induced changes or clonal selection. This article discusses the potential mechanisms, cell of origin, and genomic alterations in both de novo and transformed SCLC, as well as treatment options including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, TKIs, immunotherapy, and antiangiogenic agents.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Chuan Wang, Tingting Liu, Zhenzhen Wang, Wenchao Li, Qing Zhao, Zihao Mi, Xiaotong Xue, Peidian Shi, Yonghu Sun, Yuan Zhang, Na Wang, Fangfang Bao, Wenjie Chen, Hong Liu, Furen Zhang
Summary: This study demonstrates the important role of IL-23/IL-23R in modulating intracellular bacterial clearance in macrophages during mycobacterial infection. IL-23/IL-23R enhances bacterial clearance, T helper cell differentiation, and proinflammatory cytokine secretion, thereby increasing host bactericidal activity. IL-23/IL-23R could serve as potential targets for the prevention and treatment of leprosy and other mycobacterial infections.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Iain A. Richard, Joshua T. Burgess, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Emma Bolderson
Summary: PARP proteins play diverse roles in cellular functions. PARP1 and PARP2 have been extensively studied in DNA repair and cancer therapeutics. PARPi resistance is a challenge in clinical use. Other members of the PARP family are comparatively understudied in DNA damage repair and tumourigenesis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Arutha Kulasinghe, Ning Liu, Chin Wee Tan, James Monkman, Jane E. Sinclair, Dharmesh D. Bhuva, David Godbolt, Liuliu Pan, Andy Nam, Habib Sadeghirad, Kei Sato, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Ken O'Byrne, Camila Hartmann, Anna Flavia Ribeiro Dos Santos Miggiolaro, Gustavo Lenci Marques, Lidia Zytynski Moura, Derek Richard, Mark Adams, Lucia de Noronha, Cristina Pellegrino Baena, Jacky Y. Suen, Rakesh Arora, Gabrielle T. Belz, Kirsty R. Short, Melissa J. Davis, Fernando Souza-Fonseca Guimaraes, John F. Fraser
Summary: The study reveals distinct transcriptomic profiles in cardiac tissues of SARS-CoV-2 and pH1N1 influenza infection, with upregulation of genes associated with DNA damage and repair, heat shock, and macrophage infiltration in COVID-19 patients' cardiac tissues. In comparison, pH1N1 infection showed upregulation of interferon and complement pathways. This highlights the need for further understanding of the effects on extra-pulmonary organs, including the cardiovascular system, in COVID-19 patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tabassum Khair Barbhuiya, Mark Fisher, Eric D. Boittier, Emma Bolderson, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Derek J. Richard, Mark Nathaniel Adams, Neha S. Gandhi
Summary: The study investigates the mechanism of CDCA3 binding to APC/C-Cdh1 through the non-canonical ABBA-like motif. The research finds that H-bonds, hydrophobic and ionic interactions within the ABBA-like motif are crucial for the binding. Alanine mutations disrupt the structure of the linker region, leading to altered affinities and binding to alternate sites on Cdh1.
Editorial Material
Oncology
John Hallick, Anne-Marie Baird, Gerald Falchook, Xiuning Le, David Hong, Santiago Viteri, Jo Raskin, Niels Reinmuth, Soetkin Vlassak, Mihaela Militaru, Paul K. Paik
Summary: This article summarizes two main clinical studies that led to the approval of tepotinib. Tepotinib is an orally targeted anti-cancer treatment for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with the genetic mutation MET exon 14 skipping. Targeting this mutation is an important treatment approach to inhibit tumor growth.
Article
Oncology
Lecia V. Sequist, James Chih-Hsin Yang, Nobuyuki Yamamoto, Kenneth O'Byrne, Vera Hirsh, Tony Mok, Sarayut Lucien Geater, Sergey Orlov, Chun-Ming Tsai, Michael Boyer, Wu-Chou Su, Jaafar Bennouna, Terufumi Kato, Vera Gorbunova, Ki Hyeong Lee, Riyaz Shah, Dan Massey, Victoria Zazulina, Mehdi Shahidi, Martin Schuler
Summary: The study compared the efficacy of chemotherapy with afatinib in the treatment of EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma. Results showed that afatinib prolonged progression-free survival and improved the quality of life for patients, when compared with chemotherapy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mark N. Adams, Laura V. Croft, Aaron Urquhart, Mohamed Ashick Mohamed Saleem, Anja Rockstroh, Pascal H. G. Duijf, Patrick B. Thomas, Genevieve P. Ferguson, Idris Mohd Najib, Esha T. T. Shah, Emma Bolderson, Shivashankar Nagaraj, Elizabeth D. Williams, Colleen C. Nelson, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Derek J. Richard
Summary: This study evaluated the role of hSSB1/NABP2 in modulating the cellular response to androgens and ionizing radiation in prostate cancer. The expression of hSSB1 in prostate cancer is correlated with genomic instability and it regulates pathways involved in cell cycle progression and transcription. Additionally, hSSB1 is involved in modulating androgen response through transcriptional regulation. Exploiting hSSB1 in prostate cancer treatment might improve patient outcomes in ADT and/or radiotherapy.
Article
Oncology
Grainne Sheill, Lauren Brady, Brian Hayes, Anne-Marie Baird, Emer Guinan, Rishabh Vishwakarma, Caroline Brophy, Tatjana Vlajnic, Orla Casey, Verena Murphy, John Greene, Emma Allott, Juliette Hussey, Fidelma Cahill, Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Nicola Peat, Lorelei Mucci, Moya Cunningham, Liam Grogan, Thomas Lynch, Rustom P. Manecksha, John McCaffrey, Dearbhaile O'Donnell, Orla Sheils, John O'Leary, Sarah Rudman, Ray McDermott, Stephen Finn
Summary: This paper examines the impact of a 6-month aerobic exercise intervention on secondary endpoints in men with metastatic prostate cancer. The results show that the intervention did not lead to changes in quality of life for patients with a high burden of metastatic disease. Further research is needed to understand the role of exercise for people living with metastatic prostate cancer.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sanna Iivanainen, Anne-Marie Baird, Bogdana Balas, Alberto Bustillos, Amparo Yovanna Castro Sanchez, Manuela Eicher, Sophie Golding, Mathis Mueller-Ohldach, Maria Reig, Manfred Welslau, Johannes Ammann
Summary: ORIGAMA is an interventional, multicountry platform study to investigate the clinical utility of digital patient monitoring (DPM) tools and specific treatments. It aims to assess the impact of the atezolizumab-specific Roche DPM Module on health outcomes and healthcare resource usage, and its feasibility to support at-home treatment administration. Other digital health solutions may be included in future cohorts.
Article
Oncology
Ming Tang, Joshua T. Burgess, Mark Fisher, Didier Boucher, Emma Bolderson, Neha S. Gandhi, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Derek J. Richard, Amila Suraweera
Summary: This study aimed to explore the binding pose of COMMD4-H2B and develop a H2B peptide that disrupts the COMMD4-H2B interaction, which could serve as a potential therapeutic target for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Rachel J. Keogh, Martin P. Barr, Anna Keogh, David McMahon, Anne-Marie Baird, Seamus Cotter, David Breen, Gerard J. Fitzmaurice, David Fitzpatrick, Cathal O'Brien, Stephen P. Finn, Jarushka Naidoo
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sugandha Bhatia, Jennifer H. Gunter, Joshua Burgess, Mark N. Adams, Kenneth O'Byrne, Erik W. Thompson, Pascal H. G. Duijf
Summary: Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP) is a characteristic of cancer that promotes invasion, metastasis, and therapy resistance. This study shows that non-cancerous human epithelial lung cells can spontaneously shift towards a mesenchymal-like state without genetic changes. This suggests that acquisition of metastasis-associated features may occur prior to genetic alterations and cancerous transformation.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Zachariah P. Schuurs, Alexander P. Martyn, Carl P. Soltau, Sam Beard, Esha T. Shah, Mark N. Adams, Laura V. Croft, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Derek J. Richard, Neha S. Gandhi
Summary: This study explores small molecules that bind to hSSB1, an important protein related to the survival of cancer cells. Through computational and experimental approaches, three small molecules were discovered that prevent hSSB1 from binding to DNA, potentially interfering with the cell's ability to repair DNA. Further research is needed to understand the interaction between these compounds and cells, and to develop them as selective hSSB1 inhibitors.
Article
Oncology
Mark Lawler, Lynne Davis, Simon Oberst, Kathy Oliver, Alexander Eggermont, Anna Schmutz, Carlo La Vecchia, Claudia Allemani, Yolande Lievens, Peter Naredi, Tanja Cufer, Ajay Aggarwal, Matti Aapro, Kathi Apostolidis, Anne-Marie Baird, Fatima Cardoso, Andreas Charalambous, Michel P. Coleman, Alberto Costa, Mirjam Crul, Csaba L. Degi, Federica Di Nicolantonio, Sema Erdem, Marius Geanta, Jan Geissler, Jacek Jassem, Beata Jagielska, Bengt Jonsson, Daniel Kelly, Olaf Kelm, Teodora Kolarova, Tezer Kutluk, Grant Lewison, Francoise Meunier, Jana Pelouchova, Thierry Philip, Richard Price, Beate Rau, Isabel T. Rubio, Peter Selby, Maja Juznic Sotlar, Gilliosa Spurrier-Bernard, Jolanda C. van Hoeve, Eduard Vrdoljak, Willien Westerhuis, Urszula Wojciechowska, Richard Sullivan
Summary: Cancer research is vital for improving cancer care, and patients treated in research-active hospitals have better outcomes. However, the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted cancer outcomes in Europe and set back progress by almost a decade. The Lancet Oncology European Groundshot Commission aims to use detailed data on cancer research to inform future cancer care strategies in Europe.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ming Tang, Amila Suraweera, Xuqiang Nie, Zilin Li, Pinglin Lai, James W. Wells, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Robert J. Woods, Emma Bolderson, Derek J. Richard
Summary: In this study, the atomic-level mechanisms of Banf1-DNA binding and the effects of mono- and di-phosphorylation on Banf1's DNA-binding capability were explored using molecular modelling and dynamics simulations. It was found that mono-phosphorylation induces changes in Banf1's secondary structure, leading to the elimination of its DNA-binding capability. The study also demonstrated that phosphorylated Banf1 binds to DNA with lower affinity and less stable binding poses. These findings have implications for predicting the effects of Banf1 mutations on its DNA-binding capability and potential development of therapeutic drugs targeting cell proliferation.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thais Sobanski, Amila Suraweera, Joshua T. Burgess, Iain Richard, Chee Man Cheong, Keyur Dave, Maddison Rose, Mark N. Adams, Kenneth J. O'Byrne, Derek J. Richard, Emma Bolderson
Summary: This study reveals that the glycolytic protein ALDOA plays a direct role in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. Upon DNA damage, ALDOA translocates into the nucleus and associates with the DNA DSB marker γ-H2AX. Depletion of ALDOA leads to increased DNA damage before and slower repair after ionising radiation. It is suggested that targeting ALDOA may be a potential strategy for simultaneous disruption of cancer metabolism and DNA repair.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
