Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Trevor Poitras, Douglas W. Zochodne
Summary: Common mechanisms of peripheral axon regeneration are recruited following diverse forms of damage to peripheral nerve axons. Supporting peripheral axon regrowth could be achieved through direct axon support or manipulation of the inflammatory milieu. Understanding the molecular barriers to regrowth and exploiting the downstream signaling pathways that impact neuron growth are promising approaches for promoting adult peripheral axon regeneration. This review emphasizes intrinsic aspects of adult peripheral axon regeneration and highlights several molecular barriers to regrowth.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yusheng Cai, Si Wang, Jing Qu, Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte, Guang-Hui Liu
Summary: Stem cell therapies offer promising approaches for treating various diseases by addressing stem cell exhaustion and dysfunction. Recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of stem cell regeneration and rejuvenation strategies utilizing intrinsic and extrinsic factors may pave the way for interventions to delay aging and treat age-associated diseases.
STEM CELLS TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Mei Jiang, Se Eun Jang, Li Zeng
Summary: In the mammalian brain, neurogenesis occurs mainly in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles, as well as other nonclassic neurogenic areas. Neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiate into neurons and integrate into existing neural networks during prenatal and early postnatal development. Impairments in neurogenesis can lead to brain dysfunction and neurological disorders. This review summarizes the properties and mechanisms of neurogenic niches, discusses the influence of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on neurogenesis, and explores the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on neurological sequelae.
Article
Cell Biology
Sophie Vanhunsel, Steven Bergmans, An Beckers, Isabelle Etienne, Tine Van Bergen, Lies De Groef, Lieve Moons
Summary: The study discovered a correlation between age and axonal regeneration ability in the optic nerve repair process of African turquoise killifish, with different stages of repair being influenced by age. This suggests that factors such as reduced intrinsic growth potential and non-supportive cellular environment are the basis for impaired regenerative ability.
Article
Hematology
Yaqi Zhao, Ibrahim Aldoss, Chunxu Qu, Jeremy Chase Crawford, Zhaohui Gu, Emma K. Allen, Anthony E. Zamora, Thomas B. Alexander, Jeremy Wang, Hiroaki Goto, Toshihiko Imamura, Koshi Akahane, Guido Marcucci, Anthony S. Stein, Ravi Bhatia, Paul G. Thomas, Stephen J. Forman, Charles G. Mullighan, Kathryn G. Roberts
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of blinatumomab in patients with B-progenitor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and found that both tumor-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors influence blinatumomab response. CD19 mutations were commonly detected in CD19(-) relapse during blinatumomab treatment, and the identification of the CD19 ex2part splice variant represents a new biomarker predictive of blinatumomab therapy failure.
Article
Neurosciences
Yuka Nakamura, Masaki Ueno, Jesse K. Niehaus, Richard A. Lang, Yi Zheng, Yutaka Yoshida
Summary: Deleting RhoA and RhoC genes to eliminate extrinsic inhibitory pathways, as well as deleting the PTEN gene to enhance intrinsic regenerative response, were found to promote neural circuit rewiring through a combinatorial approach. While this method increased the potential for rewiring, it did not significantly impact axon regrowth across the lesion and motor recovery.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Eileen Sophie Giesel, Basundhara Ghosh, Bjoern Malte Schaefer
Summary: This paper generalizes the linear model of galaxy intrinsic alignments to include intrinsic flexions. The model links the third moments of brightness distribution with distortions of elliptical galaxies caused by third derivatives of the gravitational potential or gradients of the tidal gravitational fields. The study finds that the spectra of intrinsic flexions are typically an order of magnitude smaller than lensing flexions and shows a negative cross-correlation between intrinsic and extrinsic gravitational flexions. The observability of intrinsic and extrinsic flexions is also quantified using the Fisher formalism, with the findings suggesting that intrinsic flexions are challenging to measure and may only be detectable under highly optimistic conditions.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Sarah Martin, Daniel A. Harrington, Samuel Ohlander, Samuel I. Stupp, Kevin T. McVary, Carol A. Podlasek
Summary: The research shows that SHH PA can suppress the apoptotic mechanisms of caspase 9 and 8, and inhibiting one mechanism does not shift signaling to the other mechanism.
NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhengmeng Xu, Kai Zhang, J. Li
Summary: The study reveals that both intrinsic damping and two-magnon scattering make significant contributions to the total Gilbert damping in epitaxial Fe thin films, leading to an enhanced total damping at low temperature. The results suggest a correlation between interfacial magnetic anisotropy and two-magnon scattering.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Huong Hoang-Thi, Shah Fahad, Ashfaq Ahmad Shah, Tung Nguyen-Huu-Minh, Tuan Nguyen-Anh, Song Nguyen-Van, Nguyen To-The, Huong Nguyen-Thi-Lan
Summary: This study aimed to assess the adoption behavior of water conservation among households in mountainous areas of Vietnam. The findings revealed positive correlations between intrinsic and extrinsic variables and five household water-use activities, with intrinsic factors having a positive effect and extrinsic factors having a detrimental impact on water conservation measures. Awareness of the effects of climate change was found to contribute to the adoption of water preservation strategies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saifeng Cheng, Markus Mittnenzweig, Yoav Mayshar, Aviezer Lifshitz, Marko Dunjic, Yoach Rais, Raz Ben-Yair, Stephanie Gehrs, Elad Chomsky, Zohar Mukamel, Hernan Rubinstein, Katharina Schlereth, Netta Reines, Ayelet-Hashahar Orenbuch, Amos Tanay, Yonatan Stelzer
Summary: By using temporal single-cell atlases, this study reveals that the loss of TET genes in mice leads to embryonic developmental failure. Tet-mutant cells can retain near-complete differentiation potential when developing within a wild-type embryo, but embryos solely composed of mutant cells exhibit defects in epiblast to ectoderm transition and degenerated mesoderm potential.
Review
Allergy
Melody C. Carter, Jane Park, Peter Vadas, Margitta Worm
Summary: The severity of anaphylaxis is influenced by various factors, including the source of allergens, the age of the affected individual, and the route of allergen exposure. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors further modulate the severity, with genetic predisposition and certain comorbidities proposed as intrinsic factors, and antihypertensive medications or physical activity as extrinsic factors. Recent studies have identified immunologic pathways that can exacerbate the response to allergens, and genetic alterations associated with specific conditions may increase the risk of severe anaphylaxis. Identifying risk factors that impact reactivity and severity of multisystem reactions is crucial in managing these patients.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY-IN PRACTICE
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mahesh Narayan
Summary: Disulfide bonds play a crucial role in protein physiology, affecting the functionality and stability of proteins, including their regeneration process in the biologically active form and their relationship with protective structures.
Review
Cell Biology
Patricia Jimenez Peinado, Anja Urbach
Summary: Since Altman's pioneering work, the number of publications on neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus has increased exponentially. The adult hippocampus contains neural stem cells that contribute to long-term neurogenesis and plasticity. However, with age, there is a decline in neurogenesis due to changes in NSC behavior and the surrounding environment, leading to the deterioration of cognitive functions related to the hippocampus. This review summarizes recent research on the aging of hippocampal neural stem cells, focusing on intrinsic mechanisms, as well as cellular and molecular changes in the niche and systemic environment that may contribute to the age-related decline in NSC functions.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Fatt Soon Lee, Sondi Sararaks, Weng Keong Yau, Zen Yang Ang, Anis-Syakira Jailani, Zulkarnain Abd Karim, Lin Naing, Thillainathan Krishnan, Ai Reen Chu, Suria Junus, Mohd Shahril Ahmad, Norhayaty Sapiee, Vicneas Wary Veloo, Sangetavani Manoharan, Maimunah A. Hamid
Summary: This study aimed to identify the extent and risk of falls in public hospitals among elderly patients. The results showed that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors were associated with falls. Intrinsic factors included personal history and living conditions, while extrinsic factors included hospital environmental facilities. Conducting fall investigations by querying patients produced better results.