Article
Environmental Sciences
J. I. Bertucci, J. Bellas
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the potential risk of the combined effect of global change factors and microplastic pollution on the growth and development of the sea urchin P. lividus. The results showed that exposure to decreased pH and microplastic caused a significant decrease in larval growth, while an increase in water temperature added additional stress, resulting in lower growth and altered development of the sea urchin larvae. The combined stress of ocean warming, acidification, and microplastic pollution may threaten sea urchin populations and have a potential impact on coastal ecosystems.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Alissa Bass, Thomas Wernberg, Mads Thomsen, Dan Smale
Summary: Recent experimental studies on the impact of climate change on marine ecosystems have increased, with a focus on single species and laboratory-based research. However, there has been a significant increase in multiple stressor experiments, as well as studies on behavioral responses, transgenerational effects, and extreme climate events.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
P. Gray, C. Garcia, C. Robinson, J. Bremner
Summary: This study investigates the sensitivity of benthic taxa to ocean acidification using a traits-based approach. The results show that the majority of benthic species are sensitive to acidification, with sensitivity hotspots being more widely distributed in the study region. The opportunities and limitations of this approach are also discussed.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Shama E. Haque
Summary: Emerging changes in water availability in Florida are the combined result of human perturbations, natural variability, and climate change. The state is vulnerable to sea level rise, saltwater intrusion, eutrophication, sedimentation, and ocean acidification. The review paper highlights the influences of changing climate on groundwater aquifers, eutrophication, the Everglades, runoff and sedimentation, and coastal water acidification. The findings indicate significant environmental impacts and the need for adaptation to climate change effects in Florida.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Abed El Rahman Hassoun, Ashley Bantelman, Donata Canu, Steeve Comeau, Charles Galdies, Jean-Pierre Gattuso, Michele Giani, Michael Grelaud, Iris Eline Hendriks, Valeria Ibello, Mohammed Idrissi, Evangelia Krasakopoulou, Nayrah Shaltout, Cosimo Solidoro, Peter W. W. Swarzenski, Patrizia Ziveri
Summary: This paper systematically analyzes the current status, trends, and gaps in ocean acidification (OA) research in the Mediterranean region. It highlights uneven geographic research capacity, poor quantification of the carbonate system in coastal zones, and the lack of studies on certain organism groups. The paper also points out the overall scarcity of socio-economic, paleontological, and modeling studies, as well as the absence of consistent OA policies in the Mediterranean Sea. Recommendations are provided to address these knowledge gaps.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuqiu Wei, Dongsheng Ding, Ting Gu, Yong Xu, Xuemei Sun, Keming Qu, Jun Sun, Zhengguo Cui
Summary: Data on the independent or combined effects of ocean acidification and warming on coastal eutrophication and organic pollution are limited. Acidification favors eutrophication and organic pollution, while warming inhibits these two variables. However, the interaction between acidification and warming in the future may exacerbate organic pollution but mitigate eutrophication.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Limnology
Martin Wahl, Francisco R. Barboza, Bjoern Buchholz, Sergey Dobretsov, Tamar Guy-Haim, Gil Rilov, Renate Schuett, Fabian Wolf, Jahangir Vajedsamiei, Maryam Yazdanpanah, Christian Pansch
Summary: The study revealed that ocean warming was beneficial in early and late summer in the Western Baltic, but detrimental during midsummer when temperatures were highest. Upwelling without ocean warming generally had weak benefits, but these benefits tended to disappear with increasing ocean warming. Late summer upwelling-induced hypoxia impacted some grazer species, but had no significant impact on macroalgae.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Davide Sartori, Guido Scatena, Cristina Andra Vrinceanu, Andrea Gaion
Summary: In this article, the deteriorating ability of sea urchin larvae to cope with toxicity of a reference contaminant over the past 20 years was reported, and the influence of 5 environmental factors was assessed. The study found that CO2 and pH showed a stronger correlation with the biological variable in the second subset of data compared to the first part. This study reveals a rapid deterioration of the health condition of this population of sea urchins in a coastal ecosystem due to the continuous increase in CO2 concentrations.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guillaume Vigouroux, Elina Kari, Jose M. Beltran-Abaunza, Petteri Uotila, Dekui Yuan, Georgia Destouni
Summary: The study in the Baltic Sea reveals that different coastal waters have varying levels of eutrophication impact and key influencing factors, highlighting the need to distinguish between more and less isolated coastal waters. Trends in eutrophication in open sea and coastal waters are related to climatic and hydrospheric drivers, while coastal waters are significantly influenced by anthropogenic land-based nutrient loads and sea ice cover duration.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Fisheries
Kenneth F. Drinkwater, Naomi Harada, Shigeto Nishino, Melissa Chierici, Seth L. Danielson, Randi B. Ingvaldsen, Trond Kristiansen, George L. Hunt, Franz Mueter, Jan Erik Stiansen, Emory Anderson
Summary: Recent studies have shown a significant decrease in sea-ice coverage at the two major inflow gateways to the Arctic under climate change. Projections indicate higher air and sea temperatures, resulting in less sea ice and increased precipitation in these regions. Other anticipated changes include lower water pH, decreased surface nutrient levels, and potential impacts on Arctic coastal communities.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Salvador E. Lluch-Cota, Pablo del Monte-Luna, Helen J. Gurney-Smith
Summary: Climate change necessitates adaptive measures in food production systems, particularly in marine fisheries. Incremental adaptation has proven to be insufficient, thus transformative adaptation offers an opportunity for a timely transition towards climate-resilient conditions. Transformative adaptation in fisheries, taking into account past non climate change-oriented deep transformations and the unique attributes of marine fisheries, should be implemented locally and regionally but designed globally. Two transformational options are proposed: prioritizing food security and adopting a climate-responsive ecosystem approach for fisheries management. Successful adoption hinges on addressing scientific uncertainty, political will, risk perception, regulatory processes, and financial costs through international cooperation, information flow, stewardship mechanisms, and traceable compliance evidence.
CURRENT OPINION IN ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhan Ban, Xiangang Hu, Jinghong Li
Summary: The authors utilize machine learning models to identify multifactor tipping points of global marine phytoplankton. The study reveals that temperature and carbon dioxide are the key risks, and predicts that the tipping points of production and resistance in tropical areas will be crossed by 2100.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
J. I. Bertucci, A. Juez, J. Bellas
Summary: The combined effects of ocean acidification and microplastic pollution on the early development of Paracentrotus lividus were studied. The results showed that both ocean acidification and microplastics can alter the growth and morphology of the embryo, with observed differences in morphology related to decreased width of larvae. The changes in larvae shape could affect their buoyancy and ability to obtain and ingest food.
Article
Limnology
Mandy Velthuis, Joost. A. Keuskamp, Elisabeth S. Bakker, Maarten Boersma, Ulrich Sommer, Ellen van Donk, Dedmer B. Van de Waal
Summary: This study examines the stoichiometric responses of marine phytoplankton to elevated pCO(2) and warming, and finds that elevated pCO(2) increases C:N and C:P ratios and enhances phytoplankton growth rates. However, warming does not consistently alter phytoplankton elemental composition. These findings suggest a stoichiometric compensation mechanism for reduced oceanic carbon export due to declining primary production in the future.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Eric Mortenson, Andrew Lenton, Elizabeth H. Shadwick, Thomas W. Trull, Matthew A. Chamberlain, Xuebin Zhang
Summary: The ocean serves as a major sink for anthropogenic heat and carbon, but the trajectories of heat and CO2 uptake diverge over the 21st century due to regional differences in physical and chemical drivers. Regional variations in heat-to-carbon uptake ratios will result in coherent regional patterns for sea surface warming and acidification by the end of this century.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Henrik Svedang, Oleg Savchuk, Anna Villnas, Alf Norkko, Bo G. Gustafsson, Sofia A. Wikstrom, Christoph Humborg, Anna Kuparinen
Summary: Hypoxia is seen as the main factor behind the decline of the Eastern Baltic cod stock, but it is not the direct cause of the decline in EBC productivity. Over the past 60 years, hydrographic conditions in the Bornholm Basin have remained unchanged, while spawning conditions deteriorated in the Gotland Deep due to hypoxia. Additionally, in the past 30 years, well-oxygenated and potentially suitable feeding areas for EBC remain abundant in various parts of the Baltic Sea.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marieke Scheel, Mats Lindeskog, Benjamin Smith, Susanne Suvanto, Thomas A. M. Pugh
Summary: This study explores the factors driving changes in tree mortality rates in Central Europe, including climate drivers, management, and age structure. The findings suggest that forest productivity and management play a significant role in impacting regional-scale patterns of tree mortality. The study also emphasizes the challenge of comparing tree mortality trends from different observation types.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Julia Muchowski, Lars Umlauf, Lars Arneborg, Peter Holtermann, Elizabeth Weidner, Christoph Humborg, Christian Stranne
Summary: Stratified oceanic turbulence is often underresolved by conventional observational approaches. Broadband acoustic observations of turbulent microstructure have the potential to provide higher resolution mixing parameters. This study compares broadband acoustic observations with data from a turbulence microstructure profiler and finds that it can provide a quantitative description of turbulence energy dissipation in stratified shear layers.
JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Konstantin Gregor, Thomas Knoke, Andreas Krause, Christopher P. O. Reyer, Mats Lindeskog, Phillip Papastefanou, Benjamin Smith, Anne-Sofie Lanso, Anja Rammig
Summary: Forests play a crucial role in mitigating climate change by storing carbon and reducing emissions. They also provide other important ecosystem services, but are vulnerable to climate change. Climate-smart forestry combines mitigation and adaptation, while ensuring the provision of ecosystem services. However, uncertainties about future climate pose challenges. This study assesses how various ecosystem services can be guaranteed under different climate futures in Europe, highlighting trade-offs and the need for concrete strategies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Isabel Martinez Cano, Elena Shevliakova, Sergey Malyshev, Jasmin G. John, Yan Yu, Benjamin Smith, Stephen W. Pacala
Summary: This study investigates the response of tropical forests to climate change impacts. The research finds that under low emissions scenarios, the biomass of the Amazon tropical forest will increase, but under high emissions, fires will lead to forest loss and hinder recovery. Furthermore, the study reveals that current climate conditions of drought and decreased precipitation intensify the occurrence of fires.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wenmin Zhang, Guy Schurgers, Josep Penuelas, Rasmus Fensholt, Hui Yang, Jing Tang, Xiaowei Tong, Philippe Ciais, Martin Brandt
Summary: The impact of tropical temperature fluctuations on the growth rate of atmospheric CO(2) is no longer significant in recent decades. This is primarily due to increased precipitation, which has weakened the link between the carbon cycle and tropical temperature variation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. Muchowski, L. Arneborg, L. Umlauf, P. Holtermann, E. Eisbrenner, C. Humborg, M. Jakobsson, C. Stranne
Summary: Diapycnal mixing affects the vertical transport rates of salt, heat, and other dissolved substances, which are crucial for the overturning circulation and ecosystem functioning in marine systems. This study investigates the overall impact of non-tidal flow over multiple small-scale bathymetric features on a strongly-stratified density interface in a coastal region. The findings highlight the importance of rough small-scale bathymetric features for the vertical transport of salt in coastal areas.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jing Tang, Putian Zhou, Paul A. Miller, Guy Schurgers, Adrian Gustafson, Risto Makkonen, Yongshuo H. Fu, Riikka Rinnan
Summary: Strong, ongoing high-latitude warming is causing changes to vegetation composition and plant productivity, modifying plant emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Climate feedback resulting from BVOCs as precursors of atmospheric aerosols could be more important in the sparsely populated high latitudes with clean background air. We quantitatively assess changes in vegetation composition, BVOC emissions, and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation under different climate scenarios and find that warming-induced vegetation changes largely determine the spatial patterns of future BVOC impacts on SOA.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Jennifer A. Holm, David M. Medvigy, Benjamin Smith, Jeffrey S. Dukes, Claus Beier, Mikhail Mishurov, Xiangtao Xu, Jeremy W. Lichstein, Craig D. Allen, Klaus S. Larsen, Yiqi Luo, Cari Ficken, William T. Pockman, William R. L. Anderegg, Anja Rammig
Summary: Climatic extreme events are expected to occur more frequently in the future, increasing the likelihood of unprecedented climate extremes (UCEs) or record-breaking events. UCEs, such as extreme heatwaves and droughts, substantially affect ecosystem stability and carbon cycling by increasing plant mortality and delaying ecosystem recovery.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lina Teckentrup, Martin G. De Kauwe, Gab Abramowitz, Andrew J. Pitman, Anna M. Ukkola, Sanaa Hobeichi, Bastien Francois, Benjamin Smith
Summary: This study investigates the uncertainty associated with climate forcing in regional projections of the Australian carbon cycle. Bias correction methods are tested to reduce climate-driven uncertainty, with multivariate methods showing greater reduction. Machine learning approaches, particularly random forest, provide the closest results to the target dataset. However, differences in simulated vegetation distribution still occur when using different GCMs as input.
EARTH SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Qi Guan, Jing Tang, Lian Feng, Stefan Olin, Guy Schurgers
Summary: In the past 50 years, the use of chemical fertilizers in agricultural ecosystems on the Yangtze Plain has increased significantly, potentially leading to eutrophication in freshwater ecosystems. However, the long-term trends of nitrogen dynamics and their impact on eutrophication in this region remain poorly studied. This study investigated the nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen leaching in the Yangtze Plain from 1979 to 2018, and found a decrease in agricultural nitrogen use efficiency and an increase in nitrogen leaching. The study also showed the importance of terrestrial nutrient sources in the eutrophication changes of the lakes in the Yangtze Plain, calling for region-specific nutrient management to improve water quality.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
David Martin Belda, Peter Anthoni, David Warlind, Stefan Olin, Guy Schurgers, Jing Tang, Benjamin Smith, Almut Arneth
Summary: Land biosphere processes play a central role in the climate system, interacting with the atmosphere through feedback loops to modulate energy, water, and CO2 fluxes. This study modifies the LPJ-GUESS DGVM to enable its direct integration into an Earth system model, allowing for the simulation of diurnal land-atmosphere exchanges and providing surface boundary conditions for atmospheric models. Evaluation against FLUXNET2015 data shows reasonable agreement between observed and simulated fluxes, although differences in ecosystem function vary across land cover types.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Review
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Karol Kulinski, Gregor Rehder, Eero Asmala, Alena Bartosova, Jacob Carstensen, Bo Gustafsson, Per O. J. Hall, Christoph Humborg, Tom Jilbert, Klaus Juergens, H. E. Markus Meier, Barbel Muller-Karulis, Michael Naumann, Jorgen E. Olesen, Oleg Savchuk, Andreas Schramm, Caroline P. Slomp, Mikhail Sofiev, Anna Sobek, Beata Szymczycha, Emma Undeman
Summary: This paper reviews the biogeochemical functioning of the Baltic Sea and its impact on the ecological status. The Baltic Sea has undergone significant changes in recent decades, and the reduction in nutrient loads has not yet resulted in improved oxygen availability due to the low burial efficiency of phosphorus. The assessment also highlights the knowledge gaps and future research needs in marine biogeochemistry in the Baltic Sea.
EARTH SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chunjing Qiu, Philippe Ciais, Dan Zhu, Bertrand Guenet, Jinfeng Chang, Nitin Chaudhary, Thomas Kleinen, XinYu Li, Jurek Muller, Yi Xi, Wenxin Zhang, Ashley Ballantyne, Simon C. Brewer, Victor Brovkin, Dan J. Charman, Adrian Gustafson, Angela Gallego-Sala, Thomas Gasser, Joseph Holden, Fortunat Joos, Min Jung Kwon, Ronny Lauerwald, Paul A. Miller, Shushi Peng, Susan Page, Benjamin Smith, Benjamin D. Stocker, A. Britta K. Sannel, Elodie Salmon, Guy Schurgers, Narasinha J. Shurpali, David Warlind, Sebastian Westermann
Summary: Northern peatlands are at risk from climate warming and soil drying, which could result in increased CO2 emissions and methane release. Our study highlights the importance of understanding the potential carbon losses from northern peatlands in future warming scenarios.
