Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Marcelo Rodrigues de Souza, Everson Dal Piva
Summary: Extratropical cyclones in the Southern Ocean have been studied in terms of their characteristics, spatial distribution, and cyclogenesis. These cyclones form a belt around the Antarctic continent, with greater concentration in the Southern Ocean sector adjacent to the southern Pacific Ocean. The regions of the Somov, Amundsen, and Bellingshausen seas exhibit a higher track density of moderate and strong cyclones. The HG3 model shows a good ability to represent the main patterns of cyclonic activity, despite underestimating the total number of cyclones in the Southern Ocean.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Louise Rayne, Filippo Brandolini, Jen Lavris Makovics, Emily Hayes-Rich, Jackson Levy, Hope Irvine, Lima Assi, Youssef Bokbot
Summary: Understanding the causes of long-term desertification is crucial for adapting to climate change and resource pressures. Existing maps do not accurately depict the extent of degraded land or traditional water systems. This study presents a new machine-learning workflow using satellite data to detect desertification. The approach was tested with a case study in southern Morocco and achieved an accuracy of 74-76% for classifying desertified fields. Traditional irrigation systems supplying the oasis were mapped using image interpretation and archaeological survey.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tristan Millet, Hassan Bencherif, Aziza Bounhir, Nelson Begue, Kevin Lamy, Marion Ranaivombola, Zouhair Benkhaldoun, Thierry Portafaix, Valentin Duflot
Summary: The present study investigates the optical properties of aerosols on daily and seasonal scales in Southern Morocco. The results show the prevalence of seasonal variations in aerosol optical depth (AOD), with a maximum in summer and a minimum in winter. The study also reveals the regular transport of desert dust aerosols in Southern Morocco during summer. The MERRA-2 dataset is found to be more appropriate for the study region, and both observations and model analysis confirm the dominance of desert dust aerosols in summer and anthropogenic and oceanic aerosols in winter.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. O. Jones, R. J. Foley, G. Narayan, J. Hjorth, M. E. Huber, P. D. Aleo, K. D. Alexander, C. R. Angus, K. Auchettl, V. F. Baldassare, S. H. Bruun, K. C. Chambers, D. Chatterjee, D. L. Coppejans, D. A. Coulter, L. DeMarchi, G. Dimitriadis, M. R. Drout, A. Engel, K. D. French, A. Gagliano, C. Gall, T. Hung, L. Izzo, W. V. Jacobson-Galan, C. D. Kilpatrick, H. Korhonen, R. Margutti, S. I. Raimundo, E. Ramirez-Ruiz, A. Rest, C. Rojas-Bravo, M. R. Siebert, S. J. Smartt, K. W. Smith, G. Terreran, Q. Wang, R. Wojtak, A. Agnello, Z. Ansari, N. Arendse, A. Baldeschi, P. K. Blanchard, D. Brethauer, J. S. Bright, J. S. Brown, T. J. L. de Boer, S. A. Dodd, J. R. Fairlamb, C. Grillo, A. Hajela, C. Hede, A. N. Kolborg, J. A. P. Law-Smith, C. -C. Lin, E. A. Magnier, K. Malanchev, D. Matthews, B. Mockler, D. Muthukrishna, Y. -C. Pan, H. Pfister, D. K. Ramanah, S. Rest, A. Sarangi, S. L. Schroder, C. Stauffer, M. C. Stroh, K. L. Taggart, S. Tinyanont, R. J. Wainscoat
Summary: The Young Supernova Experiment (YSE) is a novel optical time-domain survey designed to discover fast-rising supernovae within a few hours to days of explosion. The survey has already discovered or observed around 8.3% of transient candidates reported in 2020 to the International Astronomical Union, and aims to find approximately 5000 new SNe per year in the future.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Soukaina Targhi, Nadia Barhoun, Naima Bachiri Taoufiq, Mohamed Achab, Abdallah Ait Salem, Mohamed Zakaria Yousfi
Summary: Through studying the narrowing of the Southern Rifian Corridor and the sedimentary records of ecological, tectonic, and environmental events during the Late Miocene, this research provides insights into the evolution of marine and continental environments during the Tortonian-Messinian Transition.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yan Ming Wang, Laura Sanchez, Jonas Agren, Jianliang Huang, Rene Forsberg, Hussein A. Abd-Elmotaal, Kevin Ahlgren, Riccardo Barzaghi, Tomislav Basic, Daniela Carrion, Sten Claessens, Bihter Erol, Serdar Erol, Mick Filmer, Vassilios N. Grigoriadis, Mustafa Serkan Isik, Tao Jiang, Oyku Koc, Jordan Krcmaric, Xiaopeng Li, Qing Liu, Koji Matsuo, Dimitris A. Natsiopoulos, Pavel Novak, Roland Pail, Martin Pitonak, Michael Schmidt, Matej Varga, Georgios S. Vergos, Marc Veronneau, Martin Willberg, Philipp Zingerle
Summary: The primary objective of the 1-cm geoid experiment in Colorado (USA) is to compare different geoid computation methods around the world, aiming to achieve a 1-cm accuracy. The experiment shows that the quasigeoid can be computed with an accuracy of around 2 cm in Colorado's rugged terrain.
JOURNAL OF GEODESY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Jamila Fakchich, Mostafa Elachouri
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the ethnobotanical field studies carried out in Morocco from 1991 to 2015, to document traditional medicinal plant uses, explore the relationship between local and biomedical disease concepts, and evaluate the methodologies used. Results showed a rich wealth of indigenous knowledge on traditional plant uses in Moroccan society, with potential for further research and utilization of medicinal plants.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Kevin France, Brian Fleming, Arika Egan, Jean-Michel Desert, Luca Fossati, Tommi T. Koskinen, Nicholas Nell, Pascal Petit, Aline A. Vidotto, Matthew Beasley, Nicholas DeCicco, Aickara Gopinathan Sreejith, Ambily Suresh, Jared Baumert, P. Wilson Cauley, Carolina Villarreal D'Angelo, Keri Hoadley, Robert Kane, Richard Kohnert, Julian Lambert, Stefan Ulrich
Summary: Atmospheric escape is a fundamental process that affects the structure and evolution of planets. The Colorado Ultraviolet Transit Experiment (CUTE) is a CubeSat mission designed to study the extended atmospheres of nearby planets using near-ultraviolet stellar brightness distribution. CUTE carries a magnifying near-ultraviolet spectrograph and has been conducting transit spectroscopy survey since its launch in September 2021. This paper presents the mission details and initial on-orbit science observations, demonstrating the potential of small satellites in this type of research.
ASTRONOMICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Greg M. McFarquhar, Christopher S. Bretherton, Roger Marchand, Alain Protat, Paul J. DeMott, Simon P. Alexander, Greg C. Roberts, Cynthia H. Twohy, Darin Toohey, Steve Siems, Yi Huang, Robert Wood, Robert M. Rauber, Sonia Lasher-Trapp, Jorgen Jensen, Jeffrey L. Stith, Jay Mace, Junshik Um, Emma Jaervinen, Martin Schnaiter, Andrew Gettelman, Kevin J. Sanchez, Christina S. McCluskey, Lynn M. Russell, Isabel L. McCoy, Rachel L. Atlas, Charles G. Bardeen, Kathryn A. Moore, Thomas C. J. Hill, Ruhi S. Humphries, Melita D. Keywood, Zoran Ristovski, Luke Cravigan, Robyn Schofield, Chris Fairall, Marc D. Mallet, Sonia M. Kreidenweis, Bryan Rainwater, John D'Alessandro, Yang Wang, Wei Wu, Georges Saliba, Ezra J. T. Levin, Saisai Ding, Francisco Lang, Son C. H. Truong, Cory Wolff, Julie Haggerty, Mike J. Harvey, Andrew R. Klekociuk, Adrian McDonald
Summary: Projects between 2016 and 2018 conducted comprehensive measurements of thermodynamics, surface radiation, cloud, precipitation, aerosol, and other factors over the Southern Ocean cold waters. Findings indicate a high dependence of cloud properties on aerosols, and the importance of dynamics and turbulence in driving cloud phase heterogeneity.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Mhammad Houssni, Jalal Kassout, Mohamed El Mahroussi, Soufian Chakkour, Mohamed Kadiri, Mohammed Ater, Alexandru-Ionut Petrisor
Summary: Oases are crucial for human societies and biodiversity conservation, particularly in harsh environments like arid zones. They serve as sanctuaries for agrodiversity, preserving diverse agricultural resources under challenging climatic conditions. However, these agroecosystems are increasingly vulnerable to climate fluctuations, droughts, and environmental changes.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abdou Khouakhi, Fatima Driouech, Louise Slater, Toby Waine, Omar Chafki, Abdelghani Chehbouni, Otmane Raji
Summary: This study assessed the frequency and characteristics of landfalling atmospheric rivers (ARs) in Morocco from 1979 to 2020. The results showed that approximately 36 ARs make landfall in Morocco each year, with the highest occurrences in autumn and winter. The northern and Atlantic regions of Morocco receive the highest rainfall from ARs, while the driest regions in the south receive about one-third of their annual rainfall from ARs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
J. T. Pasquier, R. O. David, G. Freitas, R. Gierens, Y. Gramlich, S. Haslett, G. Li, B. Schaefer, K. Siegel, J. Wieder, K. Adachi, F. Belosi, T. Carlsen, S. Decesari, K. Ebell, S. Gilardoni, M. Gysel-Beer, J. Henneberger, J. Inoue, Z. A. Kanji, M. Koike, Y. Kondo, R. Krejci, U. Lohmann, M. Maturilli, M. Mazzolla, R. Modini, C. Mohr, G. Motos, A. Nenes, A. Nicosia, S. Ohata, M. Paglione, S. Park, R. E. Pileci, F. Ramelli, M. Rinaldi, C. Ritter, K. Sato, T. Storelvmo, Y. Tobo, R. Traversi, A. Viola, P. Zieger
Summary: The Arctic is warming at a rate more than twice the global average. However, the interactions among clouds, aerosols, and radiative fluxes in the Arctic are still poorly understood. To address these uncertainties, the Ny-angstrom lesund Aerosol Cloud Experiment (NASCENT) study was conducted. This study aims to elucidate the life cycle of aerosols in the Arctic and determine how they modulate cloud properties.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ilyass Filali Alaoui, Mohamed Ait Hamza, Hinde Benjlil, Amine Idhmida, Amina Braimi, Elmahdi Mzough, Ayoub Hallouti, Khadija Basaid, James Nicholas Furze, Inga A. Zasada, Timothy Paulitz, Zahra Ferji, Abdelhamid El Mousadik, El Hassan Mayad
Summary: The agroecological productivity of the Arganeraie Biosphere Reserve in Morocco is limited by plant parasitic nematodes, requiring ecological studies of nematode communities to develop effective biological management. Soil and climatic variables were seen to have significant impacts on the abundance and distribution of nematodes, with a combination of biological treatments and proper agroecological practices needed for sustainable management.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Mandana Amiri, Kevin Bandura, Anja Boskovic, Tianyue Chen, Jean-Francois Cliche, Meiling Deng, Nolan Denman, Matt Dobbs, Mateus Fandino, Simon Foreman, Mark Halpern, David Hanna, Alex S. Hill, Gary Hinshaw, Carolin Hofer, Joseph Kania, Peter Klages, T. L. Landecker, Joshua MacEachern, Kiyoshi Masui, Juan Mena-Parra, Nikola Milutinovic, Arash Mirhosseini, Laura Newburgh, Rick Nitsche, Anna Ordog, Ue-Li Pen, Tristan Pinsonneault-Marotte, Ava Polzin, Alex Reda, Andre Renard, J. Richard Shaw, Seth R. Siegel, Saurabh Singh, Rick Smegal, Ian Tretyakov, Kwinten Van Gassen, Keith Vanderlinde, Haochen Wang, Donald Wiebe, James S. Willis, Dallas Wulf
Summary: The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) is a drift scan radio telescope designed to map neutral hydrogen and constrain the expansion history of the universe. CHIME consists of four parallel cylindrical reflectors and a 256-element dual-polarization linear feed array. It utilizes an FX correlator to digitize and correlate signals, generating different correlation products for various purposes. The instrument's performance has been evaluated based on three years of science data, and progress has been made in characterizing CHIME's primary beam response.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Pallabi Das
Summary: The trigger system of the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment is continuously evolving and being upgraded to handle higher data loads and new experimental signals. These upgrades will increase trigger rates and latency time, as well as provide more granularity and pseudorapidity coverage.