Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Chen-Cheng Lin, Yia-Ping Liu
Summary: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a clinical mental abnormality characterized by symptoms such as flashbacks, nightmares, and uncontrollable thoughts. This article reviews pharmacological interventions for adjusting abnormal fear memory and explores the roles of central monoaminergic systems and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Understanding these mechanisms may provide valuable insights for clinicians managing PTSD.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ling Chen, Kaiping Liu, Yulu Wang, Na Liu, Minjie Yao, Jinlan Hu, Gang Wang, Yindi Sun, Jianchun Pan
Summary: The study showed that the PDE2 inhibitor Bay 60-7550 reversed SPS-induced depression- and anxiety-like behavior and fear memory deficits in mice, and prevented changes in neuroprotective molecules and synaptic proteins.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Bongjun Sur, Sunoh Kwon, Dae-Hyun Hahm, Bombi Lee
Summary: The results of this study suggest that protocatechuic acid (PCA) can improve fear extinction, depression, and anxiety symptoms in rats by modulating the serotonergic nervous system and monoamines. This indicates that PCA may have potential in preventing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
P. G. Taylor Miller, M. Sinclair, P. Gillen, J. E. M. McCullough, P. W. Miller, D. P. Farrell, P. F. Slater, E. Shapiro, P. Klaus
Summary: Early psychological interventions within 72 hours following traumatic childbirth are more effective in reducing traumatic stress symptoms in post-partum women at 4-6 weeks. Further studies of high methodological quality with longer follow-up are needed to substantiate the effectiveness of specific psychological intervention modalities in preventing stress symptoms and PTSD in women following traumatic birth.
Article
Neurosciences
Carina A. Martin, Rany Vorn, Martin Schrieber, Chen Lai, Sijung Yun, Hyung-Suk Kim, Jessica Gill
Summary: The study compared DNA methylation patterns in patients with physical trauma and identified genes related to PTSD and MDD. These epigenetic changes could be used as potential biomarkers for predicting the onset of PTSD or MDD following traumatic events.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
John R. Vanuk, Edward F. Pace-Schott, Ayla Bullock, Simon Esbit, Natalie S. Dailey, William D. S. Killgore
Summary: Disrupted sleep is common in clinical disorders and can affect affective memory processing. This study examined the use of blue-wavelength light therapy (BLT) to regulate sleep and circadian rhythms in PTSD patients. The results showed that BLT was associated with improvements in PTSD symptoms, decreased sleep-related complaints, and improved retention of extinction memories. These findings suggest that blue light treatment may enhance treatment outcomes by promoting the consolidation of extinction memories through improved sleep.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chen-Cheng Lin, Pao-Yun Cheng, Michael Hsiao, Yia-Ping Liu
Summary: The study suggests that early intervention with a GR antagonist can improve fear and anxiety dysregulation caused by traumatic stress and correct related neurochemical abnormalities. This is of great significance for the treatment of psychological disorders following trauma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Victor M. Tang, Kathleen Trought, Kristina M. Gicas, Mari Kozak, Sheena A. Josselyn, Zafiris J. Daskalakis, Daniel M. Blumberger, Daphne Voineskos, Yuliya Knyahnytska, Suvercha Pasricha, Yuan Chung, Young Zhou, Moshe Isserles, Albert H. C. Wong
Summary: This study aimed to test the use of ECT to disrupt the reconsolidation of traumatic memories as a potential treatment for PTSD. The results showed that pairing ECT with pre-treatment traumatic memory reactivation was not more effective for treating PTSD symptoms than ECT alone, but provided further support for the efficacy of ECT for improving symptoms of PTSD with comorbid depression.
Article
Neurosciences
Raquel Martinho, Gabriela Correia, Rafaela Seixas, Ana Oliveira, Soraia Silva, Paula Serrao, Carlos Fernandes-Lopes, Cristina Costa, Monica Moreira-Rodrigues
Summary: The DBH inhibitor nepicastat treatment reduces freezing response in PTSD mice model, decreases adrenal gland DBH activity and catecholamines levels, and increases Npas4 and Bdnf mRNA expression in the hippocampus.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marina V. Kondashevskaya, Lyudmila M. Mikhaleva, Kseniya A. Artemyeva, Valentina V. Aleksankina, David A. Areshidze, Maria A. Kozlova, Anton A. Pashkov, Eugenia B. Manukhina, H. Fred Downey, Olga B. Tseilikman, Oleg N. Yegorov, Maxim S. Zhukov, Julia O. Fedotova, Marina N. Karpenko, Vadim E. Tseilikman
Summary: PTSD is associated with disturbed hepatic morphology and metabolism. This study compared the effects of experimental PTSD on high anxiety and low anxiety rats and found that high anxiety rats had dystrophic changes in hepatocytes and increased plasma ALT and AST activities, while low anxiety rats had predominance of medium-sized mitochondria. These results suggest a link between mitochondrial dysfunction, hepatic damage, and heightened anxiety in PTSD rats.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Thomas S. Cotrone, Charina B. Hocog, Joseph T. Ramsey, Marcus A. Sanchez, Heather M. Sullivan, Angus G. Scrimgeour
Summary: Psychological trauma alters the expression of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers in microglia, as shown in a rat model study. Fear conditioning and extinction experiments further demonstrate the impact of trauma on fear resolution and immunological phenotype. Future research should focus on understanding the mechanistic role of microglia in PTSD pathology.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiao Han, Xiankui Song, Dake Song, Guanbo Xie, Hongyan Guo, Ning Wu, Jin Li
Summary: This study found that Cannabidiol (CBD) can alleviate symptoms of PTSD in mice by modulating fear memory and anxiety-like behavior, while increasing social interaction. CBD can be administered at different stages and still be effective, whereas sertraline is only effective when given before behavioral tests.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Sharareh Farahimanesh, Alireza Moradi, Meysam Sadeghi
Summary: This study investigates the correlation between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and autobiographical memory bias in cancer patients, and explores the effectiveness of Competitive Memory Training (COMET) as an intervention in modifying the processing of autobiographical information and reducing PTSD symptoms. The findings suggest that COMET intervention is promising in alleviating autobiographical memory bias and reducing depression symptoms in cancer patients with PTSD.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Lucija Tudor, Marcela Konjevod, Gordana Nedic Erjavec, Matea Nikolac Perkovic, Suzana Uzun, Oliver Kozumplik, Vlatka Zoldos, Gordan Lauc, Dubravka Svob Strac, Nela Pivac
Summary: This study found significant associations between certain polymorphisms in the HNF1A gene and methylation at the CpG3 site, as well as certain N-glycans in plasma, in patients with PTSD. These findings suggest that the investigated HNF1A polymorphisms may play a regulatory role in the abundance of certain plasma N-glycans, which could contribute to the clinical manifestation of PTSD and its comorbidities.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Hannah Berg, Yizhou Ma, Amanda Rueter, Antonia Kaczkurkin, Philip C. Burton, Colin G. DeYoung, Angus W. MacDonald, Scott R. Sponheim, Shmuel M. Lissek
Summary: This study focused on the generalization of conditioned-fear in PTSD and its neural correlates within major brain networks. Results indicate that responses in salience (SN), central executive (CEN), and default networks (DN) fall along generalization gradients, with levels of generalization scaling with PTSD symptom severity. These findings suggest that levels of generalization in SN and CEN could serve as promising neural markers of PTSD.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2021)