期刊
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
卷 5, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2014.00062
关键词
thyroid hormones; adult neurogenesis; brain functions; adult neural stem cells; plasticity; physiology
资金
- Association Francaise contre les Myopathies (AFM) [MNM1 2012-14685]
- European Union [259772]
- French ANR Thrast [11BSV2 019 02]
The vital roles of thyroid hormone in multiple aspects of perinatal brain development have been known for over a century. In the last decades, the molecular mechanisms underlying effects of thyroid hormone on proliferation, differentiation, migration, synaptogenesis, and myelination in the developing nervous system have been gradually dissected. However, recent data reveal that thyroid signaling influences neuronal development throughout life, from early embryogenesis to the neurogenesis in the adult brain. This review deals with the latter phase and analyses current knowledge on the role of T-3, the active form of thyroid hormone, and its receptors in regulating neural stem cell function in the hippocampus and the subventricular zone, the two principal sites harboring neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain. In particular, we discuss the critical roles of T-3 and TR alpha 1 in commitment to a neuronal phenotype, a process that entails the repression of a number of genes notably that encoding the pluripotency factor, Sox2. Furthermore, the question of the relevance of thyroid hormone control of adult neurogenesis is considered in the context of brain aging, cognitive decline, and neurodegenerative disease.
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