Review
Microbiology
Katie M. M. Strobel, Sandra E. E. Juul, David Taylor Hendrixson
Summary: Appropriate nutrition during pregnancy and post-partum period is crucial for the health of both mothers and their babies. Under- and over-nourishment can greatly impact the gut microbiomes of both the mother and the infant, which in turn can affect the risk of obesity and metabolic diseases. This review examines how different factors such as pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational weight gain, gestational diabetes, and maternal diet can alter the microbial composition of the gut, vaginal, placental, and milk microbiomes. Understanding these implications is important for the long-term health of offspring. Future studies are needed to further explore the relationship between nutrition and the microbiome, and to investigate potential interventions to improve the health outcomes of mother and child.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Min Chen, Shizhao Li, Itika Arora, Nengjun Yi, Manvi Sharma, Zhenhai Li, Trygve O. Tollefsbol, Yuanyuan Li
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal exposure to genistein (GE), a natural isoflavone enriched in soybean products, on the prevention of overnutrition-induced breast cancer later in life. The results showed that maternal dietary GE treatment improved metabolic functions and delayed mammary tumor development in offspring mice. The study suggested that maternal GE consumption could effectively intervene in early-life obesity-related metabolic disorders and breast cancer by influencing the interplay between early-life gut microbiota, microbial metabolite profiles, and offspring epigenome.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carolina Constantin, Mihaela Surcel, Adriana Munteanu, Monica Neagu, Jean Christopher Chamcheu
Summary: Psoriasis, an autoimmune chronic inflammatory skin condition, is influenced by genetic factors, immune disturbances, and environmental factors, especially the Western lifestyle and overall diet. Obesity is identified as a significant risk factor for psoriasis, aggravating the disease, while weight reduction can improve clinical outcomes. The connection between obesity and psoriasis lies in the pro-inflammatory effects of white adipose tissue, which is an important endocrine organ. This paper emphasizes the importance of nutrition strategies in psoriasis management.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gertrude Ecklu-Mensah, Jack Gilbert, Suzanne Devkota
Summary: Diet plays a crucial role in shaping the gut microbiota, with dietary selection pressures throughout life influencing the composition and diversity of microorganisms. Personalized dietary solutions should be tailored to an individual's personal history and nutritional needs.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Duan Zhao, Yusi Liu, Shanshan Jia, Yiwen He, Xiaowei Wei, Dan Liu, Wei Ma, Wenting Luo, Hui Gu, Zhengwei Yuan
Summary: Obesity during pregnancy affects obstetric problems and poor outcomes, but the molecular mechanisms behind this are still unclear. This review summarizes the maternal and fetal pathophysiological alterations induced by gestational obesity using omics detection techniques.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Siofra E. Maher, Eileen C. O'Brien, Rebecca L. Moore, David F. Byrne, Aisling A. Geraghty, Radka Saldova, Eileen F. Murphy, Douwe Van Sinderen, Paul D. Cotter, Fionnuala M. McAuliffe
Summary: During pregnancy, the maternal gut microbiome and potentially the fetal microbiome undergo changes. Diet has been shown to impact the gut microbiome, but little research has been conducted on diet during pregnancy. This review identified seven studies showing an association between maternal diet and gut microbiome, with high-fat diets being associated with reduced microbial diversity and fiber intake being positively associated with microbial diversity.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nathan Matusheski, Aoife Caffrey, Lars Christensen, Simon Mezgec, Shelini Surendran, Mads F. Hjorth, Helene McNulty, Kristina Pentieva, Henrik M. Roager, Barbara Korousic Seljak, Karani Santhanakrishnan Vimaleswaran, Marcus Remmers, Szabolcs Peter
Summary: As the demand for individualized nutrition and lifestyle guidance increases, apps and nutrition programs have emerged. Advances in digital tools and AI can help individuals track nutrient intakes and identify gaps, but the impact of nutrients on health outcomes varies widely among individuals due to differences in life stage, genetics, and microbial composition.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elvira Verduci, Maria Lorella Gianni, Giulia Vizzari, Sara Vizzuso, Jacopo Cerasani, Fabio Mosca, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti
Summary: Human milk has benefits for both mother and infant, linking maternal diet and lifestyle to offspring's health outcomes. This link may be explained in part by epigenetics, and the aim of the paper is to update the association between maternal diet and human milk composition.
Review
Cell Biology
Lauren Lawless, Linglin Xie, Ke Zhang
Summary: Exposure to cadmium during pregnancy has harmful effects on fetal and placental development, as well as maternal health. It also increases the risk of diseases in offspring during infancy, adolescence, and adulthood. The mechanisms behind cadmium-induced teratogenicity and disease development are still largely unknown, but epigenetic changes in DNA, RNA, and protein have been observed. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of these epigenetic alterations induced by prenatal cadmium exposure and their long-term effects.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Neslihan Yesilyurt, Birsen Yilmaz, Duygu Agagunduz, Raffaele Capasso
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the microbiota in the intestines, which is rich in nutrients and diverse in composition, plays a significant role in the development of health and diseases. Personalized diets tailored to modulate the microbiota have been accepted as a potential therapeutic approach for promoting health and treating obesity, diabetes, and other diseases. However, there are challenges in data processing and analysis when utilizing next-generation technologies to evaluate the microbiome and its interactions with diet.
PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emily B. Hill, Iain R. Konigsberg, Diana Ir, Daniel N. Frank, Purevsuren Jambal, Elizabeth M. Litkowski, Ethan M. Lange, Leslie A. Lange, Danielle M. Ostendorf, Jared J. Scorsone, Liza Wayland, Kristen Bing, Paul S. Maclean, Edward L. Melanson, Daniel H. Bessesen, Victoria A. Catenacci, Maggie A. Stanislawski, Sarah J. Borengasser
Summary: The associations among gut microbiota, DNA methylation, and diet were evaluated in individuals undergoing a weight loss intervention. The study found that gut microbes associated with mucin degradation, short-chain fatty acid production, and body weight were linked to DNA methylation of phenotypically relevant genes. This offers initial insights into the possible mechanisms by which alterations in gut microbiota may influence metabolism during weight loss.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jyoti Sihag, Vincenzo Di Marzo
Summary: The endocannabinoid system plays a crucial role in regulating appetite, metabolism, and immunity, and is closely linked to dietary lipids and gut microbiota. Modulating the endocannabinoid system through nutrition can be an important strategy in managing obesity and related disorders.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Magdalena Koszewicz, Joanna Jaroch, Anna Brzecka, Maria Ejma, Slawomir Budrewicz, Liudmila M. Mikhaleva, Cristian Muresanu, Pamela Schield, Siva G. Somasundaram, Cecil E. Kirkland, Marco Avila-Rodriguez, Gjumrakch Aliev
Summary: Cognitive impairment is primarily caused by neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases, which may be accelerated by gut dysbiosis. Factors such as obesity, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, and sleep disorders can contribute to dysbiosis, while lack of physical activity can exacerbate the issue.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Laura Bordoni, Rosita Gabbianelli
Summary: Milk contains sncRNA protected by extracellular vesicles that may be absorbed in the human gut. These molecules could potentially have various applications in human nutrition, such as modulating sncRNA milk profile and serving as biomarkers.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Meghan L. Ruebel, Stephanie P. Gilley, Clark R. Sims, Ying Zhong, Donald Turner, Sree V. Chintapalli, Brian D. Piccolo, Aline Andres, Kartik Shankar
Summary: This study found that pregnancy stage and maternal obesity status can influence the maternal gut microbiome, with correlations between maternal BMI, fat mass, triglyceride and insulin levels with certain bacterial abundances. Additionally, the composition of the gut microbiome was associated with dietary factors, revealing complex interactions between pregnancy, maternal obesity, diet and gut microbiome.
