Article
Oncology
Qiaoqi Sui, Dingxin Liu, Wu Jiang, Jinghua Tang, Lingheng Kong, Kai Han, Leen Liao, Yuan Li, Qingjian Ou, Binyi Xiao, Guochen Liu, Yihong Ling, Jiewei Chen, Zexian Liu, Zhixiang Zuo, Zhizhong Pan, Penghui Zhou, Jian Zheng, Pei-Rong Ding
Summary: DKK1 suppresses the antitumor immune reaction via the GSK3 beta/E2F1/T-bet axis in CD8+ T cells. Elevated serum DKK1 predicts poor tumor response to PD-1 blockade in dMMR/MSI CRCs, and DKK1 neutralization may restore sensitivity to PD-1 blockade.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Romain Banchereau, Avantika S. Chitre, Alexis Scherl, Thomas D. Wu, Namrata S. Patil, Patricia de Almeida, Edward E. Kadel, Shravan Madireddi, Amelia Au-Yeung, Chikara Takahashi, Ying-Jiun Chen, Zora Modrusan, Jacqueline McBride, Rhea Nersesian, Ehab A. El-Gabry, Mark D. Robida, Jeffrey C. Hung, Marcin Kowanetz, Wei Zou, Mark McCleland, Patrick Caplazi, Shadi Toghi Eshgi, Hartmut Koeppen, Priti S. Hegde, Ira Mellman, W. Rodney Mathews, Thomas Powles, Sanjeev Mariathasan, Jane Grogan, William E. O'Gorman
Summary: CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (T-RM) cells expressing CD103 (ITGAE) are believed to actively suppress cancer progression, and their presence in tumors may predict response to immunotherapy. This study found that in inflamed tumors, CD103+ CD8+ T-RM cells exhibit a complex phenotype characterized by increased clonal expansion, expression of checkpoint regulators, and cytotoxic proteins, suggesting their involvement in antitumor response.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Codarri Deak, Valeria Nicolini, Masao Hashimoto, Maria Karagianni, Petra C. Schwalie, Laura Lauener, Eleni Maria Varypataki, Marine Richard, Esther Bommer, Johannes Sam, Stefanie Joller, Mario Perro, Floriana Cremasco, Leo Kunz, Emilio Yanguez, Tamara Husser, Ramona Schlenker, Marisa Mariani, Vinko Tosevski, Sylvia Herter, Marina Bacac, Inja Waldhauer, Sara Colombetti, Xavier Gueripel, Stephan Wullschleger, Melanie Tichet, Douglas Hanahan, Haydn T. Kissick, Stephane Leclair, Anne Freimoser-Grundschober, Stefan Seeber, Volker Teichgraber, Rafi Ahmed, Christian Klein, Pablo Umana
Summary: The study shows that PD1-IL2v can induce the differentiation of stem-like CD8(+) T cells into better effector cells by binding to PD-1, without the need for CD25 binding. PD1-IL2v has superior efficacy compared to PD-1 or PD-L1 blocking antibodies, as it avoids the accumulation of terminally differentiated and exhausted T cells.
Article
Oncology
Saad M. Khan, Rupen Desai, Andrew Coxon, Alexandra Livingstone, Gavin P. Dunn, Allegra Petti, Tanner M. Johanns
Summary: Dysfunctional CD4 T cells are associated with terminal CD8 T-cell exhaustion in glioblastoma, influencing the efficacy of PD-1 blockade. Adding a CD40 agonist to PD-1 blockade therapy improves survival rates in glioblastoma, suggesting a potential synergistic immunotherapeutic approach.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Abdo Meyiah, Ghanbar Mahmoodi Chalbatani, Mohamed A. Al-Mterin, Mohammad Amin Malekraeisi, Khaled Murshed, Eyad Elkord
Summary: Immune checkpoints expressed on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells are significantly associated with disease-free survival (DFS) in colorectal cancer patients. In particular, the co-expression of TIGIT+ and TIM-3+ tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells with PD-1+ is strongly correlated with longer DFS. This study highlights the importance of immune checkpoint expression on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells as critical predictive biomarkers, especially when considering the co-expression of different immune checkpoints.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Mahdi Abdoli Shadbad, Zahra Asadzadeh, Negar Hosseinkhani, Afshin Derakhshani, Nazila Alizadeh, Oronzo Brunetti, Nicola Silvestris, Behzad Baradaran
Summary: PD-L1 overexpression may be associated with poor prognosis in glioblastoma patients who have not undergone chemo-radiotherapy, while exposure to anti-cancer therapies such as chemo-radiotherapy can up-regulate inhibitory immune checkpoint molecules in tumor-infiltrating CD8(+) T-cells. Therefore, administering immune checkpoint inhibitors based on single-cell sequencing data from the tumor microenvironment cells can increase patients' response rates.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Krisztian Homicsko, Panagiota Zygoura, Maxim Norkin, Stephanie Tissot, Nicholas Shakarishvili, Sanjay Popat, Alessandra Curioni-Fontecedro, Mary O'Brien, Anthony Pope, Riyaz Shah, Patricia Fisher, James Spicer, Amy Roy, David Gilligan, Sylvie Rusakiewicz, Ekaterina Fortis, Nesa Marti, Roswitha Kammler, Stephen P. Finn, Georges Coukos, Urania Dafni, Solange Peters, Rolf A. Stahel
Summary: This study focused on malignant pleural mesothelioma and performed a multiplex-immune histochemistry analysis of tumor samples. The study found that PD-1-positive CD8+ T cells and PD-1-positive CD68+ macrophages were independent predictors of progression-free survival benefit from pembrolizumab.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Bogdan Marian Caraban, Elena Matei, Georgeta Camelia Cozaru, Mariana Aschie, Mariana Deacu, Manuela Enciu, Gabriela Izabela Baltatescu, Anca Chisoi, Nicolae Dobrin, Lucian Petcu, Emma Gheorghe, Laurentiu-Tony Hangan, Mihai Catalin Rosu, Cristian Ionut Orasanu, Antonela-Anca Nicolau
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the PD-L1 expression in melanomas and its association with T cell infiltrates. The results showed that most of the PD-L1 positive tumors had moderate scores of CD4+ and CD8+ TILs in tumoral melanoma cells. PD-L1 expression was associated with different degrees of lymphocytic infiltration and with Breslow tumor thickness. PD-L1 expression is a predictive biomarker for discriminating the presence or absence of malign tumoral melanoma cells and an independent predictor of good prognosis in melanoma patients.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Yujia Zheng, Hao Zhang, Chu Xiao, Ziqin Deng, Tao Fan, Bo Zheng, Chunxiang Li, Jie He
Summary: The expression of KLF12 in tumors is correlated with resistance to immunotherapy. KLF12 suppresses the infiltration and function of CD8(+) T cells by inhibiting the expression of Gal-1. Targeting the KLF12/Gal-1 pathway may provide a new therapeutic target for patients with immunotherapy resistance.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julien Rossignol, Zakia Belaid, Guillemette Fouquet, Flavia Guillem, Rachel Rignault, Pierre Milpied, Amedee Renand, Tereza Coman, Maud D'Aveni, Michael Dussiot, Elia Colin, Jonathan Levy, Caroline Carvalho, Nicolas Goudin, Nicolas Cagnard, Francine Cote, Joel Babdor, Kanit Bhukhai, Laura Polivka, Amelie E. Bigorgne, Heloise Halse, Aurelien Marabelle, Severine Mouraud, Yves Lepelletier, Thiago T. Maciel, Marie-Therese Rubio, Delphine Heron, Caroline Robert, Isabelle Girault, Doris Lebeherec, Jean-Yves Scoazec, Ivan Moura, Louise Condon, Mirjana Weimershaus, Franck Pages, Jean Davoust, David Gross, Olivier Hermine
Summary: Targeting immune checkpoints, such as PD1, has improved survival in cancer patients. However, most patients still relapse or are refractory to these therapies. This study found that NRP1, a transmembrane glycoprotein, plays a crucial role in modulating the activity of CD8(+) T cells in the antitumor immune response.
Article
Immunology
An-Liang Guo, Jin-Fang Zhao, Lin Gao, Hui-Huang Huang, Ji-Yuan Zhang, Chao Zhang, Jin-Wen Song, Ruo-Nan Xu, Xing Fan, Ming Shi, Yan-Mei Jiao, Fu-Sheng Wang
Summary: The study found that CD11c(+) CD8(+) T cells can effectively control viral replication during HIV-1 infection and have the potential to be used as an immunotherapeutic approach.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Marie Le Moine, Abdulkader Azouz, Guillem Sanchez Sanchez, Solange Dejolier, Muriel Nguyen, Severine Thomas, Valdrin Shala, Hacene Dreidi, Sebastien Denanglaire, Frederick Libert, David Vermijlen, Fabienne Andris, Stanislas Goriely
Summary: The co-inhibitory programmed death (PD)-1 signaling pathway has a crucial role in tumor-specific T cell responses as well as peripheral tolerance. This study reveals the involvement of PD-1 signaling in liver memory T cell homeostasis through the preferential expansion of CD8+ T cells with oligoclonal TCR repertoire and terminally differentiated exhaustion profile. The transcription factor EOMES is found necessary for the clonal expansion and acquisition of this differentiation program.
Article
Immunology
Qiqi Zhu, Yiming Yang, Xueqin Deng, Ningning Chao, Zihang Chen, Yunxia Ye, Wenyan Zhang, Weiping Liu, Sha Zhao
Summary: The exhaustion status of CD8(+) tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) and its impact on prognosis were investigated. It was found that higher infiltration of CD8(+)TILs was associated with more exhausted CD8(+)TILs expressing multiple immune checkpoints. This exhaustion was accompanied by extensive biological changes and may contribute to the poor prognosis of patients with high CD8(+)TILs and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) levels.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yifan Xie, Feng Xie, Lei Zhang, Xiaoxue Zhou, Jun Huang, Fangwei Wang, Jin Jin, Long Zhang, Linghui Zeng, Fangfang Zhou
Summary: In the tumor microenvironment, immune cells such as T cells and B cells play crucial roles in anti-tumor immunotherapy. Understanding the functions of these cells can lead to novel therapies that induce specific anti-tumor immune responses, benefiting certain groups of patients. Various anti-tumor therapy approaches based on different immune cells are being explored for future applications in cancer treatment.
Article
Oncology
Wei Shi, Mackenzie Fijardo, Jeff P. Bruce, Jie Su, Wei Xu, Rachel Bell, Pierre-Antoine Bissey, Angela B. Y. Hui, John Waldron, Trevor J. Pugh, Kenneth W. Yip, Fei-Fei Liu
Summary: This study reveals the prognostic significance of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in naso-pharyngeal cancer (NPC) and suggests the potential of utilizing CD8+ lymphocytes for immunotherapy.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nicolas Zhou, David C. Rice, Anne S. Tsao, Percy P. Lee, Cara L. Haymaker, Erin M. Corsini, Mara B. Antonoff, Wayne L. Hofstetter, Ravi Rajaram, Jack A. Roth, Stephen G. Swisher, Ara A. Vaporciyan, Garrett L. Walsh, Reza J. Mehran, Boris Sepesi
Summary: For patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma, extended pleurectomy/decortication (P/D) and extrapleural pneumonectomy (EPP) have comparable long-term oncologic outcomes, but P/D has a lower perioperative mortality rate. The goal of surgical cytoreduction should be macroscopic complete resection achieved by the safest operation a patient can tolerate.
ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shelly Kalaora, Adi Nagler, Deborah Nejman, Michal Alon, Chaya Barbolin, Eilon Barnea, Steven L. C. Ketelaars, Kuoyuan Cheng, Kevin Vervier, Noam Shental, Yuval Bussi, Ron Rotkopf, Ronen Levy, Gil Benedek, Sophie Trabish, Tali Dadosh, Smadar Levin-Zaidman, Leore T. Geller, Kun Wang, Polina Greenberg, Gal Yagel, Aviyah Peri, Garold Fuks, Neerupma Bhardwaj, Alexandre Reuben, Leandro Hermida, Sarah B. Johnson, Jessica R. Galloway-Pena, William C. Shropshire, Chantale Bernatchez, Cara Haymaker, Reetakshi Arora, Lior Roitman, Raya Eilam, Adina Weinberger, Maya Lotan-Pompan, Michal Lotem, Arie Admon, Yishai Levin, Trevor D. Lawley, David J. Adams, Mitchell P. Levesque, Michal J. Besser, Jacob Schachter, Ofra Golani, Eran Segal, Naama Geva-Zatorsky, Eytan Ruppin, Pia Kvistborg, Scott N. Peterson, Jennifer A. Wargo, Ravid Straussman, Yardena Samuels
Summary: The study found that peptides derived from intracellular bacteria can be presented by tumor cells, eliciting an immune response and shedding light on how bacteria influence immune activation and therapy responses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hitoshi Dejima, Xin Hu, Runzhe Chen, Jiexin Zhang, Junya Fujimoto, Edwin R. Parra, Cara Haymaker, Shawna M. Hubert, Dzifa Duose, Luisa M. Solis, Dan Su, Junya Fukuoka, Kazuhiro Tabata, Hoa H. N. Pham, Nicholas Mcgranahan, Baili Zhang, Jie Ye, Lisha Ying, Latasha Little, Curtis Gumbs, Chi-Wan Chow, Marcos Roberto Estecio, Myrna C. B. Godoy, Mara B. Antonoff, Boris Sepesi, Harvey Pass, Carmen Behrens, Jianhua Zhang, Ara A. Vaporciyan, John Heymach, Paul Scheet, J. Jack Lee, Jia Wu, P. Andrew Futreal, Alexandre Reuben, Humam Kadara, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Jianjun Zhang
Summary: The evolution of immune landscape in lung adenocarcinoma involves a gradual increase of immunosuppression and decrease of anti-tumor response associated with specific genomic and epigenetic features, influencing the progression from preneoplasia to invasive ADC.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Edwin Roger Parra, Maria C. Ferrufino-Schmidt, Auriole Tamegnon, Jiexin Zhang, Luisa Solis, Mei Jiang, Heladio Ibarguen, Cara Haymaker, J. Jack Lee, Chantale Bernatchez, Ignacio Ivan Wistuba
Summary: The study optimized five mIF panels for immuno-profiling tumor tissues, identifying correlations between B7-H4 and OX40 expression with malignant cells and revealing an immunosuppressive microenvironment.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jaewon J. Lee, Vincent Bernard, Alexander Semaan, Maria E. Monberg, Jonathan Huang, Bret M. Stephens, Daniel Lin, Kimal I. Rajapakshe, Brian R. Weston, Manoop S. Bhutani, Cara L. Haymaker, Chantale Bernatchez, Cullen M. Taniguchi, Anirban Maitra, Paola A. Guerrero
Summary: This study uses single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze the heterogeneity of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, identifying different components in the tumor microenvironment and predicting multiple potential immunotherapy targets.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Bita Sahaf, Mina Pichavant, Brian H. Lee, Caroline Duault, Emily M. Thrash, Melanie Davila, Nicolas Fernandez, Karen Millerchip, Salah-Eddine Bentebibel, Cara Haymaker, Natalia Sigal, Diane M. Del Valle, Srinika Ranasinghe, Sarah Fayle, Beatriz Sanchez-Espiridion, Jiexin Zhang, Chantale Bernatchez, Catherine J. Wu, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Seunghee Kim-Schulze, Sacha Gnjatic, Sean C. Bendall, Minkyung Song, Magdalena Thurin, J. Jack Lee, Holden T. Maecker, Adeeb Rahman
Summary: The study aimed to identify biomarkers of response to cancer immunotherapies across clinical trials using state-of-the-art assays and conducted cross-site data harmonization efforts. Results show the ability to reproduce CyTOF data across sites in multicenter trials and emphasize the importance of quality control procedures.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Erin M. Corsini, Kyle G. Mitchell, Nicolas Zhou, Chantale Bernatchez, Marie-Andree Forget, Cara L. Haymaker, Wayne L. Hofstetter, Reza J. Mehran, Ravi Rajaram, David C. Rice, Jack A. Roth, Boris Sepesi, Stephen G. Swisher, Ara A. Vaporciyan, Garrett L. Walsh, Rodabe N. Amaria, Amir A. Jazaeri, Mara B. Antonoff
Summary: Pulmonary TIL harvest via thoracoscopy is safe and feasible with minimal postoperative complications, allowing most patients to receive ACT infusion as planned without delays. Thoracic surgeons should actively participate in ongoing ACT trials and seek to enroll eligible patients.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tina Cascone, Annikka Weissferdt, Myrna C. B. Godoy, William N. William, Cheuk H. Leung, Heather Y. Lin, Sreashi Basu, Shalini S. Yadav, Apar Pataer, Kyle G. Mitchell, Md Abdul Wadud Khan, Yushu Shi, Cara Haymaker, Luisa M. Solis, Edwin R. Parra, Huam Kadara, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Padmanee Sharma, James P. Allison, Nadim J. Ajami, Jennifer A. Wargo, Robert R. Jenq, Don L. Gibbons, J. Jack Lee, Stephen G. Swisher, Araa Vaporciyan, John Heymach, Boris Sepesi
Summary: This study reported the occurrence of nodal immune flare in patients with non-small cell lung cancer following neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors treatment, characterized by apparent radiological cancer progression in the absence of cancer and presence of non-caseating granulomas. Nodal immune flare is associated with an inflamed nodal immune microenvironment and specific gut microbiota, highlighting the importance of pathological examination in distinguishing it from true nodal progression for appropriate clinical management.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
L. Federico, D. J. McGrail, S-E Bentebibel, C. Haymaker, A. Ravelli, M-A Forget, T. Karpinets, P. Jiang, A. Reuben, M. Negrao, J. Li, R. Khairullah, J. Zhang, A. Weissferdt, A. A. Vaporciyan, M. B. Antonoff, G. Walsh, S-Y Lin, A. Futreal, I Wistuba, J. Roth, L. A. Byers, P-O Gaudreau, N. Uraoka, A. F. Cruz, H. Dejima, R. N. Lazcano, L. M. Solis, E. R. Parra, J. J. Lee, S. Swisher, T. Cascone, J. Heymach, B. Sepesi, D. L. Gibbons, C. Bernatchez
Summary: This study identified two major TIL immunotypes (IM1 and IM2) in localized NSCLC patients, with IM2 associated with poor prognosis and IM1 associated with good prognosis. The nature of infiltrating T cells, rather than the number, was found to be prognostically relevant and may inform therapeutic approaches for clinical care.
ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Xiangjie Sun, Jie Zhai, Baohua Sun, Edwin Roger Parra, Mei Jiang, Wencai Ma, Jing Wang, Anthony M. Kang, Kasthuri Kannan, Renganayaki Pandurengan, Shanyu Zhang, Luisa Maren Solis, Cara L. Haymaker, Maria Gabriela Raso, Julia Mendoza Perez, Aysegul A. Sahin, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Clinton Yam, Jennifer K. Litton, Fei Yang
Summary: Immune cell subtypes in TNBC, including PD-L1(+) tumor cells, total T cells, and effector/memory cytotoxic T cells, are promising prognostic biomarkers for overall survival. The study highlights the importance of phenotyping tumor immune cells using mIF for understanding the immune microenvironment in TNBC.
Article
Oncology
Maria Karasarides, Alexandria P. Cogdill, Paul B. Robbins, Michaela Bowden, Elizabeth M. Burton, Lisa H. Butterfield, Alessandra Cesano, Christian Hammer, Cara L. Haymaker, Christine E. Horak, Heather M. McGee, Anne Monette, Nils-Petter Rudqvist, Christine N. Spencer, Randy F. Sweis, Benjamin G. Vincent, Erik Wennerberg, Jianda Yuan, Roberta Zappasodi, Vanessa M. Hubbard Lucey, Daniel K. Wells, Theresa LaVallee
Summary: This study systematically explores key nodes of immune resistance through the lens of known biological processes, providing support and guidance for future immune resistance research. Integration of multiomic high-dimensional analyses with patient data can help guide effective drug development strategies and improve patient outcomes.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Enrica Marmonti, Jacqueline Oliva-Ramirez, Cara Haymaker
Summary: Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial in immunology, yet targeting them remains challenging. Understanding and utilizing dendritic cells can lead to new therapeutic strategies in cancer treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jose A. Karam, Pavlos Msaouel, Cara L. Haymaker, Surena F. Matin, Matthew T. Campbell, Amado J. Zurita, Amishi Y. Shah, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Enrica Marmonti, Dzifa Y. Duose, Edwin R. Parra, Luisa Maren Solis Soto, Caddie Laberiano-Fernandez, Marisa Lozano, Alice Abraham, Max Hallin, Curtis D. Chin, Peter Olson, Hirak Der-Torossian, Xiaohong Yan, Nizar M. Tannir, Christopher G. Wood
Summary: In patients with locally advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), neoadjuvant sitravatinib and nivolumab has shown promising results in terms of safety and radiological efficacy.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Edwin Roger Parra, Jiexin Zhang, Mei Jiang, Auriole Tamegnon, Renganayaki Krishna Pandurengan, Carmen Behrens, Luisa Solis, Cara Haymaker, John Victor Heymach, Cesar Moran, Jack J. Lee, Don Gibbons, Ignacio Ivan Wistuba
Summary: Studying the cellular geographic distribution in non-small cell lung cancer is crucial for understanding the roles of cell populations in this tumor. This study characterizes the spatial cellular distribution of immune cell populations and their associations with clinicopathologic variables and outcomes. The results show two cellular distribution patterns related to immunoprotective and immunosuppressive cells, respectively, and reveal the proximity of immune checkpoint-expressing T-cells to malignant cells. The combination of cellular distribution patterns and distances can identify different tumor groups and predict survival.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anurag Purushothaman, Jacqueline Oliva-Ramirez, Warapen Treekitkarnmongkol, Deivendran Sankaran, Mark W. Hurd, Nagireddy Putluri, Anirban Maitra, Cara Haymaker, Subrata Sen
Summary: sEVs play an important role in PDAC development, influencing the activation state of monocyte subtypes, protein expression, and cytokine secretion. Additionally, sEV-associated HA plays a crucial role in regulating immune response and secretion of tumor-associated factors in PDAC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)