Effect of CpG ODN on monocytic myeloid derived suppressor cells

CpG oligonucleotides stimulate via TLR9 and enhance anti-tumor immunity, an effect attributed to the activation of NK and CD8+ T cells. Our recent work demonstrates that CpG ODN also induce monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells to mature into M1 macrophages, further aiding tumor elimination. This provides insight into the mechanism through which CpG promote tumor regression.