Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raj Kamal Srivastava, Inigo Ruiz de Azua, Andrea Conrad, Martin Purrio, Beat Lutz
Summary: This study found that the deletion of CB1 in dbh-positive cells prevents diet-induced obesity through multiple mechanisms including increased sympathetic nervous system activity, reduced NPY activity, and decreased basal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Youjin Oh, Eun-Seon Yoo, Sang Hyeon Ju, Eunha Kim, Seulgi Lee, Seyun Kim, Kevin Wickman, Jong-Woo Sohn
Summary: This study found that GIRK channels play a key role in stabilizing NPY/AgRP neurons, and selective deletion of the GIRK2 subunit leads to persistent increased excitability of NPY/AgRP neurons. The increased body weight and adiposity observed in the knockout mice were due to decreased sympathetic activity and energy expenditure, while food intake remained unchanged. This study has important implications for understanding the regulation of metabolic function under physiological and stress conditions.
Review
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Zhi-Shuai Hou, Hai-Shen Wen
Summary: Energy homeostasis is crucial for survival, with the central melanocortin system playing a key role in its regulation. NPY and melanocortin receptors have been shown to be involved in energy homeostasis, with potential applications in aquaculture. Comparative studies of these receptors across species provide valuable insights for future research and development in this area.
MARINE LIFE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kimberly W. Y. Mak, Wenyuan He, Neruja Loganathan, Denise D. Belsham
Summary: This study identified the first hypothalamic miRNA that directly targets the 3' UTR of mouse Npy, highlighting the involvement of miRNAs in the NPY system and providing an alternative target for control of NPY levels.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Yvette Ruska, Anett Szilvasy-Szabo, Dora Kovari, Andrea Kadar, Lilla Macsai, Richard Sinko, Erik Hrabovszky, Balazs Gereben, Csaba Fekete
Summary: The study shows the presence of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) protein and mRNA in orexigenic neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons in the ventromedial arcuate nucleus, along with the innervation of NPY neurons by inhibitory neurons containing GLP-1R. This suggests that GLP-1 signaling can influence NPY neurons both directly and indirectly, revealing a more complex mechanism of GLP-1's effects on energy homeostasis.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zoya T. Anderson, Alex D. Dawson, Andrzej T. Slominski, Melissa L. Harris
Summary: Neuropeptide Y plays an important role in skin diseases and stress. Inflammatory skin diseases have a negative impact on quality of life, and there is a need for further research on potential treatments.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Leticia E. Sewaybricker, Sarah Kee, Susan J. Melhorn, Ellen A. Schur
Summary: This study found that greater evidence of hypothalamic gliosis by MRI is associated with baseline BMI z score and predicts adiposity gain in young children at risk of obesity. The results suggest that the relationship between MBH/AMY signal ratio and change in BMI z score differs by baseline weight status. Higher MBH/AMY signal ratios were associated with an increase in BMI z score for children with overweight, but not for those with obesity.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chenxu Yan, Tianshu Zeng, Kailun Lee, Max Nobis, Kim Loh, Luoning Gou, Zefeng Xia, Zhongmin Gao, Mohammed Bensellam, Will Hughes, Jackie Lau, Lei Zhang, Chi Kin Ip, Ronaldo Enriquez, Hanyu Gao, Qiao-Ping Wang, Qi Wu, Jody J. Haigh, D. Ross Laybutt, Paul Timpson, Herbert Herzog, Yan-Chuan Shi
Summary: Blocking Y1 receptors in peripheral tissues using selective antagonists can reduce weight gain, decrease fat mass, and improve glucose metabolism, suggesting a potential safer and more effective treatment for diet-induced obesity.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatiana Wojciechowicz, Maria Billert, Mariami Jasaszwili, Mathias Z. Strowski, Krzysztof W. Nowak, Marek Skrzypski
Summary: NPB, a peptide hormone discovered in 2002, regulates various biological functions through G protein-coupled receptors in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. It modulates appetite, pain, emotions, and controls hormone secretion and pancreatic cell function. Experimental downregulation of NPB leads to increased adiposity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amelia M. Douglass, Jon M. Resch, Joseph C. Madara, Hakan Kucukdereli, Ofer Yizhar, Abhinav Grama, Masahito Yamagata, Zongfang Yang, Bradford B. Lowell
Summary: Fasting activates the HPA axis through the inhibition of GABAergic afferents by AgRP neurons in the PVH. This study reveals the neural basis for fasting-induced HPA axis activation and provides insights into the mechanisms underlying stress-induced HPA axis activation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Antoine Rohrbach, Emilie Caron, Rafik Dali, Maxime Brunner, Roxane Pasquettaz, Irina Kolotuev, Federico Santoni, Bernard Thorens, Fanny Langlet
Summary: This study investigated the role of GCK-expressing tanycytes in the regulation of energy balance in mice. The results showed that Gck deletion induced the death of tanycytes and affected adiposity in mice, as well as NPY neuron function.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ze Zhang, Yehua Li, Xueyuan Lv, Linlin Zhao, Xiaodong Wang
Summary: The study revealed that activation of ventrolateral medulla (VLM) catecholaminergic (CA) neurons in the mouse brain significantly alters tumor growth in various tumor models. Specific ablation or inhibition of these neurons slows down tumor progression, while chemogenetic activation promotes tumor growth. The regulatory effect of VLM CA neuron ablation on tumors is mediated by the adaptive immune system, as shown by experiments with immune-deficient mice and CD8* T cell depletion. Additionally, VLM CA neuronal ablation has an additive antitumor effect when combined with paclitaxel treatment.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Eugene Zubkov, Olga Abramova, Yana Zorkina, Aleksandra Ochneva, Valeria Ushakova, Anna Morozova, Olga Gurina, Alexander Majouga, Vladimir Chekhonin
Summary: This study compared the effects of clomipramine and four neuropeptides in an acute stress model, and found that intranasal administration of neuropeptide Y could be a promising compound for the treatment of stress disorders.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Andy Tran, Wenyuan He, Jim T. C. Chen, Denise D. Belsham
Summary: This review discusses the involvement of spexin in the hypothalamic control of energy homeostasis and reproduction, as well as the disorders and treatments related to energy homeostasis and reproduction that alter spexin expression. The review also explores the biochemical basis of spexin, its interaction with its cognate receptors, and the potential for developing therapeutics for energy homeostasis and reproductive disorders.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Nal Ae Yoon, Sungho Jin, Jung Dae Kim, Zhong Wu Liu, Qiushi Sun, Rebecca Cardone, Richard Kibbey, Sabrina Diano
Summary: Lactate activates POMC neurons through redox signaling and blocking mitochondrial glucose utilization to regulate feeding and glucose metabolism.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Chi Kin Ip, Herbert Herzog, Lei Zhang
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Herbert Herzog
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicola J. Lee, Yue Qi, Ronaldo F. Enriquez, Chi Kin Ip, Herbert Herzog
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Minttu Mattila, Mirva Soderstrom, Liisa Ailanen, Eriika Savontaus, Mikko Savontaus
CARDIOVASCULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicola J. Lee, Yue Qi, Ronaldo F. Enriquez, Ireni Clarke, Chi Kin Ip, Natalie Wee, Paul A. Baldock, Herbert Herzog
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lei Zhang, Felicia Reed, Herbert Herzog
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Natalie K. Y. Wee, Amy D. Nguyen, Ronaldo F. Enriquez, Lei Zhang, Herbert Herzog, Paul A. Baldock
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Chen, Mingxiu Cheng, Liang Wang, Lei Zhang, Dan Xu, Peng Cao, Fengchao Wang, Herbert Herzog, Sen Song, Cheng Zhan
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aitak Farzi, Chi Kin Ip, Felicia Reed, Ronaldo Enriquez, Geraldine Zenz, Marija Durdevic, Lei Zhang, Peter Holzer, Herbert Herzog
Summary: The lack of PYY in mice results in distinct changes in gut microbiome composition, especially under high-fat diet conditions. Pyy-KO mice showed an increased abundance of Bacteroidetes phylum and specific genera within it, indicating a gene-environment interaction between diet and gut microbiome that can impact gut homeostasis.
Article
Immunology
Ines Felix, Heli Jokela, Joonas Karhula, Noora Kotaja, Eriika Savontaus, Marko Salmi, Pia Rantakari
Summary: This study reveals the diversity and developmental origin of resident adipose tissue macrophages through comprehensive single-cell mass cytometry analysis, as well as the functional differences in their in vitro and in vivo activities. A high-fat diet induces changes in the quantity and functionality of macrophages, which can be reversed by dietary intervention.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tero Puolakkainen, Petri Rummukainen, Vappu Pihala-Nieminen, Olli Ritvos, Eriika Savontaus, Riku Kiviranta
Summary: ActRIIB-Fc treatment improves bone and muscle mass, inhibits fat accumulation, and restores metabolic alterations in postmenopausal osteoporosis.
CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lei Zhang, Julia Koller, Chi Kin Ip, Gopana Gopalasingam, Nikita Bajaj, Nicola J. Lee, Ronaldo F. Enriquez, Herbert Herzog
Summary: This study investigated the physiological effects of NPFF signaling deficiency using a Npff(-/-) mouse model, showing that the lack of NPFF signaling influences repetitive behaviors, anxiety-related behaviors, and water intake in both male and female mice.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jennifer Oraha, Ronaldo F. Enriquez, Herbert Herzog, Nicola J. Lee
Summary: This study found that C57BL/6J mice exhibit sex-specific behavioral and metabolic responses to the introduction and sustained intake of a high-fat diet (HFD), but consistent responses to a dieting situation. Males showed immediate and significant weight gain, while females displayed stronger resistance to the obesifying effects of HFD. This sex disparity may be attributed to inherent sex differences in neurological signaling pathways and fat utilization. Interestingly, both sexes showed similar responses to returning to a normal diet.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Keshav Thapa, James J. Kadiri, Karla Saukkonen, Iida Pennanen, Bishwa Ghimire, Minying Cai, Eriika Savontaus, Petteri Rinne
Summary: This study found that Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1-R) plays a role in regulating cholesterol and bile acid metabolism in the liver, beyond its known functions in skin pigmentation and inflammation. This discovery is important for understanding liver diseases and metabolic disorders.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lei Zhang, Diana Hernandez-Sanchez, Herbert Herzog
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Liujun Chen, Lisha Li, Donghong Cui, Yiheng Huang, Haibin Tong, Haleh Zabihi, Shuxia Wang, Yadan Qi, Ted Lakowski, Lin Leng, Suixin Liu, Hong Wu, Lawrence H. Young, Richard Bucala, Dake Qi
Summary: Attenuation of adipose hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) may impair lipolysis and exacerbate obesity. Cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) plays a role in regulating adipose HSL and adipocyte hypertrophy. Both intracellular and extracellular MIF have opposing effects on HSL, but extracellular action predominates to downregulate HSL and exacerbate obesity development during high-fat diet (HFD).
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mengyang Tang, Yi Zhang, Rong Zhang, Yuemei Zhang, Jiangfei Zheng, Daixi Wang, Xinyu Wang, Jing Yan, Cheng Hu
Summary: This study aimed to explore the role of GPSM1 in POMC neurons and the underlying mechanisms in metabolic homeostasis. Through various molecular, biochemical, immunofluorescent, immunohistochemical analyses, and cell culture studies, the study revealed the pathophysiological role of GPSM1 in POMC neurons and its regulation of POMC neuron activity.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2024)