Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Johan Perrier, Margaux Nawrot, Anne-Marie Madec, Karim Chikh, Marie-Agnes Chauvin, Christian Damblon, Julia Sabatier, Charles H. Thivolet, Jennifer Rieusset, Gilles J. P. Rautureau, Baptiste Panthu
Summary: Progressive decline in pancreatic beta-cell function is central to the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Researchers used metabolomic approaches to explore the relationship between beta cells and their nutritional environment and found significant alterations in the pyruvate and citrate pathways, associated with downregulation of mitochondrial oxoglutarate dehydrogenase. The findings were replicated in a cell line derived from rat insulinoma.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mateusz Mach, Katarzyna Bazydlo-Guzenda, Pawel Buda, Mikolaj Matloka, Radoslaw Dzida, Filip Stelmach, Kinga Galazka, Malgorzata Wasinska-Kalwa, Damian Smuga, Dagmara Holowinska, Urszula Dawid, Lidia Gurba-Bryskiewicz, Krzysztof Wisniewski, Krzysztof Dubiel, Jerzy Pieczykolan, Maciej Wieczorek
Summary: The study focuses on the potential of the free fatty acid receptor (FFA1) for treating type 2 diabetes, but no successful agonists have entered the market yet. The discovery of CPL207280 was driven by the design for long-term safety, resulting in stable compounds with satisfactory pharmacokinetic profiles.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Mina Hwang, Hyo-Sup Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Kyoo-Yeon Hur, Jae-Hyeon Kim, Moon-Kyu Lee
Summary: Thiazolidinediones are synthetic PPAR gamma ligands that can enhance insulin sensitivity and potentially increase insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells, but the functional role and mechanism of action in beta-cells have not been thoroughly investigated.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lucie Oberhauser, Cecilia Jimenez-Sanchez, Jesper Grud Skat Madsen, Dominique Duhamel, Susanne Mandrup, Thierry Brun, Pierre Maechler
Summary: Chronic exposure to high glucose and fatty acids can lead to adaptations in pancreatic beta cells, which help preserve their secretion response. The expression pattern of lipid pathway genes and the process of fat storage and mobilization play a crucial role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rahul Sharma, Sujay K. Maity, Partha Chakrabarti, Madhumohan R. Katika, Satyamoorthy Kapettu, Kishore V. L. Parsa, Parimal Misra
Summary: This study investigated the role of PIMT in pancreatic beta cells and found that under hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic conditions, PIMT levels were reduced along with key beta cell markers. Additionally, high-fat diet led to decreased PIMT levels in pancreatic islets. Further analysis revealed that PIMT depletion resulted in the attenuation of key genes involved in insulin secretion pathway. PIMT ablation in beta cells caused a decrease in protein levels of PDX1 and MafA, resulting in reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Amish Asthana, Deborah Chaimov, Riccardo Tamburrini, Carlo Gazia, Amanda Gallego, Tamara Lozano, Jun-Ho Heo, Lori N. Byers, Alice Tomei, Christopher A. Fraker, Stephen J. Walk, Sang Jin Lee, Emmanuel C. Opara, Giuseppe Orlando
Summary: Incorporating human pancreatic decellularized ECM within alginate microcapsules significantly improves the viability and function of encapsulated human islets. Long-term maintenance of GSI levels is achieved with ECM supplementation, and ECM promotes gene expression changes and exhibits a mitochondria-protective effect.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xiaodi Zhao, Dohee Ahn, Gibeom Nam, Jihee Kwon, Songyi Song, Min Ji Kang, Hyejin Ahn, Sang J. Chung
Summary: This study identifies crocetin as the active component of saffron, functioning as a GPR40/120 agonist with potential implications in antidiabetic interventions.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tian Zhao, Libin Zhan, Wen Zhou, Wanxin Chen, Jintong Luo, Lijing Zhang, Zebin Weng, Chunyan Zhao, Shenlin Liu
Summary: The study found that Erchen Decoction (ECD) can reduce body weight, improve insulin resistance (IR) and lipid metabolism by interfering with specific signaling pathways in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. Additionally, ECD was shown to adjust the structure of gut microbiota and change its function in ZDF rats, demonstrating a potentially close relationship between specific biomarkers, metabolites, and host phenotypes. The results suggest that ECD's beneficial effects on obesity, particularly lipid metabolism disorders, are linked to regulation of gut microbiota in ZDF rats, providing a foundation for further research on its mechanisms and clinical applications.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Marcia Spoelder, Yami Bright, Martine C. Morrison, Veerle van Kempen, Lilian de Groodt, Malvina Begalli, Nikita Schuijt, Eva Kruiger, Ronald Bulthuis, Gabriele Gross, Robert Kleemann, Janna A. van Diepen, Judith R. Homberg, Giovanni Cirillo
Summary: Increased insulin levels may contribute to the development of neural circuits involved in cognition, while chronic mild inflammation may lead to cognitive impairment. This study investigated whether cognition is affected during adolescence in a genetic rat model for obesity and type 2 diabetes. The results showed that adolescent obese rats displayed enhanced cognition despite their early diabetic profile.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Patricia Wu Jin, Nassim Rousset, Andreas Hierlemann, Patrick M. Misun
Summary: A new generation microfluidic hanging-drop-based islet perifusion platform was developed to study dynamic insulin secretion from individual pancreatic islets with high temporal resolution. The platform was redesigned to increase experimental throughput and simplify operation, achieving continuous insulin release observation with reproducible results. This device will be valuable in islet and diabetes research for studying alterations in insulin secretion dynamics.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hiroyuki Takagi, Tatsuya Ikehara, Kumi Hashimoto, Keiichi Tanimoto, Atsuyuki Shimazaki, Yuto Kashiwagi, Shingo Sakamoto, Hideo Yukioka
Summary: ACC2 inhibition reduces diacylglycerol and ceramide accumulation in skeletal muscle, improving insulin resistance in normal and diabetic rats. The metabolic improvements and delayed diabetes progression were strongly correlated with reductions in bioactive lipids.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xufeng Wang, Xiangjun Sun, Abulikemu Abulizi, Jinyao Xu, Yun He, Qian Chen, Ruicheng Yan
Summary: SalA treatment can improve insulin resistance, liver injury, and lipid metabolism in ZDF rats, while promoting the diversity and homeostasis of intestinal microbiota.
DIABETOLOGY & METABOLIC SYNDROME
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucie Oberhauser, Pierre Maechler
Summary: This review discusses the role of lipotoxicity and glucotoxicity in the pathophysiology of obesity-related type 2 diabetes, specifically in the loss of beta-cell function. It highlights the effects of free fatty acid metabolism and receptor-mediated signaling related to glucose-stimulated insulin secretion on beta-cell function. Chronic exposure to high glucose and free fatty acids contributes to beta-cell dysfunction, while the glycerolipid/free fatty acid cycle is considered a protective pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Heather C. Denroche, Stephanie Miard, Sandrine Salle-Lefort, Frederic Picard, C. Bruce Verchere
Summary: The study reveals that T cells are a part of the normal islet immune population in both mouse and human islets, and accumulate in islets with age in a body weight-independent manner. Even though they only make up a small subset of immune cells within islets, islet T cells may play a role in the physiology of islet aging.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chenchen Li, Jing Zhu, Siying Wei, Xiaoyi Ye, Lanzexin Yang, Zinan Wang, Yan Chen
Summary: Diabetes is caused by the interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Lifestyle and dietary changes are common practices for diabetes intervention. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of intermittent protein restriction (IPR) in controlling blood glucose levels and protecting pancreatic islets in a diabetic rat model.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Navdeep Gogna, Murahari Krishna, Anup Mammen Oommen, Kavita Dorai
MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS
(2015)
Article
Biology
Anup Mammen Oommen, Neeti Somaiya, Jisha Vijayan, Satheesh Kumar, Suri Venkatachalam, Lokesh Joshi
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2016)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vijay R. Varma, Anup M. Oommen, Sudhir Varma, Ramon Casanova, Yang An, Ryan M. Andrews, Richard O'Brien, Olga Pletnikova, Juan C. Troncoso, Jon Toledo, Rebecca Baillie, Matthias Arnold, Gabi Kastenmueller, Kwangsik Nho, P. Murali Doraiswamy, Andrew J. Saykin, Rima Kaddurah-Daouk, Cristina Legido-Quigley, Madhav Thambisetty
Article
Cell Biology
Mahesh Kumar Verma, Manoj Kumar Sadasivuni, Aggunda N. Yateesh, Korrapati Neelima, Srikanth Mrudula, Madhusudhan Reddy, Rachapalli Smitha, Sanghamitra Biswas, Bhawna Chandravanshi, Puttrevana M. Pallavi, Anup M. Oommen, Madanahalli R. Jagannath, Baggavalli B. Somesh
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Tarak K. Chheda, Pratibha Shivakumar, Satish Kumar Sadasivan, Harish Chanderasekharan, Yogananda Moolemath, Anup M. Oommen, Jagannath R. Madanahalli, Venkataranganna V. Marikunte
BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2014)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Susan E. Logue, Eoghan P. McGrath, Patricia Cleary, Stephanie Greene, Katarzyna Mnich, Aitor Almanza, Eric Chevet, Roisin M. Dwyer, Anup Oommen, Patrick Legembre, Florence Godey, Emma C. Madden, Brian Leuzzi, Joanna Obacz, Qingping Zeng, John B. Patterson, Richard Jager, Adrienne M. Gorman, Afshin Samali
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2018)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Paraic S. O'Suilleabhain, Brian M. Hughes, Anup M. Oommen, Lokesh Joshi, Stephen Cunningham
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jackson A. Roberts, Vijay R. Varma, Chiung-Wei Huang, Yang An, Anup Oommen, Toshiko Tanaka, Luigi Ferrucci, Palchamy Elango, Toru Takebayashi, Sei Harada, Miho Iida, Madhav Thambisetty
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Uma V. Mahajan, Vijay R. Varma, Michael E. Griswold, Chad T. Blackshear, Yang An, Anup M. Oommen, Sudhir Varma, Juan C. Troncoso, Olga Pletnikova, Richard O'Brien, Timothy J. Hohman, Cristina Legido-Quigley, Madhav Thambisetty
Article
Virology
Anup Oommen, Stephen Cunningham, Lokesh Joshi
Summary: This study reveals the important role of glycans and glycan-binding proteins in modulating host immune response during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Through transcriptomic analysis and manual analysis of biomedical literature databases, key immunomodulatory lectins, proteoglycans, and glycan epitopes were identified to participate in downstream inflammatory signaling pathways and as adhesion receptors for SARS-CoV-2 pathogen. The correlation between differentially expressed human glycogenes and the host inflammatory response generated by SARS-CoV-2 pathogen is proposed, providing potential insights for stratification, treatment, and targeted approaches for COVID-19 immunity and other viral infectious agents.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anup Mammen Oommen, Stephen Cunningham, Paraic S. O'Suilleabhain, Brian M. Hughes, Lokesh Joshi
Summary: The study focuses on exploring the connection between immune dysregulation and metabolic syndrome in MDD patients through integrative analysis of biological pathways. Detailed analysis is conducted to identify the functional significance and potential biomarker utility of differentially regulated genes, proteins, and metabolite markers.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Vijay R. Varma, Youjin Wang, Yang An, Sudhir Varma, Murat Bilgel, Jimit Doshi, Cristina Legido-Quigley, Joao C. Delgado, Anup M. Oommen, Jackson A. Roberts, Dean F. Wong, Christos Davatzikos, Susan M. Resnick, Juan C. Troncoso, Olga Pletnikova, Richard O'Brien, Eelko Hak, Brenda N. Baak, Ruth Pfeiffer, Priyanka Baloni, Siamak Mohmoudiandehkordi, Kwangsik Nho, Rima Kaddurah-Daouk, David A. Bennett, Shahinaz M. Gadalla, Madhav Thambisetty
Summary: The study explored the impact of cholesterol catabolism and bile acid synthesis on dementia progression through sex-specific effects on signaling pathways in the brain. The findings suggest that modulation of bile acid signaling pathways in the brain may be a potential therapeutic target for dementia.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Vijay R. Varma, H. Busra Luleci, Anup M. Oommen, Sudhir Varma, Chad T. Blackshear, Michael E. Griswold, Yang An, Jackson A. Roberts, Richard O'Brien, Olga Pletnikova, Juan C. Troncoso, David A. Bennett, Tunahan Cakir, Cristina Legido-Quigley, Madhav Thambisetty
Summary: The study reveals abnormalities in brain cholesterol biosynthesis and catabolism in patients with AD, leading to unstable cholesterol levels and accumulation of cytotoxic oxidized sterols. These changes were not observed in patients with Parkinson's disease, suggesting a specificity to AD.
NPJ AGING AND MECHANISMS OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rishi J. Desai, Vijay R. Varma, Tobias Gerhard, Jodi Segal, Mufaddal Mahesri, Kristyn Chin, Edward Nonnenmacher, Avinash Gabbeta, Anup M. Mammen, Sudhir Varma, Daniel B. Horton, Seoyoung C. Kim, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Madhav Thambisetty
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA-TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Satish Kumar Sadasivan, Nethra Siddaraju, Khaiser Mehdi Khan, Balamuralikrishna Vasamsetti, Nimisha R. Kumar, Vibha Haridas, Madhusudhan B. Reddy, Somesh Baggavalli, Anup M. Oommen, Raghavendra Pralhada Rao
FIBROGENESIS & TISSUE REPAIR
(2015)