Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mario Frahm, Alice Voss, Malte Brasholz
Summary: A short total synthesis of the Kopsia alkaloid (+/-)-mersicarpine was presented. The key step involved a visible light-induced catalytic cascade photooxygenation, which converted a 3,3-disubstituted tetrahydrocarbazole intermediate into a perhydropyrido[1,2-a]indole dione, serving as the immediate precursor to mersicarpine. The overall yield of mersicarpine synthesis was 12% over 13 steps.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Li Liu, Yage Zhang, Wenyan Zhao, Jian Li
Summary: An operationally simple method using an EDA complex was developed for the cyclization of tertiary amines and hypervalent iodine reagents. Good yields of [1,2-α]indole derivatives, including key intermediates for the synthesis of biologically active molecules, were obtained. Additionally, this strategy has a broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Wan-Ling Peng, Yin-Jia Jhang, Chieh-Yu Chang, Po-Kai Peng, Wei-Ting Zhao, Yen-Ku Wu
Summary: A total synthesis of racemic mersicarpine from diethyl 4-oxopimelate is described, utilizing a 2-indolyl radical cyclization to construct the pyrido[1,2-a]indole scaffold with an all-carbon quaternary stereocenter.
ORGANIC & BIOMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hongchang Tian, Yinxia Wu, Xiujuan Li, Zhen Hao, Wenyan He, Xiangdi Huang, Wen Chen, Hongbin Zhang
Summary: In this article, we present the first total synthesis of Kopsaporine related alkaloids. Our structure-unit-based strategy utilizes intramolecular Pummerer rearrangement induced nucleophilic cyclization/aza-Prins cyclization to construct the hexahydrocarbazole skeleton, olefin migration vinylogous alkylation to establish the C20 all-carbon quaternary center, iridium complex mediated radical addition to fuse the aspidofractine framework, unprecedented IBX oxidation to introduce the alpha-hydroxyketone moiety, and bioinspired retro-Aldol/Aldol reaction to convert kopsaporine to kopsiloscine A.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shaobin Su, Chengcheng Lin, Hongbin Zhai
Summary: In this study, the total syntheses of (-)-daphnezomines A and B and (+)-dapholdhamine B have been successfully achieved in 16-20 steps through rapid construction of a common core intermediate. Key steps include the synthesis of the azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane ring system, installation of the bridgehead all-carbon quaternary stereocenter, construction of the aza-adamantane backbone, and assembly of the (+)-dapholdhamine B backbone through 6-endo-trig aminocyclization.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Xiao, Guang-Hua Zhou, Cong-Bin Ji
Summary: The synthesis of mersicarpine, an important member of the monoterpene indole alkaloid family, is discussed in this review. Mersicarpine, isolated from Kopsia fruticosa and Kopsia arborea, is proposed to share a similar biosynthetic pathway with melodinine E and leuconolam, and possesses a unique fused tetracyclic ring system. Synthetic chemists have shown great interest in this intriguing structural feature, leading to numerous synthetic approaches for mersicarpine. This review provides a comprehensive overview of mersicarpine synthesis from 2008 to 2022.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Zenghui Sun, Xinhang Zhang, Jiayue Fu, Lianjie Zhang, Maosheng Cheng, Lu Yang, Yongxiang Liu
Summary: In this study, six 8-oxoprotoberberines were synthesized collectively in four steps with acceptable yields (14-19%), including 8-oxopalmatine, 8-oxopseudopalmatine, 8-oxoberberine, and 8-oxopseudoberberine. The synthetic route involved In-(OTf)(3)-catalyzed cyclization and Heck coupling. Additionally, the syntheses of natural products berberine, canadine, and iambertine were achieved via reductions of 8-oxoberberine, providing a concise approach to the synthesis of these alkaloids.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Xiaolei Liu, Mingliang Lou, Songlin Bai, Guoxin Sun, Xiangbing Qi
Summary: The complex structures and important biological functions of Strychnos alkaloids have attracted attention in the field of synthetic chemistry. In this study, we successfully synthesized the common tetracyclic ring skeleton of Strychnos alkaloids through Fischer indolization, and solved the issue of regioselectivity on unsymmetrical cyclic ketones.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Kai Wei, Wen Hu, Yucui Sun, Tuo Zhu, Wen Chen, Hongbin Zhang
Summary: Macroline-type monoterpenoid indole alkaloids are a fascinating class of natural products with polycyclic structures and diverse biological and pharmacological activities. In this study, the asymmetric total syntheses of two alkaloids, (-)-Alstomicine and (-)-Alstofo-linine A, are reported. Notably, these alkaloids are synthesized divergently from a common indole-fused azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane intermediate obtained through a Mannich-type cyclization. An SmI2-mediated Reformatsky reaction and a Pd-catalyzed carbonylative lactonization are employed for constructing the lactone moieties in Alstomicine and Alstofolinine A, respectively.
SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Martin G. Banwell, Lorenzo White, Sebastian Young Ye
Summary: A formal total synthesis of (-)-aspidophytine has been established using a homochiral and enzymatically derived starting material. The synthesis resulted in the formation of a key substructure associated with the heterodimeric indole alkaloid haplophytine. Simple modifications to the reaction sequence also led to the identification of a synthetic pathway to (+)-aspidophytine.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Jiang Zhu, Jiaji Li, Lianjie Zhang, Shitao Sun, Zhaobo Wang, Xiang Li, Lu Yang, Maosheng Cheng, Bin Lin, Yongxiang Liu
Summary: Density functional theory calculations were used to predict the pathways of gold(I)-catalyzed cycloisomerization of indole substrates with 1,6-enynes, which were consistent with experimental results. The substitution-controlled synthesis allowed for tunable formation of 1H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole and spiro[indoline-3,3'-pyridine] derivatives. The reactions exhibited good functional group tolerances, and a possible mechanism was proposed based on computational and experimental results.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
David L. Cain, Niall A. Anderson, David B. Cordes, Alexandra M. Z. Slawin, Allan J. B. Watson
Summary: A concise strategy for the total synthesis of several Aspidosperma alkaloids has been reported. The strategy involves a Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling and a Diels-Alder cascade reaction, leading to the synthesis of a common intermediate for Aspidosperma alkaloids. This intermediate has been successfully utilized for the synthesis of four different natural products.
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yanyu Chen, Zhaobo Wang, Wutong Zhao, Shitao Sun, Lu Yang, Junpeng Zhang, Di Zhang, Maosheng Cheng, Bin Lin, Yongxiang Liu
Summary: This paper reports a chelation-controlled cycloisomerization reaction of tryptamine-ynamide catalyzed by Ag(i)/PPh3, which allows access to the spiro[indole-3,4'-piperidine] scaffold in a racemic and diastereoselective manner. Diastereoselective products are achieved through a chiron approach. Density functional theory calculations show that strong non-covalent interactions between the substrate and catalyst/ligand complex stabilize the formation of the spiroindoleninium intermediate via cation-pi-pi interactions.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xingang Xie, Xuegong She
Summary: This article highlights the importance of designing and developing new strategies to improve synthetic efficiency in the chemical synthesis of bioactive natural products. Cascade reactions, which construct multiple bonds in a single step to rapidly increase molecular complexity, are emphasized as a key tactic. The significance of cascade reaction developments and applications in the concise syntheses of bioactive alkaloids is demonstrated based on the author's recent research.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Peng-Zhen Sheng, Lu-Lu Li, Hongbin Zhang, Kun Wei, Yu-Rong Yang
Summary: A recently developed Ir/Cu dual catalysed allylation, which efficiently constructs vicinal tertiary and N-substituted quaternary stereogenic centres in one step with excellent enantio- and diastereoselectivity, is strategically utilised for the first time in the synthesis of two alkaloids, cephalotaxine and amathaspiramide F.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yoshitaka Numajiri, Beau P. Pritchett, Koji Chiyoda, Brian M. Stoltz
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2015)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Beau P. Pritchett, Jun Kikuchi, Yoshitaka Numajiri, Brian M. Stoltz
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2016)
Review
Chemistry, Organic
Qian Geng, Zining Li, Zhe Lu, Guangxin Liang
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2016)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Benzi I. Estipona, Beau P. Pritchett, Robert A. Craig, Brian M. Stoltz
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Beau P. Pritchett, Jun Kikuchi, Yoshitaka Numajiri, Brian M. Stoltz
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Yu Xiang, Zining Li, Lu-Ning Wang, Zhi-Xiang Yu
JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2018)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Beau P. Pritchett, Brian M. Stoltz
NATURAL PRODUCT REPORTS
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Meng Deng, Xiao Zhang, Zining Li, Hongbin Chen, Shaoli Zang, Guangxin Liang
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Baofu Xu, Zining Li, Tyler A. Alsup, Michelle A. Ehrenberger, Jeffrey D. Rudolf
Summary: This study reveals the ability of terpene synthases to catalyze prenylation on small molecules, supports its physiological relevance in vivo, and proposes a substrate decoy mechanism.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zining Li, Baofu Xu, Volga Kojasoy, Teresa Ortega, Donovon A. Adpressa, Wenbo Ning, Xiuting Wei, Jamin Liu, Dean J. Tantillo, Sandra Loesgen, Jeffrey D. Rudolf
Summary: Terpenoids, the largest family of natural products, are underrepresented in prokaryotes. However, genomics reveals untapped biosynthetic potential for terpenoids in bacteria. The discovery of the first trans-eunicellane terpene synthase, AlbS, provides insights into the biosynthesis of terpenoids in bacteria and expands our understanding of the eunicellane family of natural products and their enzymes. Furthermore, AlbS serves as a model system to investigate fundamental questions about the chemistry of 6,10-bicyclic ring systems.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Zuokai Wang, Wenlin Cai, Fangrui Ning, Wen Sun, Jianjun Du, Saran Long, Jiangli Fan, Xiaoqiang Chen, Xiaojun Peng
Summary: A PS called WZK-DPA-Zn, designed based on dipicolylamine (DPA), is capable of selectively identifying P. aeruginosa and drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria. It effectively eliminates bacteria through antibacterial photodynamic therapy (APDT) without inducing drug resistance.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Zining Li, Jeffrey D. Rudolf
Summary: This review summarizes recent advancements in the biosynthesis and enzymology of eunicellane diterpenoids, and highlights future research prospects in the field.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jeffrey D. Rudolf, Tyler A. Alsup, Baofu Xu, Zining Li
Summary: Terpenoids are the largest and most structurally diverse family of natural products, with over 80,000 known compounds found in all domains of life. While most characterized terpenoids are produced by plants and fungi, those of bacterial origin are rare despite the biosynthetic potential present in bacteria. Despite their relatively small size, bacterial terpenoids present a fascinating dichotomy for future research due to similarities with non-bacterial terpenoids and the abundance of novel structures, biosynthetic pathways, and bioactivities.
NATURAL PRODUCT REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Beau P. Pritchett, Etienne J. Donckele, Brian M. Stoltz
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2017)