Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Linda Fibiger, Torbjoern Ahlstroem, Christian Meyer, Martin Smith
Summary: Bioarchaeological evidence provides important insights into conflict in past societies, helping us understand the motivations for violence and its effects on individuals and groups. This study focuses on the Neolithic of northwestern Europe, examining the variation and societal context of violence recorded in human skeletal remains. The data compilation reveals that violence was endemic during this time, with intergroup hostilities leading to the destruction of entire communities. Further contextual information is needed to understand the motivations, origins, and evolution of violence based on the study of human remains.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Nikolay Prokof'ev, Boris Svistunov
Summary: We report a breakthrough development in solving a broad class of polaron problems with highly nonlinear electron-phonon coupling using a Monte Carlo technique in the coordinate representation. This technique simplifies the models with dispersionless phonons and sheds light on the qualitative and quantitative effects of the "standard" linear displacement-modulated hopping model.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Saikat Das, Satoshi Sugimoto, Varun Kumar Kushwaha, Yusuke Kozuka, Shinya Kasai
Summary: Magnetization switching can be achieved by utilizing spin-orbit torque, which shows potential for developing non-volatile memory technologies. In this study, we observed charge-to-spin current conversion at the interface between ferromagnetic Ni0.8Fe0.2 and ferroelectric Bi2WO6 thin films. The resulting spin-orbit torque consists of damping-like and field-like components, with an estimated efficiency comparable to contemporary spintronic materials. We propose that the Rashba Edelstein effect and the spin-orbit proximity effect contribute to the charge-to-spin current conversion and the giant efficiency, respectively.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mahdi Solaimani, Alireza Mobini, Abdolreza Rasouli Kenari
Summary: In this study, a new photodetector based on snowflake quantum rings (QRs) structure was presented and analyzed using a two-dimensional tight-binding model. The results showed narrow dominant absorption peaks with low full width at half maximum (FHWM) in the far-infrared (FIR) and mid-infrared (FIR) regimes. The properties and tuning capabilities of QRs were examined and demonstrated using the probability density and absorption calculations for different quantum ring geometries.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Matthew R. Carbone, Andrew J. Millis, David R. Reichman, John Sous
Summary: This study compares polarons in the one-dimensional Bond-Peierls model and the breathing-mode Peierls problem, showing that polaron mass enhancement depends on the momentum dependence of phonons. The inclusion of phonon dispersion leads to a nondivergent polaron mass, with a possible transition to a non-zero-momentum ground state similar to the breathing-mode Peierls model.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mikhail Tsitsvero, Jenny Pirillo, Yuh Hijikata, Tamiki Komatsuzaki
Summary: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a crucial technique in chemistry for obtaining accurate information about molecules. This study presents a machine learning (ML) method based on Gaussian process/deep kernel learning to predict, average, and analyze instantaneous chemical shifts of molecular conformations. The method was successfully applied to a trefoil knot molecule composed of 24 para-connected benzene rings.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
E. Gvozdiovas, I. B. Spielman, G. Juzeliunas
Summary: We propose a 2D optical lattice for ultracold atoms, created by a bichromatic optical standing wave, which allows for spatial features below the diffraction limit. By coupling the atomic states in a three-level A coupling configuration, we obtain a spatially uniform Born-Oppenheimer potential with additional geometric scalar and vector potentials due to rapid changes in the wave function. Depending on the parameters, the lattice can display a 2D analog of the Kronig-Penney lattice or an array of tubes with a zig-zag-shaped barrier. The geometric vector potential induces a periodic effective magnetic field, which can decouple tubes through destructive interference.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Wenbo Sun, Guozheng Fan, Tammo van der Heide, Adam McSloy, Thomas Frauenheim, Balint Aradi
Summary: Density functional tight binding (DFTB) is a quantum chemical simulation method with low computational cost. A machine learning algorithm was introduced to optimize DFTB parameters, focusing on solids with defects. The trained model showed significant reduction in differences between DFTB and DFT, demonstrating the feasibility of the approach for simulating defective periodic systems.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Monodeep Chakraborty, Sankeerth S. Narayan, R. Vigneshwaran, Mona Berciu
Summary: Variational exact diagonalization is used to investigate the properties of single polarons in four different dual models, including short-range off-diagonal (Peierls) and longer-range diagonal (Holstein or breathingmode) couplings. The results show strong sensitivity to the range of the diagonal coupling and dependence on the specific form of the diagonal coupling, suggesting careful consideration is required when making quantitative comparisons with experimental data.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
E. Shneyder, M. Zotova, S. Nikolaev, S. G. Ovchinnikov
Summary: This study investigates the influence of electron-phonon interaction on the insulator-metal transitions driven by doping in a strongly correlated system, using the polaronic version of the generalized tight-binding method. It analyzes a wide electron-phonon parameter range and demonstrates the relationship between transition features and system properties such as polaron and bipolaron crossovers, redistribution of spectral weight, orbital selectivity, flat-band formation, and pseudogap behavior of various origins.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Paulo Siani, Enrico Bianchetti, Hongsheng Liu, Cristiana Di Valentin
Summary: The study optimized CLASS2 force field parameters to describe Fe-O-water interactions by comparing with quantum mechanical calculations. The performance and transferability of the new parameters were evaluated through various simulations.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics
Raymond C. Heitmann, Linquan Ma
Summary: This article introduces the concept of the full extended plus closure and proves that complete local rings with F-finite residue fields have the properties of this closure, further extending to regular local rings in mixed characteristic environments.
JOURNAL OF ALGEBRA
(2021)
Article
Anthropology
Andrew K. Scherer
Summary: Recent studies on ancient warfare and violence show an increasing trend, with scholars acknowledging the complexity in explaining the variation in frequency and intensity of violence among different civilizations. The current focus is on understanding the nuances of war and violence in specific historical moments and locations, while continuing to explore the propositions of violence decrease from ancient to modern times and the role of war and violence in state formation and collapse.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANTHROPOLOGY, VOL 50
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. L. Fefferman, S. Fliss, M. I. Weinstein
Summary: This article examines the tight binding model of graphene with sharp edges along a translational symmetry direction of the underlying lattice. The research classifies these edges into zigzag and armchair types, showing that zero-energy/flat-band edge states only occur in zigzag edges. The study provides explicit formulas for flat-band edge states and presents strong evidence of dispersive (nonflat) edge state curves of nonzero energy for most edges.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Urban Studies
Margarita Garfias Royo, Priti Parikh, Julian Walker, Jyoti Belur
Summary: This study explores women's perceptions of vulnerability to Violence Against Women (VAW) in urban public spaces and their response to this violence in Querétaro, Mexico. First-hand data on different types of VAW was collected through 7 focus group discussions. The Socio-Ecological Framework (SEF) and the Social Construction of Space lens were used to analyze VAW at different levels, and a Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design approach was used to develop targeted recommendations. The results suggest that improving infrastructure, such as lighting, access routes, sidewalks, and prioritizing pedestrian mobility, could help prevent VAW in public spaces.
Article
Anthropology
Pamela K. Stone
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2016)
Book Review
Anthropology
Pamela K. Stone, Brooke L. Huguley
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Anthropology
Liz Ortiz, Adam C. Zimmer, Pamela K. Stone, Ryan P. Harrod
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2018)
Meeting Abstract
Anthropology
Pamela K. Stone
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2018)
Meeting Abstract
Anthropology
PK Stone, MA Traina
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2005)
Meeting Abstract
Anthropology
C. Crain, P. K. Stone
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2004)
Meeting Abstract
Anthropology
P Stone, J Rhodes, D Martin, D Potts
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2002)
Meeting Abstract
Anthropology
PK Stone
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2000)
Meeting Abstract
Anthropology
MM Margolis, DL Martin, PK Stone, MJ Kennis, AM Mickowski
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2000)
Meeting Abstract
Anthropology
DL Martin, PK Stone, M Barr-Dichiara
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2000)