Review
Cell Biology
Fabrizio Fontana, Patrizia Limonta
Summary: Understanding the molecular mechanisms of prostate cancer progression to the castration-resistant stage is crucial for improving therapeutic options. The activation of the androgen/androgen receptor axis and the GnRH/GnRH-R axis in CRPC cells play significant roles in antitumor activity, suggesting potential therapeutic implications.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Qing Cheng, William Butler, Yinglu Zhou, Hong Zhang, Lu Tang, Kathryn Perkinson, Xufeng Chen, Xiaoyin ''Sara'' Jiang, Shannon J. McCall, Brant A. Inman, Jiaoti Huang
Summary: Pre-existing castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC)-like cells are present in early-stage prostate cancer and are not solely the result of adaptation to androgen deprivation therapy. Patients with increased pre-existing neuroendocrine and CRPC-like cells may rapidly develop resistance to androgen deprivation therapy and may require early intervention.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Kenneth Chen, Louise Kostos, Arun A. Azad
Summary: The landscape of advanced prostate cancer treatment has undergone significant changes, with a shift towards combination therapies and upfront treatment intensification based on robust clinical data. Tailoring treatment according to metastatic disease burden is important, but defining disease volume has become more controversial due to next generation molecular imaging. Future studies should focus on identifying biomarkers to guide treatment intensification or de-escalation in specific patient populations.
WORLD JOURNAL OF UROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jana Kvizova, Vladimira Pavlickova, Eva Kmonickova, Tomas Ruml, Silvie Rimpelova
Summary: Prostate cancer is often asymptomatic in early stages, leading to late detection and difficult treatment. Research and development of novel therapeutic methods, including combination therapy and potential tools, are crucial for improving treatment outcomes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fernando Lopez-Campos, Pablo Gajate, Nuria Romero-Laorden, Juan Zafra-Martin, Manel Juan, Susana Hernando Polo, Antonio Conde Moreno, Felipe Counago
Summary: The use of immunotherapy has had a significant impact on cancer treatment, but it has not been as effective for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) due to the complex and immune-suppressive microenvironment of prostate cancer. Identifying molecular biomarkers for predicting treatment response is a key challenge. However, there are promising developments in immunotherapy treatments, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors combinations, BiTE® immune therapies, and chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) that may address this issue.
Article
Oncology
Leila T. Tchelebi, Cathy Eng, Craig A. Messick, Theodore S. Hong, Ethan B. Ludmir, Lisa A. Kachnic, Nicholas G. Zaorsky
Summary: The treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus has shifted from radical surgery to sphincter-preserving chemoradiation, with chemotherapy using mitomycin-C and 5-fluorouracil found to be essential for cure. Advanced radiation techniques are now considered standard of care, and further studies are exploring the addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors in locally advanced cancers.
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Emre Yekedüz, Rana R. McKay, Silke Gillessen, Toni K. Choueiri, Yuksel Ürün
Summary: This review evaluates the impact of abiraterone acetate plus prednisone versus non-steroidal anti-androgens on overall survival for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer with visceral metastasis. The analysis shows that abiraterone acetate improves overall survival in patients with visceral metastasis, while second-generation non-steroidal anti-androgens do not provide the same benefit in this population. However, both abiraterone acetate and second-generation non-steroidal anti-androgens improve overall survival in patients without visceral metastasis.
Article
Oncology
Vicenc Ruiz de Porras, Albert Font, Alvaro Aytes
Summary: Taxanes are currently the most active chemotherapy drugs used in the treatment of mCRPC, but resistance easily develops, limiting long-term survival. Platinum-based treatments, in addition to taxanes, are the limited therapeutic options for patients progressing to taxanes. Therefore, further research on the role of platinum-based chemotherapy in mCRPC and the identification of predictive biomarkers are urgently needed.
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Elias T. Friman, Wendy A. Bickmore
Summary: This study integrates the expression patterns of multiple markers to generate spatio-temporal maps of cell proliferation in cancer tissues.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Ryon P. Graf, Virginia Fisher, Joaquin Mateo, Ole Gjoerup, Russell W. Madison, Kira Raskina, Hanna Tukachinsky, James Creeden, Rachel Cunningham, Richard S. P. Huang, Douglas A. Mata, Jeffrey S. Ross, Geoffrey R. Oxnard, Jeffrey M. Venstrom, Amado J. Zurita
Summary: This study evaluated predictive associations of common genomic aberrations in mCRPC patients treated with NHT or taxanes, suggesting that AR amplification, PTEN aberrations, and RB1 aberrations are poor prognostic factors in NHT treatment. Adjusted multivariable models showed significant treatment interactions favoring taxanes over NHT, indicating reduced risk of therapy switch and death. Consistent associations were observed favoring increased benefit from subsequent taxane despite prior NHT treatment, particularly for patients with AR amplification.
Review
Oncology
Angela Y. Y. Jia, Ana P. Kiess, Qiubai Li, Emmanuel S. Antonarakis
Summary: The discovery of small molecules targeting the extracellular domain of PSMA has advanced diagnostic imaging and precision radiopharmaceutical therapies. This review presents existing data and ongoing clinical evaluations of PSMA-based imaging in the management of prostate cancer. It also discusses clinical studies on PSMA-based radiopharmaceutical therapy and forthcoming trials on early disease states. Multidisciplinary collaboration in trial design and therapeutic administration is crucial for the continued progress of this radiotheranostics field.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kei Mizuno, Himisha Beltran
Summary: Clinical genomic testing is becoming routine in prostate cancer, and recent technological advances have the potential to improve the implementation and value of precision oncology testing for patients with advanced prostate cancer.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ehud Reshef, Carlos Cordeiro
Summary: Wi-Fi technology has evolved through multiple generations, with Wi-Fi 6/6E and Wi-Fi 7 being the latest stages. This article analyzes future market requirements and technology challenges for the next 5-10 years, and introduces possible technical directions for Wi-Fi 8.
IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Niklas Sturm, Jasmin Selina Schuhbaur, Felix Huttner, Lukas Perkhofer, Thomas Jens Ettrich
Summary: Gallbladder cancer, the most common malignancy of the biliary tract, has been associated with various risk factors. Surgical resection and chemotherapy can improve the prognosis of patients. Targeted therapy based on molecular profiling is a promising approach for the treatment of gallbladder cancer.
Article
Oncology
A. Franza, M. Claps, G. Procopio
Summary: PARP inhibitors have gained approval in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) with mutations in homologous repair (HR)-related genes, but questions remain regarding drug resistance and PARPi-sensitivity in patients with alterations in various DNA damage response (DDR) related genes. This perspective article focuses on key issues related to PARP inhibitors in mCRPC, exploring potential combination therapeutic approaches and future directions in translational oncology research.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Anthony M. Joshua, Ian F. Tannock
Review
Oncology
Luke Ardolino, Aaron Hansen, Stephen Ackland, Anthony Joshua
Article
Oncology
Megan Crumbaker, Eva K. F. Chan, Tingting Gong, Niall Corcoran, Weerachai Jaratlerdsiri, Ruth J. Lyons, Anne-Maree Haynes, Anna A. Kulidjian, Anton M. F. Kalsbeek, Desiree C. Petersen, Phillip D. Stricker, Christina A. M. Jamieson, Peter I. Croucher, Christopher M. Hovens, Anthony M. Joshua, Vanessa M. Hayes
Review
Oncology
S. Sattar, K. R. Haase, C. Bradley, E. Papadopoulos, S. Kuster, D. Santa Mina, M. Tippe, A. Kaur, D. Campbell, A. M. Joshua, C. Rediger, O. Souied, S. Alibhai
Summary: In men with prostate cancer, structured group exercise is the most commonly reported facilitator/preference, while treatment-related effects and lack of time are the most common barriers; when engaging in physical activity, the prominent theme for male patients is their masculinity and gender-specific needs.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Wei Yen Chan, Lauren J. Brown, Lee Reid, Anthony M. Joshua
Summary: Melanomas with homologous recombination DNA damage repair pathways may benefit from a combination of PARP inhibitors and immunotherapy, potentially improving treatment outcomes, particularly in patients with homologous recombination DNA damage repair defects.
Article
Oncology
Hui-Ming Lin, Nicole Yeung, Jordan F. Hastings, David R. Croucher, Kevin Huynh, Thomas G. Meikle, Natalie A. Mellett, Edmond M. Kwan, Ian D. Davis, Ben Tran, Kate L. Mahon, Alison Zhang, Martin R. Stockler, Karen Briscoe, Gavin Marx, Patricia Bastick, Megan L. Crumbaker, Anthony M. Joshua, Arun A. Azad, Peter J. Meikle, Lisa G. Horvath
Summary: The study found that in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), blood lipids may be more informative than cytokines, with certain lipids consistently associated with poorer clinical outcomes and influencing immune response and treatment response. The correlation between circulating ceramides and cytokines suggests the regulation of immune responses by ceramides, and further research into metabolic interventions related to changes in lipid profiles is warranted.
Letter
Dermatology
James P. Pham, Phoebe Star, Luke Ardolino, Annika Smith, Anthony M. Joshua
AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Anthony M. Joshua, Andrew Armstrong, Megan Crumbaker, Howard Scher, Johann de Bono, Bertrand Tombal, Maha Hussain, Cora N. Sternberg, Silke Gillessen, Joan Carles, Karim Fizazi, Ping Lin, William Duggan, Jennifer Sugg, David Russell, Tomasz M. Beer
Summary: This study analyzed the impact of statins and metformin on treatment outcomes in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. The results showed inconsistent associations between the use of statins and metformin and radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), metastasis-free survival (MFS), and overall survival (OS) across different trials. The pooled analysis revealed that statin use was significantly associated with a reduced risk of death in enzalutamide-treated patients, while metformin use was not significant.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Blossom Mak, Hui-Ming Lin, Thy Duong, Kate L. Mahon, Anthony M. Joshua, Martin R. Stockler, Howard Gurney, Francis Parnis, Alison Zhang, Tahlia Scheinberg, Gary Wittert, Lisa M. Butler, David Sullivan, Andrew J. Hoy, Peter J. Meikle, Lisa G. Horvath
Summary: This study found that simvastatin can modify the poor lipid profile in men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Higher levels of sphingolipids, which are associated with poor prognosis, were reduced after simvastatin treatment. These findings are important for improving overall survival and therapeutic outcomes in mCRPC patients.
Review
Oncology
Richard D. Carvajal, Joseph J. Sacco, Martine J. Jager, David J. Eschelman, Roger Olofsson Bagge, J. William Harbour, Nicholas D. Chieng, Sapna P. Patel, Anthony M. Joshua, Sophie Piperno-Neumann
Summary: Uveal melanoma is a rare form of melanoma that occurs in the uveal tract of the eye, and it has distinct characteristics from cutaneous melanoma. Current treatments for primary uveal melanoma, such as radiotherapy and enucleation, can achieve local control in most patients, but distant metastases, especially in the liver, still occur in a significant number of cases. Until January 2022, no systemic therapy had been approved for metastatic uveal melanoma, leading to poor prognosis for these patients. However, recent studies have identified important genomic and immunological features of uveal melanoma, leading to the development of novel treatments, including tebentafusp, which has received regulatory approval.
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Oncology
A. Rodrigues, R. Cosman, A. M. Joshua
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
A. Rodrigues, R. Cosman, A. M. Joshua
Summary: Metastatic uveal melanoma has a poor prognosis and different pathophysiology from cutaneous melanoma, limiting treatment options. Targeted therapy with darovasertib towards protein kinase C is well tolerated and shows early signs of efficacy, indicating the need for further exploration and combination strategies.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
David Pook, Daniel M. Geynisman, Joan Carles, Filippo de Braud, Anthony M. Joshua, Jose Luis Perez-Gracia, Casilda Llacer Perez, Sang Joon Shin, Bruno Fang, Minal Barve, Marco Maruzzo, Sergio Bracarda, Miso Kim, Yannick Kerloeguen, Jorge Daniel Gallo, Sophia L. Maund, Adam Harris, Kuan-Chieh Huang, Victor Poon, Dhruvitkumar S. Sutaria, Howard Gurney
Summary: The combination of ipatasertib and rucaparib showed manageable safety in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, but did not demonstrate synergistic or additive antitumor activity in previously treated patients.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Luke C. Ardolino, Rachel Dear, Andrew J. Armstrong, Silke Gillessen, Anthony M. Joshua
Article
Oncology
Rebekah Rittberg, Piotr Czaykowski, Saroj Niraula
Summary: The majority of FDA approvals based on single-arm studies could potentially be feasible as randomized controlled trials within a reasonable time frame, therefore drug approval based on single-arm studies should only be permitted under exceptional circumstances to avoid collateral harms to patients and compromise scientific rigor.
JNCI CANCER SPECTRUM
(2021)