Article
Orthopedics
Jamie McAllister-Deitrick, Erica Beidler, Jessica Wallace, Morgan Anderson
Summary: There are significant differences in the knowledge of sport-related concussions among collegiate athletes, with female athletes scoring higher. Approximately one-quarter of athletes continue to play after suspecting a concussion. There are differences in reporting behaviors of suspected concussions between male and female athletes.
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF SPORT MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Najratun Nayem Pinky, Chantel T. Debert, Sean P. Dukelow, Brian W. Benson, Ashley D. Harris, Keith O. Yeates, Carolyn A. Emery, Bradley G. Goodyear
Summary: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide various measurements related to sport-related concussion (SRC) symptoms. In this study, researchers used multimodal MRI and a symptom-guided region-of-interest (ROI) approach to study youth with SRC. They found different MRI changes in the cerebellum, basal ganglia, and white matter tracts in SRC patients compared to controls, which were associated with symptom severity and time since injury. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the physiological mechanisms of concussion and localization of brain injury.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dorota Wyczechowska, Paul G. Harch, Shelly Mullenix, Erin S. Fannin, Brenda B. Chiappinelli, Duane Jeansonne, Adam Lassak, Nicolas G. Bazan, Francesca Peruzzi
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury/concussion is a common sports injury, particularly in football players. This study found that the expression of certain serum microRNAs can distinguish concussed players from non-concussed players, indicating their potential as biomarkers for early diagnosis. The research also identified miRNAs associated with the acute phase of concussion and those with persistent changes up to 4 months post-injury.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Daniel B. Hier, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi, Matthew S. Thimgan, Gayla R. Olbricht, Sima Azizi, Blaine Allen, Bassam A. Hadi, Donald C. Wunsch
Summary: Unresolved issues related to blood biomarkers after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are mainly focused on the pathways of biomarkers entering and exiting the blood, the kinetics of blood biomarkers, and the predictive capacity of blood biomarkers after mTBI. Further research is needed to address these issues.
BIOMARKER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Johna Register-Mihalik, Daniel D. Leeds, Emily Kroshus, Zachary Yukio Kerr, Kristen Knight, Christopher D'Lauro, Robert C. Lynall, Tanvir Ahmed, Yuta Hagiwara, Steven P. Broglio, Michael A. Mccrea, Thomas W. W. Mcallister, Julianne D. D. Schmidt
Summary: This study aimed to identify factors that can accurately classify previous concussion diagnosis status among collegiate student-athletes and service academy cadets. Machine learning techniques were used, and the results showed that both individual and institutional factors can achieve classification accuracy of over 50%. However, considering all factors, the average accuracy ranged from 56% to 65%. Similar performance was achieved when considering individual risk factors alone. In contrast, classifications using only institutional risk factors usually did not distinguish between diagnosed and undiagnosed concussions.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Review
Sport Sciences
Paul H. Eliason, Jean-Michel Galarneau, Ash T. Kolstad, M. Patrick Pankow, Stephen W. West, Stuart Bailey, Lauren Miutz, Amanda Marie Black, Steven P. Broglio, Gavin A. Davis, Brent E. Hagel, Jonathan D. Smirl, Keith A. Stokes, Michael Takagi, Ross Tucker, Nick Webborn, Roger Zemek, Alix Hayden, Kathryn J. Schneider, Carolyn A. Emery
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated prevention strategies, unintended consequences, and modifiable risk factors for sport-related concussion (SRC) and/or head impact risk. The findings suggest that protective gear, policy and rule changes, training strategies, and SRC management strategies may help to prevent SRC. The study highlights the importance of further research on modifiable risk factors for informing effective concussion prevention strategies. Rating: 8/10.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Grant Rigney, Jacob Jo, Kristen Williams, Douglas P. Terry, Scott L. Zuckerman
Summary: This systematic review examined the association between parental factors and recovery after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in children. The study found that factors such as socioeconomic status/income, parental stress/distress, parental anxiety, parental level of education, and family history of neurologic diseases were significantly associated with recovery. These findings highlight the importance of considering parental factors in mTBI recovery and suggest potential interventions and policy considerations.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Charlotte Oris, Samy Kahouadji, Julie Durif, Damien Bouvier, Vincent Sapin
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a growing burden worldwide, accounting for approximately 80% of all TBI cases. In recent years, candidate biomarkers have been investigated to improve the management of mTBI patients. Blood biomarker measurement in the acute phase after a traumatic event helps reduce unnecessary CT scans and hospitalizations. S100B protein has emerged as the most widely studied and used biomarker for clinical decision making in patients with mTBI. Besides its diagnostic use, S100B plays a role in the molecular pathogenic processes accompanying acute brain injury, making it a potential therapeutic target.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Matthew A. McDonald, Samantha J. Holdsworth, Helen V. Danesh-Meyer
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury, or concussion, is caused by head trauma and the current method of diagnosis is subjective. It is important to find an objective biomarker that can detect and predict recovery. Ocular motor impairment may serve as a valuable clinical biomarker, but current research does not support a singular ocular biomarker.
JOURNAL OF EYE MOVEMENT RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
P. Decq, D. Brauge, A. Calmat, H. Cassoudesalle, P. Dehail, F. Deroche, A. Frey, M. Julia, P. Le Van, J. Lecocq, C. Mekies, A. Monroche, J. Pariente, R. Rousseau, B. Vesselle, G. Einsargueix
Summary: A working group in the French Ministry of Sports aims to harmonize the management of sports-related concussions in France. They have established a clinical definition and diagnostic criteria for concussion, emphasizing the importance of a unified approach across all sports for better understanding and management of this pathology.
Article
Ophthalmology
Matthew A. McDonald, Samantha J. Holdsworth, Helen V. Danesh-Meyer
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury, also known as concussion, is a common injury that affects patients of all demographics. There is a global effort to accurately diagnose and identify patients who are at a higher risk of prolonged symptoms in order to facilitate appropriate rehabilitation efforts. However, underreporting by patients and differences in treatment outcomes based on ethnicity, age, and gender are common challenges.
JOURNAL OF EYE MOVEMENT RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Dylan Powell, Alan Godfrey, Lucy Parrington, Kody R. Campbell, Laurie A. King, Sam Stuart
Summary: By evaluating the free-living gait quality of chronic mTBI patients and controls, it was found that there was no significant difference between the two groups, indicating that in this case, gait quality measurements may not be impaired.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Ekaterina Lunkova, Guido Guberman, Alain Ptito, Rajeet Singh Saluja
Summary: This review discusses various imaging methods for concussion, including fMRI, SWI, dMRI, and ASL, highlighting their benefits and drawbacks. A multimodal approach is recommended for a comprehensive understanding of mild traumatic brain injury mechanisms.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Olivia Galea, Shaun O'Leary, Julia Treleaven
Summary: The Buffalo Concussion Treadmill Test (BCTT) was used to evaluate physiological system impairment (PSI) in individuals 4 weeks to 6 months post-mTBI. Results showed that 30% of the participants failed the test, and the test duration and heart rate response were significantly lower in the mTBI group compared with healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Michael Makdissi, Meghan L. Critchley, Robert C. Cantu, Jeffrey G. Caron, Gavin A. Davis, Ruben J. Echemendia, Pierre Fremont, K. Alix Hayden, Stanley A. Herring, Sidney R. Hinds, Barry Jordan, Simon Kemp, Michael McNamee, David Maddocks, Shinji Nagahiro, Jon Patricios, Margot Putukian, Michael Turner, Stacy Sick, Kathryn J. Schneider
Summary: This review systematically examines factors to consider when advising athletes about retirement after sport-related concussion (SRC) and defines contraindications for children/adolescents participating in contact or collision sports following SRC. The study found no evidence to support absolute indications for retirement or discontinuation from contact or collision sport based on patient-specific, injury-specific or other factors (such as imaging findings).
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Cindy H. Nguyen, Susan Marzolini, Paul Oh, Scott G. Thomas
Summary: The study demonstrated significant improvements in VO2peak for patients with PAD, CAD, and BOTH following a 6-month CR program. Despite similar prescribed walking distance and duration, improvements in VO2peak were less pronounced in patients with PAD and BOTH compared to those with CAD. Further exploration of alternate exercise strategies for PAD patients is recommended.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Adriana Oliveira Sarmento, Ligia M. Antunes-Correa, Maria J. N. N. Alves, Aline V. N. Bacurau, Keila C. B. Fonseca, Fernanda G. Pessoa, Denise M. L. Lobo, Leila D. P. Moreira, Ivani C. Trombetta, Maria U. P. B. Rondon, Eduardo Rondon, Marcelo L. C. Vieira, Felix J. A. Ramires, Maria Socorro do Brasileiro-Santos, Patricia C. Brum, Charles Mady, Carlos E. Negrao, Scott Thomas, Barbara M. Ianni
Summary: Exercise training improves cardiac and peripheral autonomic function in patients with chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy, reducing sympathetic activity in muscles, heart, and vessels, while increasing parasympathetic tone and baroreflex sensitivity. It also leads to increased type I muscle fiber cross-sectional area and oxidative metabolism, as well as decreased atrogin-1 gene expression in skeletal muscle.
CLINICAL AUTONOMIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Robert P. Nolan, Heather J. Ross, Michael E. Farkouh, Ella Huszti, Sammy Chan, Mustafa Toma, Bianca D'Antono, Michel White, Scott Thomas, Susan Barr, Sylvie Perreault, Michael McDonald, Shelley Zieroth, Debra Isaac, Andreas Wielgosz, Lisa Marie Mielniczuk
Summary: This study found that e-counseling has a positive impact on improving health-related quality of life and self-care behaviors for patients with chronic heart failure, especially in increasing program engagement and self-care behaviors.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ann Nakashima, Oshin Vartanian, Shawn G. Rhind, Kristen King, Catherine Tenn, Col Rakesh Jetly
Summary: Occupational blast exposure in military personnel may lead to tinnitus, with balance, ataxia, and hearing tests not being sensitive enough to detect these effects. Future studies should include additional information such as exposure history and functional hearing assessments.
Review
Sport Sciences
Michael A. Rosenblat, Edward Lin, Bruno R. da Costa, Scott G. Thomas
Summary: Interval training, including HIIT and SIT, is crucial for improving endurance sport performance. However, the optimal method to manipulate the training variables for different individuals remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that changes in TT performance with HIIT depended on duration, while SIT did not show a dose-response relationship. Training status plays a significant role in improvements in TT performance, with differing responses between individuals of different training statuses.
Article
Hematology
Henry T. Peng, Barto Nascimento, Shawn G. Rhind, Luis da Luz, Andrew Beckett
Summary: The study revealed that a portion of trauma patients experienced coagulopathic bleeding and abnormal levels of certain biomarkers in response to severe trauma. Fibrinogen replacement therapy was effective in improving hypofibrinogenemia, but had no significant impact on other biomarkers levels.
Article
Hematology
Henry T. Peng, Shawn G. Rhind, Dana Devine, Craig Jenkins, Andrew Beckett
Summary: The study evaluated the ex vivo characteristics of a novel freeze-dried plasma product and found it to be equivalent to frozen plasma in terms of hemostatic and immuno-inflammatory properties. Further investigations are needed to explore the use of this product in trauma-induced coagulopathy models and bleeding patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Talwinder Gill, Sarah E. Watling, J. Don Richardson, Tina McCluskey, Junchao Tong, Jeffrey H. Meyer, Jerry Warsh, Rakesh Jetly, Michael G. Hutchison, Shawn G. Rhind, Sylvain Houle, Neil Vasdev, Stephen J. Kish, Isabelle Boileau
Summary: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be associated with astrocyte pathology and a decrease in MAO-B levels. Preliminary results suggest a potential reduction in [C-11]SL25.1188 availability in PTSD patients, especially those with comorbid major depressive disorder (MDD). These findings are partly consistent with preclinical studies and recent PET observations, but further replication in a larger PTSD cohort is needed.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Gillian E. White, Sarah L. West, Catherine Sabiston, Shawn G. Rhind, Paul C. Nathan, Jessica E. Caterini, Heather Jones, Tammy Rayner, Ruth Weiss, Greg D. Wells
Summary: Exercise intolerance is a common adverse effect seen in children with cancer, and most studies have focused on the central cardiovascular deficiencies as the cause of reduced aerobic fitness. However, this study investigates the involvement of peripheral musculature using noninvasive phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results show that children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma exhibit altered peripheral skeletal muscle metabolism during exercise, which could be attributed to both deconditioning and the direct effects of chemotherapy.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Michael R. Miller, Alicia DiBattista, Maitray A. Patel, Mark Daley, Catherine Tenn, Ann Nakashima, Shawn G. Rhind, Oshin Vartanian, Maria Y. Shiu, Norleen Caddy, Michelle Garrett, Doug Saunders, Ingrid Smith, Rakesh Jetly, Douglas D. Fraser
Summary: This study identified candidate biomarkers for chronic blast exposure in military personnel using metabolomics profiling. These biomarkers may aid in surveillance and care for military personnel and could potentially be used for point-of-care screening.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Gillian W. White, Shawn G. Rhind, Paul C. Nathan, Jessica E. Caterini, Heather N. P. Jones, Greg D. Wells
Summary: Childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) survivors show similar stress responses to healthy controls, but with lower sympatho-adrenal-medullary reactivity. Altered stress regulation may modulate long-term health in this population.
PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jillian Larkin, Lais Vanzella, Scott Thomas, Tracey J. F. Colella, Paul Oh
Summary: Breast cancer accounts for a significant proportion of female cancer in Canada, and though the mortality rate has decreased, the adverse effects of treatment contribute to a reduced quality of life. Physical activity has been identified as a potential therapy for the late effects of breast cancer treatment; however, the COVID-19 pandemic has restricted access to in-person cardiovascular rehabilitation programs. This study compares the physical activity of breast cancer survivors in in-person and virtual rehabilitation programs during the pandemic, as well as comparing their activity levels to a matched cohort from 2018/2019. The study also explores the experiences of breast cancer survivors transitioning to and engaging in virtual rehabilitation.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Avideh Gharehgazlou, Rakesh Jetly, Shawn G. Rhind, Amy C. Reichelt, Leodante Da Costa, Benjamin T. Dunkley
Summary: Cortical gyrification, a measure derived from magnetic resonance imaging, is not well-studied in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). This study found that mTBI adversely affects cortical gyrification morphology in the frontal and temporal lobes, which are susceptible regions to mTBI. Age-related decreases in cortical gyrification were also observed.
NEUROTRAUMA REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Oshin Vartanian, Shawn G. Rhind, Ann Nakashima, Catherine Tenn, Timothy K. Lam, Maria Shiu, Norleen Caddy, Kristen King, Alexi Natale, Rakesh Jetly
Summary: The study found that breachers and snipers who had a history of repetitive exposure to low-level blast had more severe post-concussive symptoms but no poorer mental health outcomes compared to controls. This suggests that post-concussive symptoms and mental health outcomes might be dissociable when assessing the impact of repetitive low-level blast exposure in the context of training and operations.
JOURNAL OF MILITARY VETERAN AND FAMILY HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Henry T. Peng, Shawn G. Rhind, Andrew Beckett
Summary: Convalescent plasma (CP) obtained from recovered COVID-19 patients has shown positive results in various studies for both prophylactic and therapeutic treatment. However, more well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to establish the clear benefits of CP therapy in patients with COVID-19. Future research is essential to address the gaps in knowledge regarding the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 patients with CP.
JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
(2021)
