Article
Physiology
Ryan Neil Marshall, James McKendry, Benoit Smeuninx, Alex Peter Seabright, Paul T. Morgan, Carolyn Greig, Leigh Breen
Summary: Ageing is associated with changes in skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism, which may be influenced by physical activity status. The effect of resistance exercise training on skeletal muscle mitochondrial regulation is unclear.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Gibran Pedraza-Vazquez, Beatriz Mena-Montes, David Hernandez-Alvarez, Juan Carlos Gomez-Verjan, Rafael Toledo-Perez, Miriam T. Lopez-Teros, Mina Konigsberg, Luis E. Gomez-Quiroz, Armando Luna-Lopez
Summary: Osteosarcopenic obesity is associated with immobility, fractures, and other dysfunctions, but its cause is still unknown. Sedentarism, fat gain, and epigenetic regulators play critical roles in its development. Exercise is an effective intervention for preventing and treating OSO. miRNA expression and inflammatory profiles are implicated in this process, suggesting their involvement in immune regulation and preventing OSO.
ARCHIVES OF GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Muriel Giron, Muriel Thomas, Dominique Dardevet, Christophe Chassard, Isabelle Savary-Auzeloux
Summary: Evidence suggests that gut microbiota composition and diversity can have an impact on skeletal muscle metabolism and functionality. The signals generated by the gut microbiome can regulate muscle functionality via modulation of inflammation and insulin sensitivity. More studies are needed to identify specific strains of bacteria that can optimize muscle mass and function. Personalized nutrition and testing the efficiency of probiotics in different populations are essential. The combination of bacteria, prebiotics, and other supplements may be the best approach to preserve muscle functionality in individuals of all ages.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jiling Liang, Hu Zhang, Zhengzhong Zeng, Jun Lv, Jielun Huang, Xiaowen Wu, Minghui Wang, Jiahao Xu, Jingjing Fan, Ning Chen
Summary: Exercise interventions may serve as a potential treatment for sarcopenia by modulating molecular mechanisms associated with muscle atrophy.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Patrick M. Schaefer, Komal Rathi, Arrienne Butic, Wendy Tan, Katherine Mitchell, Douglas C. Wallace
Summary: Primary mitochondrial diseases are metabolic disorders caused by mutations in mitochondrial and nuclear DNA genes. This study found that endurance exercise may be beneficial for some mitochondrial disorders but not for others. Gene expression analysis identified key pathways involved in the exercise response.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
James E. M. Blackwell, Nima Gharahdaghi, Matthew S. Brook, Shinya Watanabe, Catherine L. Boereboom, Brett Doleman, Jonathan N. Lund, Daniel J. Wilkinson, Kenneth Smith, Philip J. Atherton, John P. Williams, Bethan E. Phillips
Summary: The study found that in octogenarians with comorbidities, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) can improve cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle mass, including reducing fat mass and increasing muscle synthesis rates.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Danielle Hiam, Shanie Landen, Macsue Jacques, Sarah Voisin, Severine Lamon, Nir Eynon
Summary: This study found sex differences in the expression levels of muscle miRNAs at baseline and in response to acute high-intensity interval exercise. These miRNAs participate in regulating key pathways essential to skeletal muscle development and metabolism, programming sex differences in skeletal muscle phenotype.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Marco Narici, Jamie McPhee, Maria Conte, Martino V. Franchi, Kyle Mitchell, Sara Tagliaferri, Elena Monti, Giuseppe Marcolin, Philip J. Atherton, Kenneth Smith, Bethan Phillips, Jonathan Lund, Claudio Franceschi, Marcello Maggio, Gillian S. Butler-Browne
Summary: The study introduced an ultrasound imaging method for diagnosing sarcopenia based on changes in muscle geometric proportions. The ultrasound sarcopenic index (USI) was proposed as a novel marker for the loss of muscle mass associated with sarcopenia, providing a useful 'signature of sarcopenia' and allowing for stratification of individuals according to muscle sarcopenia presence and severity. The USI was found to be a useful clinical tool for confirming the diagnosis of sarcopenia, with DXA-derived skeletal muscle index (SMI) showing significant correlation with USI.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
R. Niel, L. Le Moyec, T. Launay, L. Mille-Hamard, M. N. Triba, O. Maciejak, V. L. Billat, I. Momken
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the role of sarcomeric mitochondrial creatine kinase (Mt-CK) in muscle energy output during exercise using a murine model of ageing. Results showed that Mt-CK deficiency potentiated ageing effects on VO(2)peak, Vpeak, and mitochondrial protein expression. Mt-CK knock-out mice exhibited physiological adaptations to survive and perform similarly to wild-type mice, but these adaptations may come at a high energy cost and could potentially accelerate ageing.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Kenneth H. Mertz, Soren Reitelseder, Rasmus Bechshoeft, Jacob Bulow, Grith Hojfeldt, Mikkel Jensen, Simon R. Schacht, Mads Vendelbo Lind, Morten A. Rasmussen, Ulla R. Mikkelsen, Inge Tetens, Soren B. Engelsen, Dennis S. Nielsen, Astrid P. Jespersen, Lars Holm
Summary: Protein supplementation alone was found to be ineffective in improving muscle mass and strength in healthy older adults, while heavy-resistance training combined with whey protein supplementation proved to be the most effective intervention for preserving muscle mass and increasing strength. Additional strategies to improve long-term compliance to heavy resistance exercise in this population are recommended for future studies.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Matthew S. Brook, Daniel J. Wilkinson, Janelle Tarum, Kyle W. Mitchell, Jonathan L. Lund, Bethan E. Phillips, Nathaniel J. Szewczyk, Fawzi Kadi, Paul L. Greenhaff, Ken Smith, Philip J. Atherton
Summary: Ageing limits the growth capacity of skeletal muscle in response to resistance exercise, but the role of satellite cell function in driving this phenomenon is poorly understood.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Nicolas Busse, Madison L. Gonzalez, Mackenzie L. Krason, Sally E. Johnson
Summary: Consumption of HMB increased the percentage of type IIA and IIA/X muscle fibers in the GM, but did not improve athletic performance in horses. Additionally, HMB supplementation did not have measurable effects on the biomechanical properties of the muscles in horses.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Colin Harper, Venkatesh Gopalan, Jorming Goh
Summary: This review examines the cellular and molecular changes in skeletal muscle mitochondria during aging, particularly focusing on the efficiency of mitochondrial coupling and its impact on muscle function decline. It also discusses how different exercise modalities can potentially reverse these changes and delay the onset of sarcopenia. Additional concepts such as mitophagy and the implications of muscle fiber type changes with sarcopenia on mitochondrial function are also integrated in this review.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anjali Bhat, Rafay Abu, Sankarasubramanian Jagadesan, Neetha Nanoth Vellichirammal, Ved Vasishtha Pendyala, Li Yu, Tara L. Rudebush, Chittibabu Guda, Irving H. Zucker, Vikas Kumar, Lie Gao
Summary: Exercise training improves skeletal muscle health through various adaptative pathways. Nrf2, an important antioxidant transcription factor, is crucial for the adaptative responses and beneficial effects of exercise on muscle. The study suggests that Nrf2 plays a critical role in the adaptive effects of skeletal muscle and its response to exercise training.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jing Jing, Xichun Jiang, Cuiyun Zhu, Qi Zheng, Qianyun Ji, Huiqun Yin, Jingtong Huang, Yixiao Zhu, Jiao Wang, Shuaiqi Qin, Yinghui Ling
Summary: This study constructed nine RNA-seq libraries of fetus, child and adult rabbits' leg muscles, identifying 278 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs). The study summarized the highly expressed and uniquely expressed DEmiRNAs at different developmental stages.
Review
Physiology
Glenn D. Wadley, Severine Lamon, Sarah E. Alexander, Julie R. McMullen, Bianca C. Bernardo
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jasmine Mikovic, Kate Sadler, Lauren Butchart, Sarah Voisin, Frederico Gerlinger-Romero, Paul Della Gatta, Miranda D. Grounds, Severine Lamon
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2018)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shanie Landen, Sarah Voisin, Jeffrey M. Craig, Sean L. McGee, Seyerine Lamon, Nir Eynon
Review
Sport Sciences
Olivia E. Knowles, Brad Aisbett, Luana C. Main, Eric J. Drinkwater, Liliana Orellana, Severine Lamon
Article
Physiology
Emily J. Arentson-Lantz, Kinga N. Fiebig, Kim J. Anderson-Catania, Rachel R. Deer, Adam Wacher, Christopher S. Fry, Severine Lamon, Douglas Paddon-Jones
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Danielle Hiam, Severine Lamon
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Evelyn Zacharewicz, Ming Kalanon, Robyn M. Murphy, Aaron P. Russell, Severine Lamon
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jasmine Mikovic, Camille Brightwell, Angus Lindsay, Yuan Wen, Greg Kowalski, Aaron P. Russell, Christopher S. Fry, Severine Lamon
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zengxiao Cai, Linpeng Fan, Hongxia Wang, Severine Lamon, Sarah Elizabeth Alexander, Tong Lin, Sharon L. Edwards
Summary: 3D macroporous microfibrous scaffolds with featured surface topography were developed using a heat-welding-and-embossing strategy. The scaffolds demonstrated higher compressive strength and modulus compared to traditional 3D microfibrous scaffolds, and significantly promoted cell growth and myotube formation. This facile strategy can be applied to fabricate various fibrous scaffolds for biomedical applications, providing insights for the design of functional 3D scaffolds.
Review
Sport Sciences
Sarah E. Alexander, Alexander C. Pollock, Severine Lamon
Summary: Sex steroids play important roles in the regulation of female skeletal muscle mass and function, with free fractions of testosterone and progesterone consistently associated with muscle mass regulation, while estrogens may primarily be involved in mediating muscle contractile function. Recent evidence suggests that intramuscular sex hormone concentrations may be more strongly associated with muscle size and function.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Kate J. Sadler, Paul A. Della Gatta, Timur Naim, Marita A. Wallace, Albert Lee, Thiri Zaw, Angus Lindsay, Roger S. Chung, Luca Bello, Elena Pegoraro, Severine Lamon, Gordon S. Lynch, Aaron P. Russell
Summary: The study found that members of the STARS pathway are reduced in DMD patients' quadriceps. Overexpression of STARS in mdx mice increased maximal isometric specific force and upregulated members of the actin cytoskeleton and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. This suggests regulating STARS may be an effective approach to enhance muscle health.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Emily J. Arentson-Lantz, Jasmine Mikovic, Nisha Bhattarai, Christopher S. Fry, Severine Lamon, Craig Porter, Douglas Paddon-Jones
Summary: Leucine supplementation in older adults helps preserve mitochondrial function and muscle oxidative capacity during periods of disuse and rehabilitation. It mitigates the loss of insulin sensitivity associated with muscular disuse and increases mitochondrial respiration while reducing oxidative stress markers after periods of disuse and rehabilitation.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarah E. Alexander, Gavin Abbott, Brad Aisbett, Glenn D. Wadley, Jill A. Hnatiuk, Severine Lamon
Summary: In pre-menopausal females, total testosterone was not significantly associated with lean mass index (LMI) or handgrip strength, while free androgen index (FAI) showed a quadratic association with LMI. Handgrip strength was not associated with FAI or total testosterone in pre-menopausal females without pharmacological alterations in testosterone concentrations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Jessica L. Silver, Sarah E. Alexander, Hayley T. Dillon, Severine Lamon, Glenn D. Wadley
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Physiology
Severine Lamon, Aimee Morabito, Emily Arentson-Lantz, Olivia Knowles, Grace Elizabeth Vincent, Dominique Condo, Sarah Elizabeth Alexander, Andrew Garnham, Douglas Paddon-Jones, Brad Aisbett
Summary: Chronic sleep loss is harmful to health, with even a single night of total sleep deprivation causing decreased muscle protein synthesis and promoting a catabolic environment; Acute sleep deprivation impacts hormone levels, leading to metabolic dysfunction.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2021)