Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael R. Kilbourn
Summary: The application of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to study brain biochemistry, especially dopamine neurotransmission, has significantly grown over the past 40 years. PET imaging of dopaminergic functions in the central nervous system is routinely used for research in neurology, psychiatry, drug abuse and addiction, as well as drug development. The key advancement in PET imaging is the development of unique radiotracers labeled with positron-emitting radionuclides like carbon-11 and fluorine-18, which have greatly contributed to the progress in this field.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Siyang Liu, Ye Liu, Zhe Zhang, Xiaodong Wang, Yicheng Yang, Kai Sun, Jiangbo Yu, Daniel T. Chiu, Changfeng Wu
Summary: This study developed a near-infrared optical transducer to monitor glucose variations in cerebrospinal fluid, and observed abnormal glucose uptake in transgenic mice with brain tumors.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Substance Abuse
Simon Jangard, Nitya Jayaram-Lindstrom, Nils Hentati Isacsson, Granville James Matheson, Pontus Plaven-Sigray, Johan Franck, Jacqueline Borg, Lars Farde, Simon Cervenka
Summary: This study found no significant association between striatal dopamine D2 receptor availability and later alcohol use or alcohol-related factors. However, there was a negative association between D2 receptor availability and later impulsivity, although the effect size was small.
Article
Physiology
Tomas Ros, Jessica Kwiek, Theo Andriot, Abele Michela, Patrik Vuilleumier, Valentina Garibotto, Nathalie Ginovart
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the impact of neurofeedback on endogenous dopamine release using positron emission tomography (PET). Significant dopamine release was observed in the frontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex in both neurofeedback and electromyography training groups, suggesting a potential link between changes in brain state and neuromodulation. This study represents the first direct investigation of neurofeedback's effect on endogenous release of a key neuromodulator, demonstrating its feasibility for future research.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andreas-Antonios Roussakis, Zhou Zeng, Nicholas P. Lao-Kaim, Antonio Martin-Bastida, Paola Piccini
Summary: The study found that in moderate-stage Parkinson's disease, asymmetry in striatal dopaminergic degeneration becomes less prominent over time, while the asymmetry of motor symptoms remains consistent between the clinically most and least affected body sides.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicolas Nicastro, Umberto Nencha, Pierre R. Burkhard, Valentina Garibotto
Summary: This study summarizes the current evidence on dopaminergic molecular imaging in the diagnostic evaluation of Parkinson's disease (PD), atypical parkinsonian syndromes, and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), as well as its potential to distinguish these conditions and estimate disease progression. Dopamine imaging has an outstanding potential for early detection of neurodegeneration.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Lieneke Katharina Janssen, Annette Horstmann
Summary: Dopamine plays a crucial role in adaptive behavior, with obesity-related alterations affecting the central dopamine system, as shown in molecular neuroimaging studies. While there are associations between obesity and substrates of the dopamine system in humans, it is unlikely that obesity can be traced back to a single dopaminergic cause.
Article
Neurosciences
Tuulia Malen, Tomi Karjalainen, Janne Isojaervi, Aki Vehtari, Paul-Christian Buerkner, Vesa Putkinen, Valtteri Kaasinen, Jarmo Hietala, Pirjo Nuutila, Juha Rinne, Lauri Nummenmaa
Summary: This study investigated the influence of age, sex, BMI, cerebral hemisphere, and regional volume on striatal D2R availability in the human brain using a large historical dataset. The results showed that D2R availability decreased with age and was higher in females than males. BMI was weakly associated with D2R availability. The observed effects were independent of regional volumes and were validated using different spatial normalization methods. These findings contribute to our understanding of the vulnerability of neurological and psychiatric conditions involving altered D2R expression.
Article
Neurosciences
Kyoungjune Pak, Lauri Nummenmaa
Summary: This study investigated the association between dopamine receptor availability and overweight/obesity using Bayesian and frequentist meta-analysis. The results showed that there was no difference in dopamine receptor availability between lean and overweight/obese subjects, but this effect was dependent on the radiopharmaceutical and the degree of obesity.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leiwen Mao, Yujie Han, Qi-Wei Zhang, Yang Tian
Summary: The researchers developed a small molecular fluorescent probe that can specifically respond to norepinephrine (NE) on a 100-ms timescale, providing high spatiotemporal resolution for monitoring NE dynamics in living systems. The probe utilizes a dual acceleration mechanism of molecular-folding and water-bridging to enhance reaction kinetics. It successfully captured the fast fluctuation of NE levels at neuronal cytomembranes within 2s and revealed a correlation between downregulated NE levels and Alzheimer's disease pathology and antioxidant therapy through two-photon fluorescence imaging of acute brain tissue slices.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Monte S. Buchsbaum, Serge A. Mitelman, Bradley T. Christian, Brian M. Merrill, Bradley R. Buchsbaum, Danielle Mitelman, Jogeshwar Mukherjee, Douglas S. Lehrer
Summary: Schizophrenia is characterized by diminished prefrontal function, dopaminergic abnormalities, and reductions in white matter integrity and frontotemporal gray matter deficits. Using multiple imaging modalities can provide better predictive power and diagnostic discrimination, with fractional anisotropy showing highest discrimination in white matter and 18F-fallypride binding showing highest discrimination in gray matter. Combination of functional and structural imaging modalities with inclusion of both gray and white matter appears most effective in diagnostic discrimination.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiang Kong, Song Luo, Yun Fei Wang, Gui Fen Yang, Guang Ming Lu, Long Jiang Zhang
Summary: Neuroinflammation is a key factor in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy, with TSPO upregulation providing a molecular target for imaging. The study using BDL rats found that both [18F]PBR146 and [18F]DPA-714 can quantitatively evaluate neuroinflammation in hepatic encephalopathy models, with specific brain regions showing abnormal uptake and correlating with behavioral alterations.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Mei Tian, Chuantao Zuo, A. Cahid Civelek, Ignasi Carrio, Yasuyoshi Watanabe, Keon Wook Kang, Koji Murakami, John O. Prior, Yan Zhong, Xiaofeng Dou, Congcong Yu, Chentao Jin, Rui Zhou, Fengtao Liu, Xinyi Li, Jiaying Lu, Hong Zhang, Jian Wang
Summary: This article introduces the international consensus and practice guideline, aiming to promote the standardized use of presynaptic dopaminergic PET imaging in parkinsonism.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Hannah M. Linden, David A. Mankoff
Summary: [F-18]fluoroestradiol (FES) PET is an FDA-approved imaging biomarker that predicts clinical benefit of endocrine therapy and measures target activity in drug development. A recent study showed that tumor heterogeneity of expression predicts clinical benefit, and serial FES monitoring can assess estrogen receptor blockade and posttreatment release.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Christophe van de Wiele, Sezgin Ustmert, Bart De Spiegeleer, Pieter-Jan De Jonghe, Mike Sathekge, Maes Alex
Summary: Various potential PET-apoptosis imaging radiopharmaceuticals have been developed to assess the response to cancer treatment. Some of these radiopharmaceuticals showed enhanced uptake in xenografted tumors in mice, but to varying degrees. Two validated radioligands showed favorable characteristics in healthy individuals, but did not significantly affect bone marrow. Further research is needed to evaluate the clinical value of these radiopharmaceuticals for apoptosis imaging in cancer patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
