Article
Oncology
Kirsten A. Nyrop, Emily M. Damone, Allison M. Deal, Lisa A. Carey, Michael Lorentsen, Shlomit S. Shachar, Grant W. Williams, Addison (Tucker) Brenizer, Amy Wheless, Hyman B. Muss
Summary: This study reveals significant disparities between Black and White women with early breast cancer in terms of obesity, overall comorbidities, and obesity-related comorbidities, but no intergroup differences were found in treatment decisions.
Article
Oncology
Leah Moubadder, Lindsay J. Collin, Rebecca Nash, Jeffrey Switchenko, Jasmine Miller-Kleinhenz, Keerthi Gogineni, Kevin C. Ward, Lauren E. McCullough
Summary: The study identified tumor, treatment, and patient characteristics that may contribute to differences in breast cancer mortality by race, rurality, and area-level socioeconomic status among women diagnosed with stage IIIB-IV BC in Georgia.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nickolas Stabellini, Jennifer Cullen, Lifen Cao, John Shanahan, Nelson Hamerschlak, Kristin Waite, Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan, Alberto J. Montero
Summary: The study aimed to analyze the differences in treatment patterns and treatment related adverse events in Non-Hispanic women with breast cancer based on race. The results showed that Non-Hispanic Black women were less likely to undergo surgery or receive endocrine therapy, but more likely to receive radiotherapy. They also had a higher risk of cognitive decline/dementia after treatment.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Samantha L. Savitch, Tyler R. Grenda, Misung Yi, Brian Till, Shale Mack, Charles Huang, Julie A. Barta, Nathaniel R. Evans, Olugbenga T. Okusanya
Summary: The study found that in early-stage NSCLC surgical treatment, the surgery rate was higher for White patients than Black patients, and the racial gap narrowed in most facilities. However, in some regions and facility types, the disparity actually widened, especially in facilities with lower patient volume.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Michael R. Poulson, Brendin R. Beaulieu-Jones, Kelly M. Kenzik, Tracey A. Dechert, Naomi Y. Ko, Teviah E. Sachs, Michael R. Cassidy
Summary: Analyzing data from 2005 to 2015, the study found that Black patients have a higher risk of presenting at advanced stage, receiving surgery for localized disease, and decreased survival rate compared to White patients as segregation increases. These results highlight the significant association between residential racial segregation and Black-White disparities in breast cancer outcomes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hasan Nadeem, John A. Romley, Shaneda Warren Andersen
Summary: Racial disparities in breast cancer treatment contribute to Black women having the worst breast cancer survival rates in the U.S. Our study found that from 2008-2010, Black women had a lower receipt of optimal locoregional treatment (OLT) compared to White women. However, from 2010-2011, there was an increase in OLT for Black women, particularly in the receipt of radiation therapy following breast-conserving surgery.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xin Hu, Mark S. Walker, Edward Stepanski, Cameron M. Kaplan, Michelle Y. Martin, Gregory A. Vidal, Lee S. Schwartzberg, Ilana Graetz
Summary: This study investigates the association between symptom burden and adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET) among Black and White women with breast cancer. The findings show that severe symptoms are associated with lower AET adherence, and Black women have lower adherence rates due to their higher symptom burden and baseline characteristics. Better symptom management, particularly focusing on psychological symptoms, could improve AET adherence and reduce racial disparities in cancer outcomes.
Article
Oncology
Harold J. Burstein
Summary: Despite progress in outcomes for early stage breast cancer, challenges remain in accounting for tumor heterogeneity, improving treatments for subsets with limited effectiveness, developing biomarkers, and enhancing patient experience and supportive care. The scale of clinical research has become enormous, and there is a global need to ensure access to screening and treatment.
Article
Oncology
Akshita Khosla, Devashish Desai, Sachi Singhal, Aanchal Sawhney, Rashmika Potdar
Summary: Breast cancer is the second most diagnosed cancer among American women, affecting 1 in 8 women. There is a lack of research on regional differences in breast cancer mortality by race in the US. It is critical to identify regions and races that need improved access to breast cancer care.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Brendan T. Heiden, Daniel B. Eaton, Su-Hsin Chang, Yan Yan, Ana A. Baumann, Martin W. Schoen, Mayank R. Patel, Daniel Kreisel, Ruben G. Nava, Bryan F. Meyers, Benjamin D. Kozower, Varun Puri
Summary: This retrospective cohort study evaluated early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) outcomes following surgical treatment in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and found that Black veterans received comparable care with equivalent if not superior outcomes compared with White veterans.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Caitlin E. Taylor, Jane Lowe Meisel
Summary: The study emphasizes the importance of recognizing racial disparities in obesity trends and the need to address comorbidities early in breast cancer management for patients of all racial and ethnic backgrounds.
Article
Oncology
Nicole C. Lorona, Kathleen E. Malone, Christopher I. Li
Summary: This study found significant disparities in breast cancer-specific mortality across different racial/ethnic groups, with young Black women having higher risks in multiple subtypes and stages of breast cancer, while Asian/Pacific Islander women generally had lower risks. Efforts to address survival disparities should focus on young Black women.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Xiaoliang Wang, Cheryl D. Cho-Phan, Kent F. Hoskins, Gregory S. Calip
Summary: Multigene prognostic testing, such as Oncotype DX, has been increasingly used in treatment decisions for early-stage breast cancer. However, there are concerns about differential access to genomic testing across racial and ethnic groups. This study shows that patients of color were less likely to receive ODX testing and Black patients were more likely to have a high risk Recurrence Score compared to White patients. The findings emphasize the importance of appropriate adoption of ODX testing in promoting equitable cancer care for patients with breast cancer.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shuhan Wang, Weifang Tang, Shengying Wang, Shikai Hong, Jianjun Liu
Summary: This study examines the survival disparities among breast cancer patients of different races after surgery and finds that minority groups have lower survival benefits compared to white individuals, regardless of tumor characteristics and surgery types.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fangyuan Zhao, Minoru Miyashita, Masaya Hattori, Toshio Yoshimatsu, Frederick Howard, Kristiyana Kaneva, Ryan Jones, Joshua S. K. Bell, Gini F. Fleming, Nora Jaskowiak, Rita Nanda, Yonglan Zheng, Dezheng Huo, Olufunmilayo I. Olopade
Summary: This study investigated racial disparities in achieving pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients and identified factors contributing to these disparities. The study found that Black patients had lower odds of achieving pCR compared to White patients in the hormone receptor-negative/ERBB2+ subtype, and they were more likely to have MAPK pathway alterations, a potential mechanism of anti-ERBB2 therapy resistance. Additionally, significant differences in tumor mutational burden and somatic alterations in several genes were observed between primary and residual tumors.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Jennifer L. Rosenthal, Monica K. Lieng, James P. Marcin, Patrick S. Romano
Summary: The study found that early discharges and potentially avoidable transfers (PATs) are relatively common among transferred pediatric patients. Further research is needed to identify the causes and clinical impacts of PATs, with a focus on direct admissions due to the high frequency of PATs in both the pediatric ICU and non-ICU.
PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY CARE
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Rachel R. Kelz, Morgan M. Sellers, Bijan A. Niknam, James E. Sharpe, Paul R. Rosenbaum, Alexander S. Hill, Hong Zhou, Lauren L. Hochman, Karl Y. Bilimoria, Kamal Itani, Patrick S. Romano, Jeffrey H. Silber
Summary: The majority of differences in outcomes between new and experienced surgeons among Medicare beneficiaries are related to the context in which care is delivered and patient complexity rather than new surgeon inexperience. New surgeons' patients were older, had more emergency admissions, and had a higher baseline 30-day mortality rate, but after matching on operation type, emergency admission status, and patient complexity, the difference in 30-day mortality between new and experienced surgeons' patients became indistinguishable.
Article
Surgery
Lisa M. Brown, Dylan P. Thibault, Andrzej S. Kosinski, David T. Cooke, Mark W. Onaitis, Henning A. Gaissert, Patrick S. Romano
Summary: This study aimed to identify predictors of hospital readmission for patients undergoing lobectomy for lung cancer. The main finding was that postoperative complications, particularly pulmonary embolus and empyema, had the greatest impact on readmission risk.
Article
Surgery
Rachel R. Kelz, Bijan A. Niknam, Morgan M. Sellers, James E. Sharpe, Paul R. Rosenbaum, Alexander S. Hill, Hong Zhou, Lauren L. Hochman, Karl Y. Bilimoria, Kamal Itani, Patrick S. Romano, Jeffrey H. Silber
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sarah C. Haynes, Daniel J. Tancredi, Kathleen Tong, Jeffrey S. Hoch, Michael K. Ong, Theodore G. Ganiats, Lorraine S. Evangelista, Jeanne T. Black, Andrew Auerbach, Patrick S. Romano
Summary: Hospital readmissions have been shown to decrease patient adherence to daily weight telemonitoring by nearly 20%. Therefore, providers using telemonitoring for heart failure management should capitalize on the teachable moment during hospitalization to reinforce the importance of adherence.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR NURSING
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Eduard A. Poltavskiy, Susan H. Fenton, Oluseun Atolagbe, Banafsheh Sadeghi, Heejung Bang, Patrick S. Romano
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's new external cause of injury matrix for ICD-10-CM and found that switching from ICD-9-CM to ICD-10-CM may impact injury surveillance and research, especially for certain mechanisms/causes.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sarah C. Haynes, Kristin R. Hoffman, Sonal Patel, Stanley Smith, Patrick S. Romano, James P. Marcin
Summary: The study found that there was no significant difference in stabilization time between telemedicine and telephone consultations for newborns transferred from rural hospitals to a regional neonatal intensive care unit. However, telemedicine may be beneficial for infants with more severe illness, particularly those experiencing respiratory distress. Future research should explore the impact of telemedicine on specific interventions.
TELEMEDICINE AND E-HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Monica K. Lieng, James P. Marcin, Parul Dayal, Daniel J. Tancredi, Morgan B. Swanson, Sarah C. Haynes, Patrick S. Romano, Ilana S. Sigal, Jennifer L. Rosenthal
Summary: The study found an association between pediatric readiness in emergency departments and the occurrence of potentially avoidable transfers (PATs). Certain components of pediatric readiness were identified as modifiable risk factors that can help reduce PATs. Higher pediatric readiness scores were linked to lower odds of PATs in both injured and noninjured children.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Monica K. Lieng, James P. Marcin, Ilana S. Sigal, Sarah C. Haynes, Parul Dayal, Daniel J. Tancredi, Marianne Gausche-Hill, Jamie L. Mouzoon, Patrick S. Romano, Jennifer L. Rosenthal
Summary: Emergency departments with high pediatric readiness scores in small rural hospitals may have lower odds of interfacility transfer for noninjured children. Further research is recommended to investigate other pediatric outcomes in relation to hospital emergency department pediatric readiness.
JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Jacqueline C. Stocking, Christiana Drake, J. Matthew Aldrich, Michael K. Ong, Alpesh Amin, Rebecca A. Marmor, Laura Godat, Maxime Cannesson, Michael A. Gropper, Patrick S. Romano, Garth H. Utter
Summary: The study found that increased intraoperative ventilator volume and pressure, as well as greater 24-hour fluid balance, may be modifiable factors associated with early postoperative respiratory failure.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Patricia A. Zrelak, Garth H. Utter, Kathryn M. McDonald, Robert L. Houchens, Sheryl M. Davies, Halcyon G. Skinner, Pamela L. Owens, Patrick S. Romano
Summary: This study successfully reweighted the Patient Safety Indicator Composite (PSI 90) by incorporating excess harm, resulting in a more clinically meaningful distribution of component weights. The reweighted PSI 90 showed satisfactory reliability and discrimination, demonstrating the feasibility of using harm-based weights in patient safety evaluations.
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Jacqueline C. Stocking, Christiana Drake, J. Matthew Aldrich, Michael K. Ong, Alpesh Amin, Rebecca A. Marmor, Laura Godat, Maxime Cannesson, Michael A. Gropper, Patrick S. Romano, Christian Sandrock, Christian Bime, Ivo Abraham, Garth H. Utter
Summary: This retrospective study investigated late postoperative respiratory failure (L-PRF) occurring six or more days after elective surgery. It found that pre-existing neurologic disease, longer anesthesia duration, and higher maximum intraoperative peak inspiratory pressures were associated with L-PRF, leading to higher morbidity and mortality, longer hospital and ICU stay, and increased costs. These factors may be targets for future interventions.
BMC ANESTHESIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Jennifer L. Rosenthal, Anthony D. Albano, Daniel J. Tancredi, Susan L. Perez, Heather M. Young, Patrick S. Romano
Summary: The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate a caregiver-reported survey for assessing family-centeredness of care in pediatric emergency departments. The survey showed strong item performance, reliability, and convergent validity, and can be used for research and quality improvement purposes in the emergency department.
ACADEMIC PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Review
Medical Informatics
Danielle A. Southern, James E. Harrison, Patrick S. Romano, Marie-Annick Le Pogam, Harold A. Pincus, William A. Ghali
Summary: ICD-11 provides a new way to capture healthcare-related harm or injury by employing a three-part model that describes the healthcare-related events, including the activity causing injury or harm, the mode or mechanism of injury or harm, and the harmful consequences to the patient. This model allows for a single coded expression that links concepts from these three elements. It is a notable example of the novel features in ICD-11.
BMC MEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DECISION MAKING
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Eduard Poltavskiy, Amir Alishahi Tabriz, Patrick S. Romano, Heejung Bang, Abhijit Kshirsagar