Article
Environmental Sciences
Paul M. Bradley, Ingrid Y. Padilla, Kristin M. Romanok, Kelly L. Smalling, Michael J. Focazio, Sara E. Breitmeyer, Mary C. Cardon, Justin M. Conley, Nicola Evans, Carrie E. Givens, James L. Gray, L. Earl Gray, Phillip C. Hartig, Christopher P. Higgins, Michelle L. Hladik, Luke R. Iwanowicz, Rachael F. Lane, Keith A. Loftin, R. Blaine McCleskey, Carrie A. McDonough, Elizabeth Medlock-Kakaley, Shannon Meppelink, Christopher P. Weis, Vickie S. Wilson
Summary: A pilot-scale expanded target assessment of mixtures of inorganic and organic contaminants in point-of-consumption drinking water was conducted in Puerto Rico. The study found elevated concentrations of inorganic contaminants, disinfection byproducts, and to a lesser extent per/polyfluoroalkyl substances and phthalates in tap water, supporting further investigation of potential cumulative risks to vulnerable populations in Puerto Rico. The importance of continued broad characterization of drinking-water exposures at the tap with analytical capabilities that better represent the complexity of both inorganic and organic contaminant mixtures known to occur in ambient source waters was emphasized.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Meghan T. Lynch, Claire R. Lay, Sara Sokolinski, Adriana Antezana, Carleen Ghio, Weihsueh A. Chiu, Rachel Rogers
Summary: This study developed toxicokinetic models to estimate the potential body burden from drinking water contaminated by PFAS, which could be useful for public health assessment. The models simulated exposure to PFAS water concentrations in individuals with different characteristics and produced Monte Carlo-based estimates of serum concentration. The models accurately estimated serum levels for most adults within 1/2 order of magnitude, but somewhat overestimated concentrations for children, generally within an order of magnitude.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dongwon Cha, Sanghun Park, Min Sik Kim, Taewan Kim, Seok Won Hong, Kyung Hwa Cho, Changha Lee
Summary: This study demonstrates machine learning models based on the random forest algorithm for predicting the abatement of micropollutants during ozonation processes. The models use input variables such as pH, alkalinity, dissolved organic carbon concentration, and FEEM data, with high-resolution FEEM data showing higher prediction accuracy. Utilizing organic matter characteristics quantified by FEEM can improve the accuracy of the model in predicting oxidant exposures.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Weilin L. Shelver, Amy M. McGarvey, Lloyd O. Billey, Amrita Banerjee
Summary: Micro/nanoplastics (MP) are widely distributed environmental pollutants. This study investigated the absorption, distribution, and elimination of [C-14]-polystyrene (PS) MP in laying hens. The results showed that the absorption rate of polystyrene microparticles in hens was low, and most of the MP were excreted, indicating a low food safety risk.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2024)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Yuhao Li, Megan T. Baldridge
Summary: The range and diversity of microbial stimuli play a crucial role in regulating the host's ability to mount an immune response to challenges like vaccination. Therefore, optimizing exposure history is essential in rodent models.
NATURE MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Moustafa M. G. Fouda, Waleed M. Dosoky, Nagy S. Radwan, Nader R. Abdelsalam, Ayman E. Taha, Asmaa F. Khafaga
Summary: This study found that the supplementation of AgNPs up to 2 ppm in the drinking water of broiler chickens during the fattening period can effectively and safely improve growth performance and hematological parameters, but higher concentrations (3-5 ppm) may induce mild-to-moderate adverse effects on hematological, biochemical, and oxidative parameters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Md Bazlar Rashid, Md Abu Bakar Siddique, Rahat Khan, Md Ahosan Habib, Md Saiful Islam, Md Ahedul Akbor, A. J. M. Emdadul Haque, Md Rubel Sheik, Mohammad Alamgir Kabir, Md Nuruddin Sarker, Abubakr M. M. Idris
Summary: The coastal areas of Bangladesh have limited access to fresh drinking water due to high salinity and toxic elements. This study investigated the distribution of physicochemical parameters and chemical elements in drinking water, and found that toxic element concentrations exceeded guidelines. The research also revealed both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health risks for residents exposed to contaminated water.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kelly L. Smalling, Kristin M. Romanok, Paul M. Bradley, Mathew C. Morriss, James L. Gray, Leslie K. Kanagy, Stephanie E. Gordon, Brianna M. Williams, Sara E. Breitmeyer, Daniel K. Jones, Laura A. DeCicco, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, Tyler Wagner
Summary: Drinking-water quality, specifically the presence of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), is a rising concern in the United States. This study conducted a national reconnaissance to compare PFAS exposures in unregulated private-well tapwater and regulated public-supply tapwater. The results showed that PFAS profiles and median cumulative concentrations were similar between private wells and public-supply tapwater. The study highlights the need for further assessments of PFAS health risks and the importance of considering co-occurring contaminants, particularly in unmonitored private wells.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Caroline M. Jankowski, Lauren A. Gustafson, Kristofer P. Isaacson, Katie R. Del Real, Yoorae Noh, Aliya B. Ehde, Madeline B. Larsen, Kyungyeon Ra, Maria A. Palmegiani, Catherine E. Fleming, William J. Schmidt, Amisha D. Shah, Caitlin R. Proctor, Andrew J. Whelton
Summary: The impact of new ion exchange point-of-entry residential softeners on water quality, as well as their ability to be decontaminated after hydrocarbon exposure, was studied. The release of total sulfur and total organic carbon into the drinking water during startup was significant. Softeners continued to cause high organic carbon levels even after one week of use. Leached materials from the resin contributed to chlorine decay and sorbed and desorbed contaminants. The study suggests that softeners exposed to hydrocarbon-contaminated water may require flushing or replacement.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Marco Gabrielli, Zihan Dai, Vincent Delafont, Peer H. A. Timmers, Paul W. J. J. Van der Wielen, Manuela Antonelli, Ameet J. Pinto
Summary: The biogeography of eukaryotes in drinking water systems is poorly understood. This study explored the factors affecting the abundance and diversity of eukaryotic communities in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) using metagenomic analysis. The results showed that disinfection strategies, climate conditions, and source water types influenced the presence and abundance of eukaryotes in DWDSs.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maocai Shen, Zhuotong Zeng, Xiaofeng Wen, Xiaoya Ren, Guangming Zeng, Yaxin Zhang, Rong Xiao
Summary: The study investigated the abundance of microplastics in freshwater, treated water, and household tap water, finding that microplastics in tap water were related to materials of transportation pipelines in the drinking-water supply chain. This study provides evidence for the presence of microplastics in drinking water and may inform strategies for microplastic removal during drinking water treatment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Shuduo Zhou, Wenjing Li, Jun Wan, Yixuan Fu, Hongye Lu, Na Li, Xu Zhang, Yan Si, Xing Wang, Xiping Feng, Baojun Tai, Deyu Hu, Huancai Lin, Bo Wang, Chunxiao Wang, Shuguo Zheng, Xuenan Liu, Wensheng Rong, Weijian Wang, Xuliang Deng, Zhenyu Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the association between essential trace heavy metals in tap water and periodontitis in a nationally representative sample in China. The study found that exposure to essential trace heavy metals in drinking water was associated with a higher risk of periodontitis. Furthermore, the risk associated with increasing concentrations of iron, manganese, and copper showed a nonlinear dose-response relationship.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jessica J. Goddard, Isha Ray, Carolina Balazs
Summary: The study identifies key dimensions of water affordability measures, develops affordability ratios, and analyzes results to find that water is relatively affordable for median income households in California, but there is high unaffordability for households in poverty in many water systems.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joan Dalmau-Soler, Ruben Ballesteros-Cano, Ma Rosa Boleda, Miquel Paraira, Nuria Ferrer, Silvia Lacorte
Summary: This study examined the presence of microplastics in the Llobregat river basin in Catalonia, Spain, and their removal efficiency in the drinking water treatment plant (DWTP). Sand filtration was identified as the key stage in microplastic removal, with ultrafiltration/reverse osmosis proving more effective for removal than ozonation/carbon filtration. Preliminary migration tests were also conducted to identify potential sources of microplastics in each treatment step.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lars-Olav Harnisch, Juergen Brockmoeller, Anne Hapke, Juliane Sindern, Ellen Bruns, Ruben Evertz, Karl Toischer, Bernhard C. Danner, Dorothee Mielke, Veit Rohde, Tammam Abboud, Noriko Daneshtalab, Reza Tabrizchi
Summary: This study analyzed drug absorption and metabolism in critically ill cardiac patients and found that gastrointestinal drug absorption is significantly reduced compared to patients with stable cardiovascular disease. The decrease in bioavailability suggests that vital medications should be administered intravenously to maintain high levels. Furthermore, hepatic metabolism via the CYP3A4 enzyme may be reduced after shock.