Article
Polymer Science
Jonas Neijhoft, Dirk Henrich, Andreas Kammerer, Maren Janko, Johannes Frank, Ingo Marzi
Summary: Three-dimensional printing, particularly fused filament fabrication (FFF), has great potential in (bio-)medical applications, but the challenge lies in the sterilization of the printed parts. This study examines the feasibility of autoclaving as a solution for FFF-printed parts and explores the possibility of inherent sterilization through the printing process itself. The research demonstrates that autoclaving can effectively sterilize parts with diameters ranging from 5-10 mm, but finer parts experience significant deformations. In such cases, the printer itself can be considered for inherent sterilization, as it applies heat at higher levels than autoclaving during the printing process.
Article
Polymer Science
Owen James Harding, Christian Andrew Griffiths, Andrew Rees, Dimitrios Pletsas
Summary: This study investigates six methods to reduce energy and material consumption in Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D printing. The most effective modification for energy reduction is hot-end insulation, with savings of 33.8-30.63%, followed by sealed enclosure with an 18% power reduction. For material consumption, the most influential change is lightning infill, reducing it by 51%. Overall, these improvements provide solutions for a more sustainable manufacturing of 3D printed parts, with significant reductions in energy and material consumption.
Review
Polymer Science
Maurine Naliaka Andanje, James Wamai Mwangi, Bruno Roberts Mose, Sandro Carrara
Summary: There is a growing interest in developing biodegradable polymers to address the environmental impact of petroleum-based synthetic polymers. Bioplastics, derived from renewable resources, are identified as a potential alternative to conventional plastics. Additive manufacturing, or 3D printing, offers flexibility in material selection and can be used for manufacturing parts from bioplastics. However, challenges exist in printing biocomposites from plant biomass, such as warping and poor mechanical properties. This paper aims to review the technology of 3D printing using bioplastics and address the challenges faced in additive manufacturing with biocomposites.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
K. Harini Sri, Dhanraj Ganapathy, Deepak Nallasamy, Suresh Venugopalan, Vinay Sivaswamy, S. Manjunath Kamath
Summary: To promote bone regeneration, a three-dimensional porous scaffold with osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and osteogenic features was developed in this study. The scaffold consisted of a milliporous polylactic acid (PLA) scaffold 3D printed with a microporous polycaprolactone scaffold releasing resveratrol. Resveratrol-loaded albumin nanoparticles (RSV-Np), mixed with polycaprolactone and embedded into the PLA scaffold, showed successful release of resveratrol and enhanced osteogenic potential, suggesting their potential use in bone regeneration.
PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Warrayut Kanabenja, Kunanon Passarapark, Thanaporn Subchokpool, Nithiwach Nawaaukkaratharnant, Allen Jonathan Roman, Tim A. Osswald, Chuanchom Aumnate, Pranut Potiyaraj
Summary: This research focused on the fabrication of bio-composite filament for 3D printing by polymer blending. The results showed that adding plasticizer improved the processability and appropriate HA and PPG content contributed to enhanced flowability and mechanical properties of the bio-composite material.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Ngoc Mai Nguyen, Akesh Babu Kakarla, Satya Guha Nukala, Cin Kong, Avinash Baji, Ing Kong
Summary: There has been an increasing interest in the use of bioceramics, particularly calcium phosphate-based bioceramics, for biomedical applications. Hydroxyapatite (HA) has shown potential in hard tissue engineering applications, but traditional HA-based composites have limitations due to poor mechanobiology and biodegradability. Nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) has been explored as a solution to these limitations, and it has demonstrated promising results in enamel remineralization. Three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology has also attracted interest for creating personalized dental and hard tissue scaffolds. This study aimed to develop a hybrid polymer nanocomposite composed of nHA, nanoclay (NC), and polylactic acid (PLA) for 3DP applications.
Article
Polymer Science
Hossein Mahani, Mehdi Karevan, Mohsen Safavi
Summary: The study focuses on the formulation and fabrication of biodegradable nano-reinforced polymer blends for 3D printing. The findings show that molded specimens have better tensile and flexural behavior compared to printed specimens. Increasing nanoclay content improves the mechanical properties of the specimens regardless of the manufacturing method used. Nanoclay enhances thermal stability and reduces water absorption and biodegradability due to its barrier properties.
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Rezgar Hasanzadeh, Peyman Mihankhah, Taher Azdast, Asghar Rasouli, Mohadese Shamkhali, Chul B. Park
Summary: This article introduces the advantages and applications of 3D and 4D printing in fabricating tissue engineering scaffolds, with a focus on the potential of hydrogels in 4D printing scaffolds. Furthermore, the effects of 3D and 4D printing parameters on the mechanical, morphological, and biological properties of scaffolds are investigated.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Daniela Serien, Aiko Narazaki, Koji Sugioka
Summary: Femtosecond laser direct write (fs-LDW) is a promising technology for high-resolution, flexible, and versatile three-dimensional printing using protein solution as a precursor. The diverse proteins with different native functions enable various applications of this technology. However, the lack of understanding of the printing mechanism hampers the design and generation of 3D microstructures for biomedical applications. In this study, we used eight commercially available homopeptides as precursors and found that tyrosine, histidine, glutamic acid, and lysine contribute more to the fabrication process, indicating the involvement of ions in addition to the previously proposed radical mechanism. The findings suggest that the uneven electron density over larger amino acid molecules plays a significant role in aiding fs-LDW.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Francisco Medel, Victor Esteban, Javier Abad
Summary: In this study, laser-scanning vibrometry (LSV) was explored for evaluating the mechanical behavior of 3D printed parts. LSV proved to be effective in discriminating the mechanical behavior of specimens fabricated with different process parameters. Multivariate regression models identified significant influences of raster angle, build orientation, and nozzle temperature on the equivalent elastic modulus.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Abdullah H. Mohammed, Nikolina Kovacev, Amr Elshaer, Ammar A. Melaibari, Javed Iqbal, Hany Hassanin, Khamis Essa, Adnan Memic
Summary: Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) 3D printers have gained popularity in the pharmaceutical and biomedical industries. This study developed a new biomaterial filament, PLA/CPO, using wet solution mixing and extrusion. The filaments were characterized and the findings showed changes in viscosity, microstructure, and mechanical properties with varying CPO content. The PLA/CPO filament with 6% CPO showed acceptable surface morphology and strength, making it suitable for 3D printing applications such as bone scaffolds.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Wenzhao Wang, Jianlu Wei, Dong Lei, Suning Wang, Boqing Zhang, Shenghui Shang, Baoshuai Bai, Chenxi Zhao, Wencan Zhang, Changchun Zhou, Hengxing Zhou, Shiqing Feng
Summary: This study investigated the 3D printing of a composite scaffold made of polylactic acid (PLA), nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA), and lithium (Li) for bone tissue repair. The scaffold's degradation and mechanical properties were evaluated, and in vitro osteogenesis and vasculogenesis were observed. The optimal doping amount of lithium ions was determined, and in vivo studies showed that the PLA/n-HA/Li composite scaffold had good printability, biocompatibility, degradability, and osteogenic inducibility, making it applicable for personalized repair of large bone defects.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Nasir Narlioglu, Tufan Salan, Mehmet Hakki Alma
Summary: The study investigated the thermal, morphological, and mechanical properties of 3D printed PLA composites reinforced with waste pine sawdust. It was found that adding sawdust reduced the tensile strength values but significantly increased the flexural strength values of the composites. Therefore, waste pine sawdust can be a reasonable reinforcement material for high-quality 3D polymeric materials.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Martijn Schouten, Leon Abelmann, Gijs Krijnen
Summary: This work presents optical and inductive calibration procedures for calibrating multi-material fused filament fabrication 3D printers in the x and y directions. The inductive calibration method shows high repeatability, with an accuracy of approximately 45 μm. The optical calibration method is more time-consuming but provides a more accurate solution. Accurate tool offset calibration is expected to reduce the chance of poor material adhesion and filament mixing.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Antonio Dominguez-Alfaro, Elena Gabirondo, Nuria Alegret, Claudia Maria De Leon-Almazan, Robert Hernandez, Ainara Vallejo-Illarramendi, Maurizio Prato, David Mecerreyes
Summary: Tailor-made polymers are crucial for the development of additive manufacturing. Through synthesizing conducting and biocompatible graft copolymers, complex devices can be 3D printed with high resolution. The study demonstrates the successful use of PEDOT-g-PLA copolymers for printing conductive and biocompatible patterns.
MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Vygandas Rutkunas, Agne Gedrimiene, Nadin Al-Haj Husain, Justinas Pletkus, Dainius Barauskis, Darius Jegelevicius, Mutlu Ozcan
Summary: The effect of additional reference objects on the accuracy of different intraoral scanners for partially and completely edentulous patients was investigated. The results showed that the additional artificial landmark technique improved the trueness of all measured parameters in partially edentulous models. However, the effect of additional artificial landmarks on the accuracy of digital scans was limited in completely edentulous areas.
JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Vygandas Rutkunas, Julius Dirse, Daniel Kules, Tomas Simonaitis
Summary: This in vitro study aims to evaluate the tolerance of misfit levels in implant-supported screw-retained prostheses with different combinations of engaging and nonengaging titanium bases. The results demonstrate that as the simulated misfit levels increase, the vertical gap between the implant and abutment also increases. Horizontal misfits are less tolerated than vertical misfits and may be more damaging. Both nonengaging 2-implant-supported zirconia frameworks show better adaptation to different misfit levels, followed by engaging and nonengaging and both engaging frameworks.
JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Denver P. Linklater, Phuc H. Le, Arturo Aburto-Medina, Russell J. Crawford, Shane Maclaughlin, Saulius Juodkazis, Elena P. Ivanova
Summary: A biomimetic nanostructured surface inspired by dragonfly wings was developed, which exhibited antifungal and fungicidal properties by physically rupturing attaching fungal spores upon contact. The hydrophilic nature of the nanostructured surface was found to be crucial for its antifungal activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Optics
Shivasubramanian Gopinath, Praveen Periysamy Angamuthu, Tauno Kahro, Andrei Bleahu, Francis Gracy Arockiaraj, Daniel Smith, Soon Hock Ng, Saulius Juodkazis, Kaupo Kukli, Aile Tamm, Vijayakumar Anand
Summary: In this study, a large-area diffractive lens with three sub-aperture diffractive lenses was realized using a Golay-like configuration, which relaxes the fabrication constraints and improves the imaging resolution. The computational optical experiments demonstrated enhanced optical and computational imaging resolutions compared to previous studies.
Article
Optics
Yi-shi Xu, Zhen-ze Li, Zi-han Wang, Hong Xia, Yue-feng Liu, Saulius Juodkazis, Qi-dai Chen, Lei Wang
Summary: Femtosecond laser-induced deep-subwavelength structures have gained attention as a nanoscale surface texturization technique. Non-reciprocal writing via tailored optical far-field exposure is demonstrated, achieving continuous manipulation of ripple period on indium tin oxide (ITO) film. A full electromagnetic model is developed to explain the formation of ripples and the asymmetry of focal spot determines the non-reciprocity. This non-reciprocal writing technique offers new possibilities for precise and controllable nanoscale surface texturing.
Article
Optics
Yi-Shi Xu, Zhen-Ze Li, Hua Fan, Yue-Feng Liu, Hong Xia, Saulius Juodkazis, Qi-Dai Chen, Lei Wang
Summary: This study demonstrates the formation mechanism of laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) from a nanohole seed structure to high-spatial-frequency LIPSS using a tightly focused and rectangular-shaped laser beam with different shape-polarization orientations. A quantitative match between modeling and experiment is achieved by forming LIPSS based on light intensity distribution. The results reveal the step-like and deterministic process of LIPSS evolution and the dominant structural near-field enhancement on the ripple formation.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jovan Maksimovic, Haoran Mu, Molong Han, Daniel Smith, Tomas Katkus, Vijayakumar Anand, Yoshiaki Nishijima, Soon Hock Ng, Saulius Juodkazis
Summary: Ultra-short 230 fs laser pulses of 515 nm wavelength were focused to 700 nm spots on a Cr etch mask, creating similar to 400 nm nano-holes. The ablation threshold was found to be 2.3 nJ/pulse, and lower energies produced nano-disks while higher energies produced nano-rings. The controlled alloying of Si and Cr on large surface areas with sub-diffraction resolution was achieved using subtle sub-1 nJ pulse energy control.
Article
Polymer Science
Ahmed Al-Qatatsheh, Jaworski C. C. Capricho, Paolo Raiteri, Saulius Juodkazis, Nisa Salim, Nishar Hameed
Summary: The increasing demand for reliable and reproducible protocols in predicting the properties of novel materials, particularly rapidly cured epoxy resins with additives, has emphasized the power of computational modeling and simulation to establish links between intrinsic properties and atomic structure. This study introduces a novel computational modeling and simulation protocol for crosslinking rapidly cured epoxy resin thermosets using solvate ionic liquid (SIL). The protocol combines quantum mechanics (QMs) and molecular dynamics (MDs) approaches to provide a wide range of thermo-mechanical, chemical, and mechano-chemical properties that agree with experimental data.
Article
Optics
Amudhavel Jayavel, Shivasubramanian Gopinath, Praveen Periyasamy Angamuthu, Francis Gracy Arockiaraj, Andrei Bleahu, Agnes Pristy Ignatius Xavier, Daniel Smith, Molong Han, Ivan Slobozhan, Soon Hock Ng, Tomas Katkus, Aravind Simon John Francis Rajeswary, Rajesh Sharma, Saulius Juodkazis, Vijayakumar Anand
Summary: Pattern recognition techniques are essential for incoherent linear shift-invariant systems. The point spread function (PSF) samples object information in a camera system, which can be used for deblurring the object image. Deep learning-based image classification for computer vision applications has gained attention, and the quality of images plays a crucial role in classification accuracy. In this study, the Lucy-Richardson-Rosen algorithm (LR(2)A) was implemented to deblur images recorded with spatio-spectral aberrations, and it showed superior performance compared to other techniques. The LR(2)A was also applied to improve the image classification performances of deep convolutional neural networks.
Article
Optics
Daniel Smith, Soon Hock Ng, Amanda Tang, Tomas Katkus, Daniel Moraru, Saulius Juodkazis
Summary: Ultra-short laser pulses were used to laser ablate the surface of crystalline sapphire at high intensity. Annealing at high temperature led to surface reconstruction and reduction of surface roughness. The 3D shape of a micro-lens was not altered after annealing.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Greta Merkininkaite, Darius Gailevicius, Laurynas Staisiunas, Egle Ezerskyte, Rokas Vargalis, Mangirdas Malinauskas, Simas Sakirzanovas
Summary: This paper proposes a combination of precursor synthesis, laser lithography, and pyrolysis to fabricate hard ceramic SiOC 3D microstructures. Precursors are hybrid organosilicon materials prepared using sol-gel method and enabled laser photopolymerization process. Hard ceramic structures with high hardness and reduced elastic modulus are obtained after high-temperature pyrolysis under nitrogen atmosphere. The advantages of this method include the absence of shrinkage defects, smooth surfaces, and improved printing resolution.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mykolas Akulauskas, Karolis Butkus, Vygandas Rutkunas, Tomas Blazauskas, Darius Jegelevicius
Summary: Augmented reality headsets can display real-time guidance instructions in dental surgery, improving patient-friendliness and efficiency.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Edvinas Skliutas, Danielius Samsonas, Arunas Ciburys, Lukas Kontenis, Darius Gailevicius, Jonas Berzins, Donatas Narbutas, Vytautas Jukna, Mikas Vengris, Saulius Juodkazis, Mangirdas Malinauskas
Summary: Multiphoton photopolymerisation (MPP), also known as 3D nanoprinting, was studied using a wavelength-tunable femtosecond laser. The influence of wavelength on the dynamic fabrication window (DFW) and the control over voxel aspect ratio were investigated. The results show that optimizing the wavelength can significantly improve the efficiency of 3D nanoprinting in various applications.
VIRTUAL AND PHYSICAL PROTOTYPING
(2023)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Ahmed Al-Qatatsheh, Saulius Juodkazis, Nishar Hameed
Summary: This article discusses the challenges faced by current semiconductors and superconductors and proposes the development of a new class of organic spintronics. By utilizing materials such as ionic liquids, liquid and soft crystals, and open-shell macroradicals, organic spintronics can provide safer, faster, low-power computing and extended spin-relaxation times.
ADVANCED QUANTUM TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Vygandas Rutkunas, Ieva Gendviliene, Liudas Auskalnis, Francesco Mangano, Stefan Zlatev, Vasilena Ivanova, Eitan Mijiritsky, Rokas Borusevicius
Summary: This in vitro study evaluated the accuracy of fully guided dynamic implant navigation surgery in Kennedy class I, II, and III dental arch defects, using two different implant designs. The study found that dynamic implant guidance provides accurate spacing, angulation, depth, and position of the implants. Factors such as the number of missing teeth and implant position influenced the accuracy of the procedure.
JOURNAL OF DENTISTRY
(2023)
