Article
Immunology
Kaja Nordengen, Bjorn-Eivind Kirsebom, Grit Richter, Lene Palhaugen, Berglind Gisladottir, Nikias Siafarikas, Arne Nakling, Arvid Rongve, Geir Brathen, Goril Rolfseng Grontvedt, Fernando Gonzalez, Knut Waterloo, Kulbhushan Sharma, Thomas Karikari, Eleonora M. Vromen, Betty M. Tijms, Pieter J. Visser, Per Selnes, Milicia G. Kramberger, Bengt Winblad, Kaj Blennow, Tormod Fladby
Summary: Brain innate immune activation is associated with Alzheimer's disease, with varying degrees of activation at different disease stages. In predementia AD, differences in immune activation levels and biomarker profiles may be related to amyloidosis and tau pathology. Changes in certain biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid may be linked to cognitive preservation or impairment in predementia AD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryann M. Fame, Peter N. Kalugin, Boryana Petrova, Huixin Xu, Paul A. Soden, Frederick B. Shipley, Neil Dani, Bradford Grant, Aja Pragana, Joshua P. Head, Suhasini Gupta, Morgan L. Shannon, Fortunate F. Chifamba, Hannah Hawks-Mayer, Amanda Vernon, Fan Gao, Yong Zhang, Michael J. Holtzman, Myriam Heiman, Mark L. Andermann, Naama Kanarek, Jonathan O. Lipton, Maria K. Lehtinen
Summary: In this study, a platform was developed to analyze diurnal variations in the choroid plexus and cerebrospinal fluid of male mice. The ribosome profiling of epithelial cells in the choroid plexus revealed diurnal differences in the translatome related to metabolism, secretion, and barrier components. The study also identified diurnal variations in secretion of transthyretin, which correlated with cerebrospinal fluid thyroid hormone levels.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susanne Klaus, Carla Igual Gil, Mario Ost
Summary: The mammalian system of energy balance regulation is intrinsically rhythmic, driven by cellular circadian clocks and synchronized by external or internal cues. Mitochondria play a crucial role in energy generation and may influence the circadian system through endocrine-acting molecules. FGF21 and GDF15 are endocrine-acting metabolic mediators that show diurnal oscillations and impact brain master clock and systemic metabolism. More research is needed to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying energy balance regulation by mitokines and their role in health and disease.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Claire Bridel, Charisse Somers, Anne Sieben, Annemieke Rozemuller, Ellis Niemantsverdriet, Hanne Struyfs, Yannick Vermeiren, Christine Van Broeckhoven, Peter P. De Deyn, Maria Bjerke, Guy Nagels, Charlotte E. Teunissen, Sebastiaan Engelborghs
Summary: This study examines the relationship between neuropathology and CSF biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease patients, finding that the associations are stronger and more significant with longer intervals between lumbar puncture and death. This suggests that CSF biomarkers may not be well suited for monitoring neuropathological changes at later disease stages.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Le Gjerum, Birgitte Bo Andersen, Marie Bruun, Anja Hviid Simonsen, Otto Molby Henriksen, Ian Law, Steen Gregers Hasselbalch, Kristian Steen Frederiksen
Summary: The study found that cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers have a higher clinical value in supporting the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease compared to 2-[F-18]FDG-PET, affecting diagnostic confidence and the need for ancillary investigations significantly.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ioanna Tsantzali, Aikaterini Foska, Eleni Sideri, Evdokia Routsi, Effrosyni Tsomaka, Dimitrios K. Kitsos, Christina Zompola, Anastasios Bonakis, Sotirios Giannopoulos, Konstantinos I. Voumvourakis, Georgios Tsivgoulis, George P. Paraskevas
Summary: CSF biomarkers are the gold standard for AD diagnosis, but plasma biomarkers may provide an alternative method with comparable accuracy and the advantage of avoiding lumbar puncture.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Chengjie Xiong, Jingqin Luo, Suzanne E. Schindler, Anne M. Fagan, Tammie Benzinger, Jason Hassenstab, Joyce E. Balls-Berry, Folasade Agboola, Elizabeth Grant, Krista L. Moulder, John C. Morris
Summary: This study found racial differences in the longitudinal changes of Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, with slower deposition of amyloid and different patterns of change in cerebrospinal fluid amyloid beta (Aβ)42 between Blacks and Whites. Additionally, the increase in cerebrospinal fluid total tau and phosphorylated tau181 was lower in Blacks compared to Whites.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Juan Lantero-Rodriguez, Cecile Tissot, Anniina Snellman, Stijn Servaes, Andrea L. L. Benedet, Nesrine Rahmouni, Laia Montoliu-Gaya, Joseph Therriault, Wagner S. S. Brum, Jenna Stevenson, Firoza Z. Z. Lussier, Gleb Bezgin, Arthur C. C. Macedo, Mira Chamoun, Sulantha S. S. Mathotaarachi, Tharick A. A. Pascoal, Nicholas J. J. Ashton, Henrik Zetterberg, Pedro Rosa Neto, Kaj Blennow
Summary: This study evaluated the concentrations of N-terminal tau fragments (NTA-tau) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma using a novel immunoassay (NTA) in the TRIAD cohort. The results showed that CSF and plasma NTA-tau concentrations were specifically increased in cognitively impaired A beta-positive groups and displayed stronger correlations with tau positron emission tomography (PET) than with amyloid PET and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). NTA-tau has potential as a tau tangle biomarker in clinical settings and trials.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jason M. Doherty, Samantha A. Murphy, Sayeh Bayat, Julie K. Wisch, Ann M. Johnson, Alexis Walker, Suzanne E. Schindler, Beau M. Ances, John C. Morris, Ganesh M. Babulal
Summary: In this study, we investigated the relationship between preclinical Alzheimer's disease biomarkers and adverse driving behaviors using naturalistic driving data. It was found that cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers predicted the incidence of adverse driving behavior over time, and abnormal amyloid beta ratio was associated with an increase in such behaviors.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Brian D. Hitt, Jaime Vaquer-Alicea, Victor A. Manon, Joshua D. Beaver, Omar M. Kashmer, Jan N. Garcia, Marc I. Diamond
Summary: Tau protein forms self-replicating assemblies that may contribute to the progression of Alzheimer's disease and related conditions. Improved biosensor cell lines, such as the v2H cells, have been developed to detect tau seeding activity in cerebrospinal fluid with greater sensitivity. However, the findings of tau seeding in AD patients' CSF have not been widely replicated.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Telma Quintela, Andre Furtado, C. Ana Duarte, Isabel Goncalves, Jihwan Myung, R. A. Cecilia Santos
Summary: Recent studies have shown that choroid plexus epithelial cells possess a circadian clock system that may regulate various functions important for brain homeostasis. Functions such as cerebrospinal fluid secretion, clearance of amyloid-beta peptides and xenobiotics, and the barrier function of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier are all influenced by the circadian clock. This highlights the importance of considering circadian regulation for drug delivery to central nervous system disorders.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Cristina M. Pedrero-Prieto, Javier Frontinan-Rubio, Francisco J. Alcain, Mario Duran-Prado, Juan R. Peinado, Yoana Rabanal-Ruiz
Summary: CSF is considered the best target for biomarker discovery in neurodegenerative diseases due to its deep irrigation of the brain and ease of sample extraction. Discoveries of new proteins in CSF have identified important biomarkers related to AD, and deeper analysis of data from multiple proteomic studies may reveal disrupted components or metabolic pathways in AD.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hao Wang, Ling-Zhi Ma, Ze-Hu Sheng, Jia-Yao Liu, Wei-Yu Yuan, Fan Guo, Wei Zhang, Lan Tan
Summary: This study investigates the correlation between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) clusterin and Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, as well as its potential role in protecting cognitive abilities in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Antoine Leuzy, Nicholas C. Cullen, Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren, Oskar Hansson
Summary: Recent advances in CSF and blood-based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease lesions include the introduction of fully automated assays, certified reference materials for CSF A beta 42, and a unified protocol for sample handling. These developments support the reliability and availability of biomarkers, such as A beta, P-tau, and NfL, in both CSF and blood, with potential applications in clinical practice and trials.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qing-Hua Liu, Zi-Yi Wang, Jia-Wei Tang, Jing-Yi Mou, Zhang-Wen Ma, Bin Deng, Zhao Liu, Liang Wang
Summary: The study re-examined the diurnal alterations of liver glycogen structure using liver tissue transcriptome analysis, confirming the structural changes between fragile and stable glycogen particles during different times of the day. Differential expression of the gene ppp1r3g, encoding PPP1R3G with glycogen binding domain, was identified as a key factor in the structural alterations of glycogen alpha particles.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2022)
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Johan Gobom, Lucilla Parnetti, Pedro Rosa-Neto, Martin Vyhnalek, Serge Gauthier, Samuela Cataldi, Ondrej Lerch, Jan Laczo, Katerina Cechova, Marcus Clarin, Andrea Benet, Tharick A. Pascoal, Neserine Rahmouni, Manu Vandijck, Else Huyck, Nathalie Le Bastard, Jenna Stevenson, Mira Chamoun, Daniel Alcolea, Alberto Lleo, Ulf Andreasson, Marcel M. Verbeek, Giovanni Bellomo, Roberta Rinaldi, Nicholas Ashton, Henrik Zetterberg, Katerina Sheardova, Jakub Hort, Kaj Blennow
Summary: The study evaluated the LUMIPULSE G assays for core cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and established cutpoints for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis. Results showed strong correlation and reliable analytical performance of the LUMIPULSE G assays.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY AND LABORATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elena Di Sabatino, Lorenzo Gaetani, Silvia Sperandei, Andrea Fiacca, Giorgio Guercini, Lucilla Parnetti, Massimiliano Di Filippo
Summary: The impact of spinal cord MRI on the definition of NEDA in patients with MS was significant, leading to a slight but significant change in the proportion of subjects classified as clinically and radiologically stable.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Lucilla Parnetti, Federico Paolini Paoletti, Lorenzo Gaetani
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Nicola Tambasco, Pasquale Nigro, Andrea Chiappiniello, Federico Paolini Paoletti, Sara Scialpi, Simone Simoni, Pietro Chiarini, Lucilla Parnetti
Summary: Brain iron load is a significant factor in movement disorders, and its accumulation is related to basal ganglia degeneration. The current literature on the use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Brain Iron Detection and Quantification (MRI-BIDQ) in neurodegenerative processes underlying movement disorders is reviewed.
BEHAVIOURAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Giulia Menculini, Andrea Mancini, Lorenzo Gaetani, Laura Bellingacci, Alfonso Tortorella, Lucilla Parnetti, Massimiliano Di Filippo
Summary: Psychiatric symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS) are diverse, ranging from clear-cut psychiatric disorders to isolated psychopathological manifestations. These clinical features often go misdiagnosed, receive suboptimal treatment, and are not adequately assessed in disease activity quantification. Pathogenesis of psychiatric symptoms in MS involves emotional reactions to the disability caused by the disease as well as structural damage in the central nervous system. Biological perspective reveals that MS-related psychiatric manifestations are associated with synaptic and neural network dysfunction due to diffuse brain damage from inflammation and neurodegeneration.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Lucilla Parnetti, Giovanni Bellomo
Summary: Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an aggressive form of synucleinopathy, characterized by misfolded a-syn accumulations mainly in glial cells. Making a clinical diagnosis of MSA is challenging, even for experienced clinicians. Therefore, there is a need for reliable biomarkers to detect the presence and distinguish different synucleinopathies, as disease-modifying treatments are available for some.
Review
Cell Biology
Giorgia Manni, Sandra Buratta, Maria Teresa Pallotta, Davide Chiasserini, Alessandro Di Michele, Carla Emiliani, Stefano Giovagnoli, Luisa Pascucci, Rita Romani, Ilaria Bellezza, Lorena Urbanelli, Francesca Fallarino
Summary: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed particles secreted by cells and circulating in body fluids. They not only serve as a tool for waste disposal, but also transmit cell signals. Aging is characterized by genomic instability, telomere erosion, epigenetic alteration, and defective proteostasis. Studies have shown that EVs released in cell models are associated with these aging hallmarks and can spread senescence signals. Furthermore, EVs have great potential as anti-aging tools. Although this is a recent field, altered EV secretion in aging suggests it as an emerging hallmark of aging.
Article
Oncology
Kelechi Njoku, Andrew Pierce, Bethany Geary, Amy E. Campbell, Janet Kelsall, Rachel Reed, Alexander Armit, Rachel Da Sylva, Liqun Zhang, Heather Agnew, Ivona Baricevic-Jones, Davide Chiasserini, Anthony D. Whetton, Emma J. Crosbie
Summary: This study aimed to identify urine-based proteomic signatures that can differentiate endometrial cancer patients from symptomatic controls. Through mass spectrometry and machine learning techniques, a 10-marker protein panel was discovered that accurately detected endometrial cancer. This study provides a potential urine-based detection tool for non-invasive endometrial cancer detection.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Massimo Filippi, Giordano Cecchetti, Annachiara Cagnin, Camillo Marra, Flavio Nobili, Lucilla Parnetti, Federica Agosta
Summary: Currently, no disease-modifying therapies are available for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Europe. However, evidence from clinical trials suggests that anti-beta amyloid (Aβ) monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) may be authorized for marketing in the near future. A group of prominent AD clinical experts in Italy met to discuss patient selection and management strategies, recognizing the need for significant changes in dementia care to implement disease-modifying therapies. They emphasized the importance of a biological diagnosis using amyloid- and tau-related biomarkers, as well as specialized diagnostic work-up and exclusion criteria assessment by neurology specialists. The experts also proposed a reorganization of dementia and cognitive decline centers into three levels with defined tasks and requirements.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Claudia Cicognola, Niklas Mattsson-Carlgren, Danielle van Westen, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Sebastian Palmqvist, Khazar Ahmadi, Olof Strandberg, Erik Stomrud, Shorena Janelidze, Oskar Hansson
Summary: CSF PDGFRβ is associated with age-related blood-brain barrier dysfunction and neuroinflammation, but not with Alzheimer-related pathologies.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lorenzo Barba, Samir Abu-Rumeileh, Steffen Halbgebauer, Giovanni Bellomo, Federico Paolini Paoletti, Lorenzo Gaetani, Patrick Oeckl, Petra Steinacker, Federico Massa, Lucilla Parnetti, Markus Otto
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the correlation between CSF biomarkers and the presence of AD copathology in LBD patients and determine their usefulness in differentiating LBD patients with different AT(N) profiles. The results showed that CSF levels of synaptic and neuroaxonal damage biomarkers were significantly increased in AD patients compared to LBD patients and controls. Among LBD patients, those with A+T+ profiles had higher levels of biomarkers for synaptic and neuroaxonal degeneration compared to those with A-T- profiles.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Lucilla Parnetti, Giovanni Bellomo
Summary: The biological definition of Parkinson's disease is still uncertain. Recent advances in fluid biomarkers have been made, but there are limitations in accurately capturing the multiple biological features of the disease.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Lucilla Parnetti, Giovanni Bellomo, Yaroslau Compta
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Silvia Paciotti, Anna Lidia Wojdala, Giovanni Bellomo, Andrea Toja, Elena Chipi, Sander R. R. Piersma, Thang V. V. Pham, Lorenzo Gaetani, Connie R. R. Jimenez, Lucilla Parnetti, Davide Chiasserini
Summary: This study aimed to validate the potential value of four metabolism-related proteins (PKM, ALDO, UCHL1 and FABP3) as new cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and their involvement in AD pathogenesis. The results showed that CSF levels of UCHL1 and FABP3, as well as PKM activity, were significantly increased in AD patients, even at the preclinical stage. UCHL1 and FABP3 showed good performance in discriminating early AD patients from controls, while PKM provided the best performance in distinguishing between frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Elena Chipi, Daniela Fruttini, Nicola Salvadori, Chiara Montanucci, Elisa Siena, Giulia Menculini, Claudia Mazzeschi, Lucilla Parnetti
Summary: This study assessed the impact of age, education, and gender on RBANS subtests, indexes, and total scores in a larger sample of older adults. The obtained normative data showed good concordance with the original norms and suggested that RBANS is not significantly affected by education. The development of a free-to-use Excel spreadsheet to calculate percentiles for individual scores could make RBANS a more precise measure for detecting subtle cognitive deficits in prevention studies.
ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
