Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vasile Valeriu Lupu, Cristina Mihaela Ghiciuc, Gabriela Stefanescu, Cristina Maria Mihai, Alina Popp, Maria Oana Sasaran, Laura Bozomitu, Iuliana Magdalena Starcea, Anca Adam Raileanu, Ancuta Lupu
Summary: Post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) is a specific type of IBS that occurs after an acute episode of infectious gastroenteritis. It is caused by changes in gut microbiota and can lead to disruptions in gut-brain axis and persistent low inflammation. There is currently no specific treatment for PI-IBS, but microbial modulation strategies show promise in relieving symptoms. However, more research is needed to determine the efficacy and safety of targeted therapy in PI-IBS patients.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanni Marasco, Cesare Cremon, Maria Raffaella Barbaro, Giulia Cacciari, Francesca Falangone, Anna Kagramanova, Dmitry Bordin, Vasile Drug, Egidia Miftode, Pietro Fusaroli, Salem Youssef Mohamed, Chiara Ricci, Massimo Bellini, Mohammed Masudur Rahman, Luigi Melcarne, Javier Santos, Beatriz Lobo, Serhat Bor, Suna Yapali, Deniz Akyol, Ferdane Pirincci Sapmaz, Yonca Yilmaz Urun, Tugce Eskazan, Altay Celebi, Huseyin Kacmaz, Berat Ebik, Hatice Cilem Binicier, Mehmet Sait Bugdayci, Munkhtsetseg Banzragch Yagci, Husnu Pullukcu, Berrin Yalinbas Kaya, Ali Tureyen, Ibrahim Hatemi, Elif Sitre Koc, Goktug Sirin, Ali Riza Caliskan, Goksel Bengi, Esra Ergun Alis, Snezana Lukic, Meri Trajkovska, Keren Hod, Dan Dumitrascu, Antonello Pietrangelo, Elena Corradini, Magnus Simren, Jessica Sjoelund, Navkiran Tornkvist, Uday C. Ghoshal, Olga Kolokolnikova, Antonio Colecchia, Jordi Serra, Giovanni Maconi, Roberto De Giorgio, Silvio Danese, Piero Portincasa, Antonio Di Sabatino, Marcello Maggio, Elena Philippou, Yeong Yeh Lee, Daniele Salvi, Alessandro Venturi, Claudio Borghi, Marco Zoli, Paolo Gionchetti, Pierluigi Viale, Vincenzo Stanghellini, Giovanni Barbara
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and post-COVID-19 disorders of gut-brain interaction among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that patients with COVID-19 had higher rates of gastrointestinal symptoms on hospital admission and lower rates of constipation and hard stools at 12 months post-infection compared to the control group. Additionally, the rate of irritable bowel syndrome was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 than in controls.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vivek C. Goodoory, Cho E. Ng, Christopher J. Black, Alexander C. Ford
Summary: This study compared the characteristics of individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) reporting faecal incontinence (FI) with those who do not report FI. The results showed that individuals with FI were older, more likely to have IBS-D, had lower education levels and incomes, reported more urgency and more severe IBS and psychological symptoms, had lower quality of life scores, and higher healthcare costs.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Margaret Breen-Lyles, Marijke Decuir, Anjali Byale, Kirk Smith, Madhusudan Grover
Summary: This study used Rome IV criteria to investigate the prevalence of post-infection IBS (PI-IBS) in laboratory-confirmed C. jejuni infection cases. It found a lower prevalence but greater severity of PI-IBS compared to Rome III criteria, with the diarrhea subtype being the most common.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Michael Camilleri, Guy Boeckxstaens
Summary: This article evaluates the evidence that targeted pathophysiological mechanisms and customized treatments can be an alternative approach to treating patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The authors conducted a literature review on the mechanisms and treatments of IBS, identifying various noninvasive clinical tests that can assess the underlying mechanisms responsible for symptom generation. These mechanisms include rectal evacuation disorders, abnormal transit, visceral hypersensitivity or hypervigilance, bile acid diarrhea, sugar intolerances, barrier dysfunction, the microbiome, immune activation, and chemicals released by these mechanisms. The authors also recognized the basic molecular mechanisms contributing to these pathophysiologies, offering opportunities for interventions with medications targeted at specific food components, receptors, and potentially the microbiome. Although the evidence supporting interventions for each mechanism varies, the current state-of-the-art allows for a shift from symptom-based treatment to individualized treatment guided by pathophysiology and clinically identified biomarkers.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Antonio Berumen, Ryan Lennon, Margaret Breen-Lyles, Jayne Griffith, Robin Patel, David Boxrud, Marijke Decuir, Gianrico Farrugia, Kirk Smith, Madhusudan Grover
Summary: The study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of postinfection irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS) in patients with Campylobacter infection, finding that factors such as female sex, younger age, bloody stools, abdominal cramps, and hospitalization during acute enteritis were associated with the development of PI-IBS.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luis Alberto Sanchez-Vargas, Karina Guadalupe Hernandez-Flores, Francisco Javier Cabrera-Jorge, Jose Maria Remes-Troche, Job Reyes-Huerta, Hector Vivanco-Cid
Summary: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by dietary gluten, while irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder affecting the large intestine. Research reveals a higher prevalence of IgA antibodies to maize zeins (AZA) in newly diagnosed CD patients compared to IBS patients, indicating a biased immune response to gliadin-related prolamins in genetically susceptible individuals.
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Weixin Yang, Xiao Yang, Xianghao Cai, Zhuoren Zhou, Huan Yao, Xingrong Song, Tianyun Zhao, Peng Xiong
Summary: This study aimed to examine the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and its associated factors among Chinese university students. The meta-analysis included 22 cross-sectional studies with a total of 33,166 Chinese university students. The pooled prevalence of IBS was estimated to be 11.89%. Factors such as region, gender, major, anxiety and depression symptoms, and drinking and smoking behaviors were found to be significantly associated with the prevalence of IBS.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mihaela Fadgyas Stanculete, Abdulrahman Ismaiel, Stefan-Lucian Popa, Octavia Oana Capatina
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder characterized by altered gut-brain interaction and dysfunction of the brain-gut-microbiota axis. Prior studies have shown significant impairments in the health-related quality of life of patients with IBS. Resilience, as a psychosocial ability, plays a crucial role in promoting health and enhancing stress response.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zahid Ijaz Tarar, Umer Farooq, Ahmad Nawaz, Mustafa Gandhi, Yezaz A. Ghouri, Asmeen Bhatt, Brooks D. Cash
Summary: The study found a significant correlation between IBS and fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), with higher prevalence rates in IBS patients compared to the general adult population without IBS. Different subtypes of IBS, age, gender, and race were identified as predictors for increased odds of fibromyalgia and CFS.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Leila Ganji, Mohammad Hassan Shirazi, Nasser Ebrahimi-Daryani, Parisa Eslami, Mohammad Rahbar, Mohammad Reza Zali, Masoud Alebouyeh
Summary: This study found a higher frequency of CdtB encoding bacteria in patients with gastroenteritis and IBS compared to healthy individuals. Infection with Salmonella and Campylobacter bacteria carrying CdtB may be a risk factor for the development or progression of IBS among Iranian patients. Further research is necessary to confirm this association.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Juan J. Sebastian Domingo
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome is a common functional bowel disorder with significant impact on patients' daily lives and society's economy. It is characterized by abdominal pain, bloating, and altered bowel movements, and its etiology and pathophysiological mechanism are still unknown.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sholpan Omarova, Karem Awad, Verena Moos, Christoph Puening, Greta Goelz, Jorg-Dieter Schulzke, Roland Buecker
Summary: This study observed patients with persistent PI-IBS symptoms after C. jejuni infection and found that the epithelial resistance of the colon epithelium was unaltered, but the permeability of HRP increased and some inflammation-related markers were elevated. Therefore, targeting these mechanisms caused by the infection may help reduce sequelae such as PI-IBS.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Das, E. O'Herlihy, F. Shanahan, P. W. O'Toole, I. B. Jeffery
Summary: Alterations in the gut mycobiome were found to be significantly different between patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and control subjects, but not among clinical subtypes of IBS. The mycobiome changes were significantly associated with alterations in the bacteriome and metabolome, but did not show a link with dietary habits. Despite co-variation with bacterial components, the mycobiome presents limited therapeutic and diagnostic potential for IBS.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Qi Su, Hein M. Tun, Qin Liu, Yun Kit Yeoh, Joyce Wing Yan Mak, Francis K. L. Chan, Siew C. Ng
Summary: This study examined the association between gut microbiota and Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) subtypes, and found that there are distinct differences in microbiota composition among different IBS subtypes. The microbial diversity is significantly reduced in IBS-D and IBS-U, but not in IBS-C. The study also identified microbial signatures associated with depression in IBS patients. Factors such as gender, age, and dietary patterns have significant effects on gut microbiota in different IBS subtypes. These findings emphasize the importance of personalized gut microbiome modulation approaches for optimal therapeutic effects in different subtypes of IBS.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Eric D. Shah, Sarah K. Ballou
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Elliot S. Coburn, Corey A. Siegel, Michael Winter, Eric D. Shah
Summary: HLH is rare among IBD patients treated with biologics, with most cases having identifiable infection or malignancy at diagnosis and a history of immunomodulator use. Survival rate is 70%, with risk factors possibly including younger age, male gender, Crohn's disease, and treatment induction phase.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Eric D. Shah, Lin Chang, Jessica K. Salwen-Deremer, Peter R. Gibson, Laurie Keefer, Jane G. Muir, Shanti Eswaran, William D. Chey
Summary: From the perspective of insurers, it is cost-effective to implement routine and algorithmic prescription drug coverage restrictions that require patients to first fail low-cost behavioral, dietary, and off-label treatments. These findings suggest the importance of addressing insurance coverage and drug pricing to provide optimal care for patients with IBS.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Eric D. Shah, Jessica K. Salwen-Deremer, Peter R. Gibson, Jane G. Muir, Shanti Eswaran, William D. Chey
Summary: This study assessed the cost-benefit of treatments for IBS with diarrhea from insurer and patient perspectives, finding that prescription drugs and neuro-modulators were preferred by patients due to reduced lost wages and out-of-pocket costs. Costs were critical determinants of treatment value, with divergent cost drivers explaining misalignment between patient and insurer preferences.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
B. Joseph Elmunzer, Rebecca L. Spitzer, Lydia D. Foster, Ambreen A. Merchant, Eric F. Howard, Vaishali A. Patel, Mary K. West, Emad Qayed, Rosemary Nustas, Ali Zakaria, Marc S. Piper, Jason R. Taylor, Lujain Jaza, Nauzer Forbes, Millie Chau, Luis F. Lara, Georgios I. Papachristou, Michael L. Volk, Liam G. Hilson, Selena Zhou, Vladimir M. Kushnir, Alexandria M. Lenyo, Caroline G. McLeod, Sunil Amin, Gabriela N. Kuftinec, Dhiraj Yadav, Charlie Fox, Jennifer M. Kolb, Swati Pawa, Rishi Pawa, Andrew Canakis, Christopher Huang, Laith H. Jamil, Andrew M. Aneese, Benita K. Glamour, Zachary L. Smith, Katherine A. Hanley, Jordan Wood, Harsh K. Patel, Janak N. Shah, Emil Agarunov, Amrita Sethi, Evan L. Fogel, Gail McNulty, Abdul Haseeb, Judy A. Trieu, Rebekah E. Dixon, Jeong Yun Yang, Robin B. Mendelsohn, Delia Calo, Olga C. Aroniadis, Joseph F. LaComb, James M. Scheiman, Bryan G. Sauer, Duyen T. Dang, Cyrus R. Piraka, Eric D. Shah, Heiko Pohl, William M. Tierney, Stephanie Mitchell, Ashwinee Condon, Adrienne Lenhart, Kulwinder S. Dua, Vikram S. Kanagala, Ayesha Kamal, Vikesh K. Singh, Maria Ines Pinto-Sanchez, Joy M. Hutchinson, Richard S. Kwon, Sheryl J. Korsnes, Harminder Singh, Zahra Solati, Field F. Willingham, Patrick S. Yachimski, Darwin L. Conwell, Evan Mosier, Mohamed Azab, Anish Patel, James Buxbaum, Sachin Wani, Amitabh Chak, Amy E. Hosmer, Rajesh N. Keswani, Christopher J. DiMaio, Michael S. Bronze, Raman Muthusamy, Marcia I. Canto, V. Mihajlo Gjeorgjievski, Zaid Imam, Fadi Odish, Ahmed I. Edhi, Molly Orosey, Abhinav Tiwari, Soumil Patwardhan, Nicholas G. Brown, Anish A. Patel, Collins O. Ordiah, Ian P. Sloan, Lilian Cruz, Casey L. Koza, Uchechi Okafor, Thomas Hollander, Nancy Furey, Olga Reykhart, Natalia H. Zbib, John A. Damianos, James Esteban, Nick Hajidiacos, Melissa Saul, Melanie Mays, Gulsum Anderson, Kelley Wood, Laura Mathews, Galina Diakova, Molly Caisse, Lauren Wakefield, Haley Nitchie, Akbar K. Waljee, Weijing Tang, Yueyang Zhang, Ji Zhu, Amar R. Deshpande, Don C. Rockey, Teldon B. Alford, Valerie Durkalski
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and significance of digestive manifestations in patients with COVID-19. The research found that gastrointestinal symptoms were common in hospitalized COVID-19 patients, but were mostly mild and not independently associated with a more severe clinical course. Abnormal liver test results were also common, but not significantly linked to mechanical ventilation or death among these patients.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Eric D. Shah
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Brian E. Lacy, Mark Pimentel, Darren M. Brenner, William D. Chey, Laurie A. Keefer, Millie D. Long, Baha Moshiree
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. The American College of Gastroenterology has developed a clinical guideline using GRADE methodology for the management of IBS, recommending a positive diagnostic approach, specific tests, treatments, and gut-directed psychotherapy to improve symptoms for patients with IBS.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Eric D. Shah, Mohsen Pourmorteza, B. Joseph Elmunzer, Sarah K. Ballou, Georgios I. Papachristou, Luis F. Lara, Uche Okafor, Sheryl A. Pfeil, Darwin L. Conwell, Somashekar G. Krishna
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Yossra Suliman, Suzanne Kafaja, Sunny J. Oh, Mohamed Alemam, Gianluca Bagnato, Giuseppina Abignano, Ram Raj Singh, Gillian Barlow, Xiaochen Liu, Isela Valera, Walter Morales, Ali Rezaie, Mark Pimentel, Francesco Del Galdo, Daniel E. Furst
Summary: The study shows that elevated anti-vinculin antibody levels are common in patients with SSc and suggests a potential link between increased anti-vinculin levels and gastrointestinal symptoms.
CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Stacy Weitsman, Shreya Celly, Gabriela Leite, Ruchi Mathur, Rashin Sedighi, Gillian M. Barlow, Walter Morales, Maritza Sanchez, Gonzalo Parodi, Maria Jesus Villanueva-Millan, Ali Rezaie, Mark Pimentel
Summary: This study compared the duodenal and stool microbiomes of PPI users and non-users, finding differences in the relative abundance of certain microbial families in the duodenal and stool microbiomes of PPI users. However, PPI use was not associated with higher rates of SIBO. The clinical implications of these findings remain unclear.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
B. Joseph Elmunzer, Bethany J. Wolf, James M. Scheiman, William M. Tierney, Jason R. Taylor
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Eric D. Shah, Darren M. Brenner, Vincent L. Chen
Summary: Chronic overlapping pain conditions and sex seem to influence the likelihood of discontinuation of two commonly prescribed secretagogues, while mood disorders, narcotics, and benzodiazepines may not. Routine assessment for comorbid COPCs prior to initiating therapy may optimize IBS-C treatment selection and outcomes.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Mark S. Riddle, A. Louis Bourgeois, Allison Clifford, Suhi Jeon, Birgitte K. Giersing, Mark Jit, Marta Tufet Bayona, Jared Ovitt, William P. Hausdorff
Summary: Shigella, a gram-negative bacterium, is a major cause of severe diarrhea and dysentery in children under five in low- and middle-income countries. Despite the development of promising Shigella vaccine candidates, the recommendation and adoption of such vaccines may face challenges due to declining disease rates, complex immunization programs, and availability of other vaccines.
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mark S. Riddle, Charles D. Ericsson, Robert Steffen
JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Christopher Duplessis, Kristen A. Clarkson, K. Ross Turbyfill, Ashley N. Alcala, Ramiro Gutierrez, Mark S. Riddle, Tida Lee, Kristopher Paolino, Hailey P. Weerts, Amanda Lynen, Edwin Oaks, Chad K. Porter, Robert Kaminski
Summary: Shigella species cause severe disease and an effective vaccine is urgently needed. InvaplexAR vaccine, a subunit vaccine approach, demonstrated increased immunogenicity in pre-clinical studies and was tested in a phase 1 trial, showing safety and potential for inducing immune responses.