Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Charlotte Buckley, Yu Ye, William C. Kerr, Nina Mulia, Klajdi Puka, Jurgen Rehm, Charlotte Probst
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the disparities in sex-specific mortality rates for opioid, alcohol, and combined alcohol and opioid poisonings between educational and racial and ethnic groups in the USA. The study found increasing mortality rates for opioid and alcohol poisonings over time, with significant educational inequalities observed. The findings highlight the importance of targeted public health interventions to reduce poisoning mortality and socioeconomic inequalities.
Article
Pediatrics
Elise Cranfield, Elizabeth Ashcroft, Patrice Forget
Summary: Despite the reduction in community opioid prescriptions, there was no decrease in the number of deaths in children and teenagers due to opioid poisoning. The majority of deaths from opioid poisoning in children and teenagers were in those under one year old and those aged between 15 and 19 years old.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chihyun Park, Jean R. Clemenceau, Anna Seballos, Sara Crawford, Rocio Lopez, Tyler Coy, Gowtham Atluri, Tae Hyun Hwang
Summary: The study analyzed opioid-related mortality in Ohio from 2010 to 2016, finding higher death rates among white males aged 25-54 and a tendency for deaths to cluster in urban areas. Additionally, comorbidity analysis showed a relatively high co-occurrence of cardiovascular disease, anxiety, or drug abuse history with opioid-related deaths.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Pirkko Kriikku, Ilkka Ojanpera
Summary: The study found that gabapentinoids are mainly implicated in fatal poisoning together with opioids, but in some cases, death may be caused by overuse of prescribed drugs or suicide. It is important to pay attention to different user groups who may be at risk of overdose by gabapentinoids.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Hailing Liu, Geng Liao
Summary: Thallium poisoning is a rare but potentially deadly condition that is often misdiagnosed. Correct diagnosis can be achieved through blood and urine tests, with neurological damage being the main long-term sequelae in affected patients.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ting-Ting Wang, Bing Wen, Xiu-Nan Yu, Zhang-Ge Ji, Yi-Yong Sun, Ying Li, Shou-Lian Zhu, Yong-Liang Cao, Mei Wang, Xiang-Dong Jian, Tan Wang
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of treatments and outcomes of five patients with early diagnosis of acute thallium poisoning. Patients presented with symptoms of acute thallium poisoning, including hyperalgesia and abdominal pain, along with accompanying symptoms such as hepatic damage and alopecia. With early diagnosis and intervention, four patients had a good prognosis and no permanent sequelae.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anibal Garcia-Sempere, Isabel Hurtado, Celia Robles, Fran Llopis-Cardona, Francisco Sanchez-Saez, Clara Rodriguez-Bernal, Salvador Peiro-Moreno, Gabriel Sanfelix-Gimeno
Summary: This cohort study conducted in Valencia, Spain, aimed to identify individual and initial prescription-related factors associated with an increased risk of opioid-related misuse, poisoning, and dependence (MPD) in patients with non-cancer pain. The study found that the use of ultrafast opioids, short-acting opioids, and long-acting opioids as initial prescriptions was associated with a higher risk of MPD. Additionally, male sex, younger age, lack of economic resources, and registered alcohol misuse were individual factors associated with an increased risk of MPD.
BMJ QUALITY & SAFETY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Douglas A. Becker, Matthew H. E. M. Browning, Olivia McAnirlin, Shuai Yuan, Marco Helbich
Summary: Opioid consumption and deaths due to opioid use have increased in the U.S. over the years. This study found that exposure to green spaces, contrary to expectations, was positively associated with opioid mortality. The findings suggest that heavily forested areas with poor socioeconomic conditions may contribute to this association.
URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Neta Cohen, Mathew Mathew, Adrienne Davis, Jeffrey Brent, Paul Wax, Suzanne Schuh, Stephen B. Freedman, Blake Froberg, Evan Schwarz, Joshua Canning, Laura Tortora, Christopher Hoyte, Andrew L. Koons, Michele M. Burns, Joshua McFalls, Timothy J. Wiegand, Robert G. Hendrickson, Bryan Judge, Lawrence S. Quang, Michael Hodgman, James A. Chenoweth, Douglas A. Algren, Jennifer Carey, E. Martin Caravati, Peter Akpunonu, Ann-Jeannette Geib, Steven A. Seifert, Ziad Kazzi, Rittirak Othong, Spencer C. Greene, Christopher Holstege, Marit S. Tweet, David Vearrier, Anthony F. Pizon, Sharan L. Campleman, Shao Li, Kim Aldy, Yaron Finkelstein
Summary: This study analyzed data from 165 children with opioid intoxication and found that exposure to fentanyl and age ≥ 10 years were independent predictors of severe outcomes in children with opioid toxicity, highlighting the importance of targeting these risk factors for prevention efforts.
CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Juan Liu, Wenhuan Yuan, Qi'en Ouyang, Zhi'an Bao, Jun Xiao, Xinni Xiong, Huimin Cao, Qiaohui Zhong, Yuebing Wan, Xudong Wei, Yongqi Zhang, Tangfu Xiao, Jin Wang
Summary: Tl isotopic compositions were used for the first time to explore the transfer and pathway of Tl in paddy soil system. The results showed considerable variations in Tl isotopes, which were likely caused by interconversion between Tl(I) and Tl(III) under different redox conditions. Industrial waste was found to be the predominant source of Tl contamination in the studied soil. These findings suggest that Tl isotopes can be used as an efficient tracer to fingerprint Tl pathway in complicated scenarios, with significant prospects in diverse environmental applications.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Fritz Pragst, Sven Hartwig
Summary: This article describes a case of poisoning with thallium that resulted in severe harm to the male victim. The perpetrator, his female life partner, was sentenced to imprisonment for her actions. The possibility of Munchausen by proxy syndrome as a motivation for the poisoning was discussed but ultimately dismissed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Ilaria Rossetto, Filippo Franconi, Alan R. Felthous, Fulvio Carabellese, Gianfranco Rivellini, Felice Carabellese
Summary: This case study illustrates the rare instance of a psychotic offender driven by religious delusions to commit serial intrafamilial killings. By using poisoning as the means of murder, the importance of vigilance towards mysterious deaths and careful forensic psychiatric assessment is underscored.
JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Elenore P. Bhatraju, Caitlin Fuller, Paul Grekin, Shay Rockman, K. Michelle Peavy
Summary: This study indicates that in an Opioid Treatment Program, patients who continue treatment have lower mortality rates, even if they continue to use drugs. Deaths primarily occurred in long-term patients, with the majority not caused by drug poisoning.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maryann Mason, Sarah B. Welch, Suzanne McLone, Tami Bartell, Patrick M. Lank, Karen Sheehan, Lori Ann Post
Summary: Among non-poisoning suicide decedents in Illinois, 16.4% tested positive for opioids, with associations found with white race, age 75 and over, and widowed or unknown marital status. The presence of substance use disorder, depression, and anxiety were common among opioid-positive decedents, suggesting opportunities for suicide prevention interventions.
Article
Psychiatry
Erin Kelty, Anwyn Pyle, David B. Preen
Summary: This study aimed to explore the impact of opioid poisoning during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal health. The study found that the incidence of opioid poisoning during pregnancy was low and less likely to be intentional. Compared to preconception opioid poisoning, opioid poisoning during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of neonatal conditions associated with in utero hypoxia.
ARCHIVES OF WOMENS MENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alireza Amirabadizadeh, Samaneh Nakhaee, Omid Mehrpour
Summary: This study aimed to develop a prediction model for elevated blood lead concentration (EBLC) based on demographic and clinical variables using a decision-tree model. The results showed that the decision tree model had better predictive accuracy than the logistic regression model, and doctors should pay attention to certain factors when screening for EBLC.
DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Babak Roshanravan, Omid Mehrpour, Milad Ashrafizadeh, Najmeh Yazdanfar, Parisa Sadighara, Tahereh Farkhondeh, Saeed Samarghandian
Summary: The study found that sub-chronic exposure to chlorpyrifos can cause anemia in young rats, with significant decreases in red blood cell count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and other parameters. However, no marked differences were observed in aging rats compared to age-matched controls.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad Taghi Shakeri, Hossein Nezami, Samaneh Nakhaee, Jan Aaseth, Omid Mehrpour
Summary: This study compared the toxicity of heavy metal levels in the blood of smokers and non-smokers in Birjand, finding that smokers had significantly higher concentrations of thallium, arsenic, manganese, and copper compared to non-smokers. Lead, cadmium, and cobalt were identified as the most critical metals accumulated in the blood of cigarette smokers. Cluster analysis showed a different grouping of elements in the smoker and non-smoker groups, indicating potential health risks associated with heavy metal exposure from smoking.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Samaneh Nakhaee, Alireza Amirabadizadeh, Mahshid Ataei, Homeira Ataei, Mahmood Zardast, Mohammad Rasool Shariatmadari, Seyed Mohammad Mousavi-Mirzaei, Omid Mehrpour
Summary: This study compared the serum concentrations of trace elements in smokers and non-smokers and found that smokers had significantly higher levels of manganese, copper, arsenic, and thallium, while having lower iron concentration compared to the control group. These results suggest the need for public health measures to intervene in the community to address the health risks associated with smoking.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Tahereh Farkhondeh, Omid Mehrpour, Mahmood Sadeghi, Michael Aschner, Hamed Aramjoo, Babak Roshanravan, Saeed Samarghandian
Summary: The study investigated the effects of CPF exposure on blood glucose, lipid profiles, and body weight in rodents and fish. Results showed that CPF exposure led to hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, decreased insulin levels, and body weight changes. Additionally, the metabolic alterations induced by CPF were dose- and time-dependent, indicating a potential link between CPF exposure and metabolic diseases that require further research to understand the underlying mechanisms.
REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Forod Salehi, Kimia Darmiani, Sameneh Nakhaee, Alireza Amirabadi Zadeh, Seyed Yoosef Javadmoosavi, Vahideh Faghihi, Omid Mehrpour
Summary: This study found that mothers of children with congenital heart disease had significantly higher blood lead concentrations compared to mothers of healthy children.
BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Omid Mehrpour, Farhad Saeedi, Christopher Hoyte
Summary: Acetaminophen overdose can have serious outcomes, making prediction crucial. The decision tree model showed high accuracy and reliability in determining the prognosis of acetaminophen exposure, and can be used in emergency rooms or during hospitalization.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Mahshid Ataei, Farshad M. Shirazi, Samaneh Nakhaee, Mohammad Abdollahi, Omid Mehrpour
Summary: The study reviews and summarizes research on the effectiveness of fabric masks and various fabrics against the coronavirus. Cotton quilt, copy paper, a hybrid of cotton with chiffon/silk, and flannel filtration were found to be highly effective. Comparing different factors, hybrid masks, 2-layered cotton quilt, 2-layered 100% cotton, cotton flannel, and a combination of hairy tea towel + fleece sweater performed the best.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Toxicology
Ali Mohammad Pourbagher-Shahri, Jonathan Schimmel, Farshad M. Shirazi, Samaneh Nakhaee, Omid Mehrpour
Summary: Fomepizole may offer benefits as an adjunct antidote for acetaminophen toxicity, although further confirmation is needed through human trials. While NAC remains the standard treatment, fomepizole may be considered as an off-label use by experienced clinicians in rare cases associated with increased risk of hepatotoxicity.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Omid Mehrpour, Christopher Hoyte, Foster Goss, Farshad M. Shirazi, Samaneh Nakhaee
Summary: This study used a decision tree algorithm to establish the outcome of RSTI exposure to acetaminophen for the first time. The study analyzed a six-year retrospective cohort using the National Poison Data System and found that serum liver enzymes, coagulation abnormalities, and other factors were effective in determining the outcomes of these patients.
DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Omid Mehrpour, Christopher Hoyte, Heather Delva-Clark, Abdullah Al Masud, Ashis Biswas, Jonathan Schimmel, Samaneh Nakhaee, Foster Goss
Summary: The primary aim of this study was to develop a machine learning algorithm that can predict and distinguish eight poisoning agents based on clinical symptoms. The results showed that machine learning models based on clinical signs and symptoms moderately predicted the causal agent, with CatBoost and LightGBM classifier models performing the best.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Omid Mehrpour, Farhad Saeedi, Varun Vohra, Jafar Abdollahi, Farshad M. Shirazi, Foster Goss
Summary: This study aimed to predict outcomes of bupropion overdose using a decision tree approach. The results showed that multiple seizures, conduction disturbance, intentional exposure, and confusion were the most influential factors to predict the outcome of bupropion exposure. Coma and seizure, including single, multiple and status, were the most important factors to predict major outcomes.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medical Informatics
Omid Mehrpour, Farhad Saeedi, Samaneh Nakhaee, Farbod Tavakkoli Khomeini, Ali Hadianfar, Alireza Amirabadizadeh, Christopher Hoyte
Summary: A decision tree model was developed to aid in the diagnosis of biguanides and sulfonylureas exposures, and the analysis of 6183 participants showed that the most important clinical findings defining these exposures were hypoglycemia, abdominal pain, acidosis, diaphoresis, tremor, vomiting, diarrhea, age, and reasons for exposure.
BMC MEDICAL INFORMATICS AND DECISION MAKING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Omid Mehrpour, Christopher Hoyte, Abdullah Al Masud, Ashis Biswas, Jonathan Schimmel, Samaneh Nakhaee, Mohammad Sadegh Nasr, Heather Delva-Clark, Foster Goss
Summary: This study developed a deep learning algorithm that predicts the most probable agent a poisoned patient was exposed to. The results showed that deep neural networks can potentially help in distinguishing the causative agent of acute poisoning, indicating their potential application value.
EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG METABOLISM & TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Omid Mehrpour, Samaneh Nakhaee, Farhad Saeedi, Bahare Valizade, Erfan Lotfi, Malik Hamza Nawaz
Summary: This study examined the application of machine learning techniques in identifying antihyperglycemic agent exposure using the national poisoning database in the USA. The study analyzed the data of single exposure to Biguanides and Sulfonylureas by using five machine learning models, and found that these models had high accuracy in diagnosing antihyperglycemic agent poisoning.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)