Review
Microbiology
Laila Aldars-Garcia, Maria Chaparro, Javier P. Gisbert
Summary: IBD is a chronic relapsing-remitting systemic disease of the gastrointestinal tract, and the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in its pathogenesis by showing reduced species richness, diversity, and temporal stability. Changes in the gut microbiome are pivotal in determining the onset of IBD, with certain microbial taxa identified as diagnostic biomarkers.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Montse Baldan-Martin, Maria Chaparro, Javier P. Gisbert
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic and inflammatory conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Despite endoscopy being the gold standard test for assessing IBD, it is invasive and uncomfortable for patients. Therefore, non-invasive biomarkers for IBD diagnosis are urgently needed. This review summarizes proteomics and metabolomics studies in animals and humans, identifying urinary biomarkers for IBD diagnosis. Large-scale multi-omics studies with collaboration between clinicians, researchers, and industry are necessary for the development of sensitive and specific diagnostic biomarkers for personalized medicine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Cristina Bauset, Laura Gisbert-Ferrandiz, Jesus Cosin-Roger
Summary: IBD is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by disruption of epithelial barrier function and immune response, lacking biomarkers for early diagnosis. Metabolomics may reveal promising metabolites to understand pathology and identify therapeutic targets.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Monica State, Lucian Negreanu, Theodor Voiosu, Andrei Voiosu, Paul Balanescu, Radu Bogdan Mateescu
Summary: This study summarized the performance of noninvasive biomarkers in assessing MH in IBD patients. Fecal markers were the main focus, with fecal calprotectin being the most investigated marker, while among serum markers, the endoscopic healing index showed the best performance.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hala Fatani, Adina Olaru, Rebecca Stevenson, Waad Alharazi, Ayman Jafer, Philip Atherton, Matthew Brook, Gordon Moran
Summary: There is increasing evidence of higher prevalence of sarcopenia in IBD patients due to increased muscle atrophy. This systematic review aimed to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia in IBD patients, investigate its impact on patients, and assess the effectiveness of nutritional interventions. The review included 35 studies and found that over one third of adult IBD patients have myopenia or pre-sarcopenia, and nearly a fifth have sarcopenia. Myopenic IBD is associated with increased risk of therapy failure, postoperative complications, low bone mineral density (BMD), and potential risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Personalized nutrition plans may improve muscle mass in IBD patients.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Szymon Hryhorowicz, Marta Kaczmarek-Rys, Aleksandra Zielinska, Rodney J. Scott, Ryszard Slomski, Andrzej Plawski
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays a crucial role in modulating intestinal inflammation, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vilk Janne da Silva Barros, Juliana Soares Severo, Pedro Henrique Moraes Mendes, Alda Cassia Alves da Silva, Kelly Beatriz Vieira de Oliveira, Jose Miguel Luz Parente, Murilo Moura Lima, Emidio Marques Matos Neto, Armenio Aguiar dos Santos, Moises Tolentino Bento da Silva
Summary: This review systematically evaluates the effectiveness of dietary interventions in attenuating inflammatory biomarkers in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases based on available clinical trials. It was found that some dietary interventions can reduce inflammatory markers.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patricia Teixeira Santana, Siane Lopes Bittencourt Rosas, Beatriz Elias Ribeiro, Ygor Marinho, Heitor S. P. de Souza
Summary: Microbe-host communication is crucial for maintaining vital functions of a healthy host. Disruption of this communication is associated with various diseases, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Identifying microorganisms that affect disease susceptibility and phenotypes in humans is still challenging. Recent insights into the role of diet and environmental factors on the gut microbiome have direct implications for the immune response and the development of IBD. The complexity of IBD pathogenesis suggests the need for an integrative approach to identify specific therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Magdalena Kurnik-Lucka, Pawel Pasieka, Patrycja Laczak, Marcin Wojnarski, Michal Jurczyk, Krzysztof Gil
Summary: The dopaminergic system may play a significant role in inflammatory bowel disease, but its impact is currently underestimated. Further in-depth observational studies are needed to support this notion.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nikolas Plevris, Charlie W. Lees
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease is a progressive and debilitating condition, emphasizing the importance of early and effective treatment for improving patient outcomes. Proactive monitoring is crucial to ensuring treatment strategies are working, highlighting the need for an optimal treat-to-target monitoring strategy during key phases of the disease. The advent of new technology may enhance monitoring capabilities and shape future monitoring strategies for inflammatory bowel diseases.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xuhui Tong, Yuanyuan Zheng, Yu Li, Yongjian Xiong, Dapeng Chen
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic intestinal condition characterized by persistent inflammation, with targeting of cytokines showing efficacy in treatment. Soluble ligands as drug targets are gaining importance, being more accessible compared to receptors, and presenting opportunities for intervention in IBD treatment.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Karen van Hoeve, Ilse Hoffman
Summary: As extra-intestinal manifestations are frequent in inflammatory bowel disease, renal manifestations in patients with IBD are however rare. Nevertheless, up to 5-15% of adult patients with IBD will develop chronic kidney disease over time.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tao Zhang, Jindong Zhang, Liping Duan
Summary: Genetically modified probiotics have shown efficacy in colitis models through diverse mechanisms, including modulation of gut microbiota diversity and composition, production of beneficial bacterial metabolites, regulation of inflammatory cytokine levels, modulation of oxidative stress, and improvement of intestinal barrier integrity. However, more clinical trials are needed to identify genetically modified probiotics that are both effective and safe for further clinical translation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fabio Corsi, Luca Sorrentino, Sara Albasini, Francesco Colombo, Maria Cigognini, Alessandro Massari, Carlo Morasso, Serena Mazzucchelli, Francesca Piccotti, Sandro Ardizzone, Gianluca M. Sampietro, Marta Truffi
Summary: The study evaluated circulating FAP (cFAP) as a potential blood biomarker for IBD, showing reduced cFAP concentration in IBD patients compared to controls. cFAP had a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 84% in discriminating IBD from controls, without strong correlation with routine inflammatory markers. Subgroup analysis revealed cFAP correlates with endoscopic mucosal healing in patients with Crohn's disease.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Webber Chan, Ennaliza Salazar, Teong Guan Lim, Wan Chee Ong, Hang Hock Shim
Summary: IBD patients have suboptimal vaccination rates, with factors such as immunosuppressant use, older age, and physician recommendations positively impacting vaccination rates. Lack of vaccine-related knowledge and awareness of the need for vaccination are the main reasons for vaccine hesitancy among patients and physicians. Education is the only identified intervention for improving vaccination rates.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2021)