Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tomoko Tadokoro, Asahiro Morishita, Takashi Himoto, Tsutomu Masaki
Summary: Malnutrition is common in alcohol use disorders and is associated with the prognosis of patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). Deficiencies in vitamins and trace elements are frequently seen in these patients, increasing the risk of anemia and cognitive changes. The causes of malnutrition in ALD patients are complex and include inadequate dietary intake, abnormal absorption and digestion, increased protein catabolism, and abnormal interactions between ethanol and lipid metabolism. This review aims to summarize important nutritional therapies for the treatment of ALD.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiwot Tezera Endale, Tiget Ayelgn Mengstie, Dilargachew Dessie Dawit, Rezika Mohammed, Gashaw Dessie, Kibur Hunie Tesfa
Summary: This study assessed liver function tests and associated risk factors among VL patients at Leishmaniasis Research and Treatment Center of University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in North West Ethiopia. The results showed significantly higher levels of AST, ALT, and total bilirubin among VL patients compared to controls, along with lower levels of albumin and total protein in VL patients.
Article
Oncology
Lisa Christen, Helen Broghammer, Inka Rapoehn, Kevin Moehlis, Christian Strehlau, Aleix Ribas-Latre, Claudia Gebhardt, Lisa Roth, Kerstin Krause, Kathrin Landgraf, Antje Koerner, Kerstin Rohde-Zimmermann, Anne Hoffmann, Nora Kloeting, Adhideb Ghosh, Wenfei Sun, Hua Dong, Christian Wolfrum, Tienush Rassaf, Ulrike B. Hendgen-Cotta, Michael Stumvoll, Matthias Blueher, John T. Heiker, Juliane Weiner
Summary: This study demonstrates the functional relevance of myoglobin (MB) in brown adipose tissue (BAT), showing that MB controls mitochondrial function and thermogenesis in brown and beige adipocytes. MB not only facilitates oxygen storage and flux to the mitochondria, but also regulates the acute response of BAT to adrenergic stimulation, signaling, and lipolysis. The overexpression of MB in white adipocytes also increases their metabolic activity. These findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of thermogenesis in BAT and potential therapeutic approaches for obesity and related diseases.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Costas Koufaris, Antonis Kirmizis
Summary: This study identified NAA40 as a NAT family member with the most prominent upregulation in Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), which is associated with significant disease prognosis. High expression of NAA40 may be linked to aggressive LIHC subtypes characterized by high proliferation, poor differentiation, and invasiveness, particularly in liver cancer patients with inactivated P53. These findings define NAA40 as a potentially oncogenic NAT in LIHC and establish its prognostic value for aggressive LIHC subtypes.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daniela Palleri, Ylenia Bartolacelli, Anna Balducci, Simone Bonetti, Rossana Zanoni, Cristina Ciuca, Valentina Gesuete, Ambra Bulgarelli, Tammam Hasan, Luca Ragni, Emanuela Angeli, Gaetano Domenico Gargiulo, Andrea Donti
Summary: The study aimed to describe the growth parameters of Italian children with congenital heart disease (CHD) compared to healthy children. Anthropometric data of pediatric patients with CHD and healthy controls were collected. The results showed that healthy children had better growth indicators in terms of age, height, and weight compared to children with CHD, and the latter group exhibited higher rates of stunting and underweight.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Asra Tus Saleha Siddiqui, Om Parkash, Syeda Amrah Hashmi
Summary: Malnutrition is prevalent and underestimated in developing countries of South Asia, impacting patients with liver cirrhosis significantly. The etiology and pathophysiology of malnutrition in liver diseases are multifactorial, requiring urgent attention and nutritional status assessment globally. Treatment guidelines exist worldwide, but there is a need for improved knowledge and practice of nutritional counseling, especially in countries like Pakistan.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Elliot B. Tapper, Manaav Mehta, Cindy W. Leung
Summary: Food insecurity is associated with an increased risk of liver fibrosis and advanced fibrosis in older adults.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Christopher J. Damman
Summary: Food has the power to heal as our bodies are transformed by the elements in food. In the twentieth century, nutrition science focused on understanding the building blocks of this transformation, while the twenty-first century focuses on bioactive substances within the food matrix that regulate this process. The roles of our microbiome and mitochondria in health inspire new nutritional approaches.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ahreum Song, Jieun Jang, Ayeong Lee, Seo Yeon Min, Sang Gyun Lee, Soo-Chan Kim, Jaeyong Shin, Jong Hoon Kim
Summary: The study found that the reimbursement policy for rituximab in South Korea decreased the time to initiate treatment and the corticosteroid use for pemphigus patients. Additionally, the frequency of circulating desmoglein-specific atypical memory B cells can serve as a surrogate marker for a good prognosis after rituximab therapy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yoshitaka Isaka
Summary: Multiple factors contribute to malnutrition in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, with protein restriction as a common treatment but potentially worsening sarcopenia. It is important to carefully manage protein intake in CKD patients with sarcopenia, especially in those at high risk for end-stage kidney disease. The combination of exercise therapy and increased protein intake may be effective in improving muscle mass and strength in these patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lupe Furtado-Alle, Luciane Tureck, Carolina S. de Oliveira, Joao V. M. Hortega, Ricardo L. R. Souza
Summary: Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an enzyme found primarily in the liver, plasma, and brain, and it has been recognized for its role in the hydrolysis of choline esters. Recent studies have shown its involvement in lipid metabolism, suggesting it plays a crucial role in maintaining lipid homeostasis. However, the relationship between external factors and BChE activity in lipid metabolic pathways is still complex and requires further investigation.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucia Markuskova, Zuzana Javorova Rihova, Tomas Fazekas, Anna Martinkovicova, Martina Havrisko, Dominika Dingova, Maria Solavova, Daria Rabarova, Anna Hrabovska
Summary: Lower serum BChE activity is associated with poor prognosis of COVID-19 patients. Non-survivors have lower and progressively declining BChE activity, while discharged or transferred patients with further care show higher and relatively stable BChE activity. Lower BChE activity is correlated with older age and lower BMI, and negatively correlated with inflammatory markers, CRP and IL-6. Serum BChE activity serves as a novel prognostic marker in high-risk patients.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Brooke Chapman, Darren Wong, Bethany Whitcher, Marie Sinclair, Paul Gow, Avik Majumdar, Adam Testro
Summary: Malnutrition is common in cirrhotic patients awaiting liver transplant, and there is poor correlation between measured energy expenditure and predicted energy expenditure. Hypermetabolism is also prevalent. Tailored energy prescription based on indirect calorimetry or a liver-specific predictive model is recommended for liver transplant candidates.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Diana Sousa, Mariana Rocha, Andreia Amaro, Marcos Divino Ferreira-Junior, Keilah Valeria Naves Cavalcante, Tamaeh Monteiro-Alfredo, Catia Barra, Daniela Rosendo-Silva, Lucas Paulo Jacinto Saavedra, Jose Magalhaes, Armando Caseiro, Paulo Cezar de Freitas Mathias, Susana P. Pereira, Paulo J. Oliveira, Rodrigo Mello Gomes, Paulo Matafome
Summary: Obesogenic environments during the perinatal period can reprogram offspring energy balance mechanisms and increase the risk of metabolic diseases in adulthood. Different obesogenic models have varying effects on metabolic parameters and energy storage pathways in offspring.
Article
Oncology
Xiaoli Liu, Jilin Lu, Guanxiong Zhang, Junyan Han, Wei Zhou, Huan Chen, Henghui Zhang, Zhiyun Yang
Summary: A machine learning algorithm incorporating clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, and peripheral immune signatures has been developed to predict the risk of HCC-related death. The model showed high concordance indexes in the training and validation sets and successfully categorized patients into high, medium, and low-risk subgroups.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Valeria Amato, Carmela De Caprio, Lidia Santarpia, Annalba De Rosa, Carolina Bongiorno, Giovanna Stella, Eliana De Rosa, Roberto Iacone, Clelia Scanzano, Fabrizio Pasanisi, Franco Contaldo
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lidia Santarpia, Roberta Esposito, Andrea Vaccaro, Lucia Alfonsi, Maria Carmen Pagano, Ciro Santoro, Maurizio Marra, Franco Contaldo, Maurizio Galderisi, Fabrizio Pasanisi
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maurizio Marra, Iolanda Cioffi, Delia Morlino, Olivia Di Vincenzo, Maria Carmen Pagano, Nicola Imperatore, Lucia Alfonsi, Lidia Santarpia, Fabiana Castiglione, Luca Scalfi, Fabrizio Pasanisi
JOURNAL OF PARENTERAL AND ENTERAL NUTRITION
(2020)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Iolanda Cioffi, Nicola Imperatore, Olivia Di Vincenzo, Lidia Santarpia, Antonio Rispo, Maurizio Marra, Anna Testa, Franco Contaldo, Fabiana Castiglione, Fabrizio Pasanisi
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Roberto Iacone, Clelia Scanzano, Lidia Santarpia, Iolanda Cioffi, Franco Contaldo, Fabrizio Pasanisi
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Franco Contaldo, Lidia Santarpia, Iolanda Cioffi, Fabrizio Pasanisi
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Enza Speranza, Lidia Santarpia, Maurizio Marra, Emilia De Filippo, Olivia Di Vincenzo, Delia Morlino, Fabrizio Pasanisi, Franco Contaldo
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maurizio Marra, Rosa Sammarco, Iolanda Cioffi, Delia Morlino, Olivia Di Vincenzo, Enza Speranza, Fabrizio Pasanisi
Summary: The study developed and validated new predictive equations for estimating resting energy expenditure in subjects with normal weight and overweight, incorporating raw variables from bioimpedance analysis. The new equations showed good accuracy at both the group and individual levels, with a slight improvement in individual accuracy for the formula including raw BIA variables.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Delia Morlino, Maurizio Marra, Iolanda Cioffi, Lidia Santarpia, Pietro De Placido, Mario Giuliano, Carmine De Angelis, Simone Carrano, Annarita Verrazzo, Giuseppe Buono, Marianna Naccarato, Olivia Di Vincenzo, Enza Speranza, Sabino De Placido, Grazia Arpino, Fabrizio Pasanisi
Summary: Sarcopenia is a common finding in female breast cancer patients with a BMI lower than 30 kg/m(2). The prevalence of sarcopenia in breast cancer patients was found to be 13.9%. Sarcopenic breast cancer patients had significantly lower fat-free mass compared to non-sarcopenic breast cancer patients and the control group.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Paola Iaccarino Idelson, Enza Speranza, Maurizio Marra, Fabrizio Pasanisi, Rosa Sammarco, Ferruccio Galletti, Pasquale Strazzullo, Antonio Barbato
Summary: This study evaluated the nutritional status and resting energy expenditure (REE) in Gaucher disease (GD) patients under enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). The results showed that GD patients had normal biochemical parameters in most cases, consumed a high-fat diet, and had a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity. However, their measured REE was lower than predicted and reduced compared to healthy controls. These findings highlight the need for further confirmation in larger GD patient populations and deeper investigation of the long-term effects of treatment on the underlying disease condition.
Article
Oncology
Thu-Thi Pham, Katharina Nimptsch, Krasimira Aleksandrova, Mazda Jenab, Robin Reichmann, Kana Wu, Anne Tjonneland, Cecilie Kyro, Matthias B. Schulze, Rudolf Kaaks, Verena Katzke, Domenico Palli, Fabrizio Pasanisi, Fulvio Ricceri, Rosario Tumino, Vittorio Krogh, Jeanine Roodhart, Jesus Castilla, Maria-Jose Sanchez, Sandra Milena Colorado-Yohar, Justin Harbs, Martin Rutegard, Keren Papier, Elom K. Aglago, Niki Dimou, Ana-Lucia Mayen-Chacon, Elisabete Weiderpass, Tobias Pischon
Summary: This study found no association between pre-diagnostic circulating resistin concentrations and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, a marginal association was observed among cases diagnosed within the first two years of follow-up. Resistin is more likely a marker of existing tumors than a risk factor for CRC.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Iolanda Cioffi, Filippo Scialo, Olivia Di Vincenzo, Monica Gelzo, Maurizio Marra, Anna Testa, Fabiana Castiglione, Maria Vitale, Fabrizio Pasanisi, Lidia Santarpia
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relationship between inflammation, malnutrition risk, and nutritional status in patients with Crohn's disease. Asymptomatic or untreated inflammation along with malnutrition can impair clinical outcomes in these patients.
