Article
Biology
Nadine Vollmuth, Lisa Schlicker, Yongxia Guo, Pargev Hovhannisyan, Sudha Janaki-Raman, Naziia Kurmasheva, Werner Schmitz, Almut Schulze, Kathrin Stelzner, Karthika Rajeeve, Thomas Rudel, Sophie Helaine
Summary: IFN-γ downregulates c-Myc to activate L-tryptophan metabolism, leading to persistent Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Additionally, tryptophan concentration controls c-Myc levels via the PI3K-GSK3β axis, and results in the rewiring of the host cell tricarboxylic acid cycle.
Article
Immunology
Dezso P. Virok, Ferenc Tomosi, Aniko Keller-Pinter, Kitti Szabo, Anita Bogdanov, Szilard Poliska, Zsolt Razga, Bella Bruszel, Zsuzsanna Cseh, David Kokai, Dora Paroczai, Valeria Endresz, Tamas Janaky, Katalin Burian
Summary: Neutrophil gene expression was significantly altered by C. trachomatis infection, inducing 1295 genes and repressing 1510 genes. Although the tryptophan-degrading activity of IDO1 was greatly increased by the addition of IFNG, it was not able to inhibit chlamydial growth in human neutrophils. Further investigation is needed to determine whether other chlamydial growth-promoting mechanisms were induced in the infected and interferon-treated neutrophils.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Li Wang, YingLan Hou, HongXia Yuan, Hongliang Chen
Summary: Chlamydia trachomatis (C. trachomatis) is a common bacterial sexually transmitted infection and a global public health concern. The mechanisms underlying C. trachomatis infection are not fully understood, but the bacterium is able to adapt to immune responses and persist within host cells. This review discusses the characteristics of chlamydial infections, the biosynthesis and regulation of tryptophan, the relationship between tryptophan and C. trachomatis, and the links between the tryptophan/IFN-gamma axis and C. trachomatis persistence.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. A. M. C. Dirks, K. Janssen, C. J. P. A. Hoebe, T. H. B. Geelen, M. Lucchesi, N. H. T. M. Dukers-Muijrers, P. F. G. Wolffs
Summary: The total plasmid copy numbers in clinical urogenital samples were found to be highly variable, while intra-bacterial plasmid copy numbers were more stable. DNA degradation in urine was influenced by transport time and temperature more significantly, supporting the use of a plasmid target in Chlamydia trachomatis screening assays to increase clinical sensitivity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Simone Filardo, Marisa Di Pietro, Federica Frasca, Fabiana Diaco, Mirko Scordio, Guido Antonelli, Carolina Scagnolari, Rosa Sessa
Summary: The study found that IFN-gamma inhibits the inflammasome network in C. trachomatis-infected synovial cells by downregulating caspase-1 mRNA expression, revealing how the bacterium hinders the inflammasome pathway for intracellular survival.
Article
Immunology
Simone Filardo, Marisa Di Pietro, Giuseppina Bozzuto, Matteo Fracella, Camilla Bitossi, Agnese Molinari, Carolina Scagnolari, Guido Antonelli, Rosa Sessa
Summary: This study investigated the activity of IFN-e against Chlamydia trachomatis and found that it can alter the growth of the pathogen and affect the distribution and morphology of bacteria within inclusions.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Camille M. Riffaud, Elizabeth A. Rucks, Scot P. Ouellette
Summary: In order to survive inside host cells, obligate intracellular bacteria reduce their genome size by eliminating non-essential genes. While living inside a host cell provides a stable environment, these bacteria depend on the host for nutrients and are susceptible to nutrient limitations. They develop persistence as a survival strategy, which compromises antibiotic therapy and leads to chronic infections. This review discusses the strategies used by obligate intracellular bacteria and highlights their unique response mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Robert C. Brunham
Summary: This article discusses the approaches and challenges in developing a Chlamydia trachomatis vaccine, and summarizes two key research directions and unresolved issues in human C. trachomatis immunology.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Michelle Odonkor, Fahd Naufal, Beatriz Munoz, Harran Mkocha, Mabula Kasubi, Meraf Wolle, Sheila West
Summary: The survey in Kongwa District found a TF prevalence of 7.1%, with 21.5% of TF-positive children testing positive for infection. Seropositivity was 18.2% on average, with children born after MDA cessation showing a seroprevalence of 6.7%, indicating exposure to C. trachomatis despite previous interventions.
PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mary R. Brockett, George W. Liechti
Summary: Under various aberrance-inducing conditions, Chlamydia trachomatis can affect peptidoglycan synthesis, with some conditions halting the biosynthesis pathway early enough to prevent the release of an immunostimulatory peptidoglycan component. Additionally, induction of aberrance can negatively impact the development of the microbe's pathogenic vacuole. The aberrant forms of Chlamydia can be sorted into categories based on their ability to release immunostimulatory muropeptides and secrete effector proteins.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Cole E. Bothun, Sasha A. Mansukhani, Timothy T. Xu, Tina M. Hendricks, David O. Hodge, Brian G. Mohney
Summary: This study described the incidence and clinical characteristics of conjunctivitis in infants during the first year of life in Olmsted County. The results showed that approximately 10% of infants in this population-based cohort had conjunctivitis. More than half of the cases involved both eyes, and one-quarter were identified within the first 30 days of life. Sight-threatening infectious agents were rare.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guangming Zhong
Summary: Research findings suggest that Chlamydia trachomatis plays a significant role in genital tract pathogenicity but can also colonize the gastrointestinal tract for extended periods. Plasmid and chromosome-encoded factors have varying importance in colonization of different parts of the GI tract, playing crucial roles in the spread and colonization of Chlamydia.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mingyang Li, Wei Shi, Jia Yang, Qi Wang, Haiyan Dong, Jun Chen, Lifang Zhang, Shanli Zhu
Summary: The MOMP-targeted affibody molecule (Z(MOMP):461) screened in this study showed the ability to recognize native MOMP in cells infected with C. trachomatis, indicating great potential for delivering drugs for target therapy.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephan P. Verweij, Remco P. H. Peters, Arnold Catsburg, Henry J. C. de Vries, Sander Ouburg, Servaas A. Morre
Summary: This study aims to assess the potential association of MBL2 gene SNPs to Chlamydia trachomatis infection. The results showed clear associations between specific MBL2 genotypes, haplotypes, and different subgroups of C. trachomatis infection.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Patricia Dehon Mott, Christopher M. Taylor, Rebecca A. Lillis, Caleb M. Ardizzone, Hannah L. Albritton, Meng Luo, Kaitlyn G. Calabresi, David H. Martin, Leann Myers, Alison J. Quayle
Summary: The study found that bacterial vaginosis infection may hinder the clearance of Chlamydia trachomatis, but a Lactobacillus-dominant microbiome is not an absolute requirement. Lower concentrations of IFN gamma may be needed in vivo, acting in conjunction with other factors. Vaginal bacteria-driven inflammation adds complexity to the genital cytokine environment, but changes in the microbiota may contribute to the clearance of Chlamydia trachomatis.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)