Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Morgan M. Grotewiel, Megan E. Crenshaw, Amelia Dorsey, Elizabeth Street
Summary: Hyperfocus and flow are intense concentration experiences associated with reduced perception of irrelevant stimuli and improved task performance. Hyperfocus has been historically seen as a symptom of ADHD, autism, or schizophrenia, while flow is regarded as an enjoyable experience in positive psychology. Recent studies suggest that hyperfocus and flow may be the same phenomenon viewed from different perspectives.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hsin-Yi Fan, Cheuk-Kwan Sun, Yu-Shian Cheng, Weilun Chung, Ruu-Fen Tzang, Hsien-Jane Chiu, Chun-Ning Ho, Kuo-Chuan Hung
Summary: This study provides a systematic review and analysis of the effectiveness of electroencephalogram-based neurofeedback (EEG-NF) in treating the core symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adolescents/adults. The results suggest that EEG-NF can effectively improve inattention symptoms, but its effectiveness in reducing hyperactivity/impulsivity remains inconclusive.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Dara E. Babinski, Erika F. H. Saunders, Fan He, Duanping Liao, Amanda M. Pearl, Daniel A. Waschbusch
Summary: This study examined the diagnostic indicators, clinical characteristics, and functional impairment associated with adult ADHD using electronic medical records and self-report measures. The results showed a significant difference in prevalence of ADHD between self-report screening and medical records. ADHD was found to contribute to functional impairment even when controlling for other psychiatric comorbidities.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sima Dastamooz, Clement C. Y. Tham, Jason C. S. Yam, Minghui Li, Stephen H. S. Wong, Cindy H. P. Sit
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the association between children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and ocular characteristics. The results showed that there were no significant differences in retinal nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell complex, and macular thickness between the ADHD group and the typical development (TD) group. However, subgroup analysis revealed significant differences in inferior ganglion cell and nasal macular thickness between the ADHD group and the TD group. Additionally, a significant difference in pupillary light reflex was observed between the ASD group and the TD group. Further research on a larger cohort is necessary to confirm the potential diagnosis of ADHD or ASD based on ocular characteristics.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
E. M. Bruxel, C. R. Moreira-Maia, G. C. Akutagava-Martins, T. P. Quinn, M. Klein, B. Franke, M. Ribases, P. Rovira, C. Sanchez-Mora, D. B. Kappel, N. R. Mota, E. H. Grevet, C. H. D. Bau, M. Arcos-Burgos, L. A. Rohde, M. H. Hutz
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the association between ADGRL3 gene variants and ADHD susceptibility in children and adults, finding significant correlation in children but not in adults. The results suggest that ADGRL3 gene is predominantly associated with childhood ADHD.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Erica D. Musser, Stephanie S. J. Morris, Kathleen Feeney, Rosario Pintos Lobo, Edward F. Ester
Summary: Inattention is a key symptom of ADHD, but the mechanisms underlying it are unclear. More specific approaches are needed to link disruptions in cognitive performance with ADHD behaviors. A pilot study found that even typically developing children did not maximally extract and combine information to maximize rewards in a cognitive task targeting attention selection mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Susanne Bejerot, Lovisa Statenhag, Martin R. Glans
Summary: ADHD individuals with poor motor skills are more likely to be victims of bullying. Poor motor skills are associated with increased victimization from nursery school to age 15, but not with perpetration of bullying.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Li-Fan Pai, Der-Shiun Wang, Wan-Fu Hsu, Shao-Wei Huang, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Shyi-Jou Chen, Wu-Chien Chien, Der-Ming Chu
Summary: This study found that children with ADHD have a higher risk of central precocious puberty. Early referral to a pediatric endocrinologist for evaluation can lead to correct diagnosis. Early intervention treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist may improve final height in children with central precocious puberty.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jung Tae Kim, Kibong Kim, Lin Ang, Hye Won Lee, Jun-Yong Choi, Myeong Soo Lee
Summary: This article describes a systematic review that aims to evaluate the effectiveness of acupuncture as a treatment for ADHD. The study will conduct literature searches in multiple databases and analyze the selected studies using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool. The findings of this review will be used to support relevant health policies and practices.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Johannes Lieslehto, Jari Tiihonen, Markku Laehteenvuo, Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz, Antti Tanskanen, Heidi Taipale
Summary: This study investigated the impact of pharmacotherapy on suicide risk in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). The results indicated that ADHD medication may reduce the risk of suicide, while mood stabilizers and antidepressants may increase the risk. The findings suggest that benzodiazepines should be used with caution due to their association with increased suicide risk in patients with BPD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mia Moses, Jeggan Tiego, Ditte Demontis, G. Bragi Walters, Hreinn Stefansson, Kari Stefansson, Anders D. Borglum, Aurina Arnatkeviciute, Mark A. Bellgrove
Summary: This study examined three potential endophenotypes for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): working memory function, response inhibition, and reaction time variability. The results showed that higher genetic risk for ADHD was associated with higher ADHD traits, as well as poorer working memory performance and increased reaction time variability. Lower working memory performance, poorer response inhibition, and increased reaction time variability were associated with more pronounced ADHD traits. Working memory and reaction time variability partially mediated the relationship between genetic risk for ADHD and ADHD traits, explaining 14% and 16% of the association, respectively.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anyi Yang, Edmund T. Rolls, Guiying Dong, Jingnan Du, Yuzhu Li, Jianfeng Feng, Wei Cheng, Xing-Ming Zhao
Summary: This study investigates the neural links between ADHD symptoms and prolonged screen time utilization (STU) using a large-scale dataset. The findings suggest that higher polygenic risk scores for ADHD are associated with longer STU and more severe symptoms. White matter microstructure, particularly in visual-related functions, plays a crucial role in mediating the association between ADHD risk and STU.
Article
Neurosciences
Markus Koelle, Sarah Mackert, Katharina Heckel, Alexandra Philipsen, Martin Ulrich, Georg Groen
Summary: This study found an association between RTV and white matter structural properties of the corticothalamic tract in adults with ADHD, which was not observed in healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY & NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Margherita Barbuti, Marco Maiello, Vincenza Spera, Alessandro Pallucchini, Giulio E. Brancati, Angelo G. I. Maremmani, Giulio Perugi, Icro Maremmani
Summary: Adults with ADHD often have comorbid substance use disorder (SUD), leading to greater severity of both disorders and additional challenges for treatment. Current research on pharmacological management of ADHD with comorbid SUD is limited, particularly in regards to the long-term effects of stimulant medications on dopamine signaling. Evidence suggests that high doses of stimulant medications have moderate efficacy on ADHD symptoms in ADHD-SUD subjects, but there is a risk for misuse. Atomoxetine is recommended for ADHD with comorbid cocaine or amphetamine use disorder, but its effectiveness in reducing addictive behavior is not well-demonstrated. For other subtypes of SUD, both atomoxetine and stimulant drugs have limited impact on addictive behavior, and a combination of ADHD treatment and SUD-specific strategies is recommended.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Samuele Cortese, Minjin Song, Luis C. Farhat, Dong Keon Yon, Seung Won Lee, Min Seo Kim, Seoyeon Park, Jae Won Oh, San Lee, Keun-Ah Cheon, Lee Smith, Corentin J. Gosling, Guilherme V. Polanczyk, Henrik Larsson, Luis A. Rohde, Stephen V. Faraone, Ai Koyanagi, Elena Dragioti, Joaquim Radua, Andre F. Carvalho, Jae Il Shin, Marco Solmi
Summary: Data on ADHD incidence, prevalence, and burden from the Global Burden of Disease study from 1990 to 2019 were presented. The study found that the global age-standardized incidence and prevalence of ADHD were 0.061% and 1.13% respectively in 2019. From 1990 to 2019, there was a decrease in global age-standardized prevalence and incidence. Males had approximately 2.5 times higher incidence, prevalence, and burden compared to females.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Elke R. Gizewski, Hannes Deutschmann, Michael Knoflach, Lukas Mayer-Suess, Thomas Gattringer
CARDIOVASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Noora Tuovinen, Nursen Yalcin-Siedentopf, Anna-Sophia Welte, Christian M. Siedentopf, Ruth Steiger, Elke R. Gizewski, Alex Hofer
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between personality traits, behavioral measures, and metabolite ratios, finding gender differences in metabolite correlates and personality traits.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephanie Mangesius, Lukas Haider, Lukas Lenhart, Ruth Steiger, Ferran Prados Carrasco, Christoph Scherfler, Elke R. Gizewski
Summary: Brain volumetric software is widely used in clinical practice, but the agreement across different software applications is limited. This study found moderate to low agreement among different applications in categorizing hippocampal volumes. Despite the quantitative differences, the volumetric measures derived from different software still differed significantly from the mean value.
Article
Oncology
Martha Nowosielski, Georg Goebel, Sarah Iglseder, Ruth Steiger, Lukas Ritter, Daniel Stampfl, Johanna Heugenhauser, Johannes Kerschbaumer, Elke R. Gizewski, Christian F. Freyschlag, Guenther Stockhammer, Christoph Scherfler
Summary: In this retrospective study, a quantitative textural analysis of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images derived from diffusion weighted MRI (DW-MRI) of single brain metastases (BM) patients from different primary tumors was performed to test whether these imaging parameters may improve established clinical risk models. The results showed that textural analysis of ADC maps in patients with single brain metastases improved established clinical risk models, which may aid in understanding the pathogenesis of BM and selecting patients for new treatment options.
CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL METASTASIS
(2022)
Article
Neuroimaging
Hanna Styczen, Volker Maus, Lukas Goertz, Martin Koehrmann, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Sebastian Fischer, Markus Moehlenbruch, Iris Muehlen, Bernd Kallmuenzer, Franziska Dorn, Asadeh Lakghomi, Matthias Gawlitza, Daniel Kaiser, Joachim Klisch, Donald Lobsien, Stefan Rohde, Gisa Ellrichmann, Daniel Behme, Maximilian Thormann, Fabian Flottmann, Laurens Winkelmeier, Elke R. Gizewski, Lukas Mayer-Suess, Tobias Boeckh-Behrens, Isabelle Riederer, Randolf Klingebiel, Bjoern Berger, Martin Schlunz-Hendann, Dominik Grieb, Ali Khanafer, Richard du Mesnil de Rochemont, Christophe Arendt, Jens Altenbernd, Jan-Ulrich Schlump, Adrian Ringelstein, Vivian Jean Marcel Sanio, Christian Loehr, Agnes Maria Dahlke, Carolin Brockmann, Sebastian Reder, Ulrich Sure, Yan Li, Ruben Muehl-Benninghaus, Thomas Rodt, Kai Kallenberg, Alexandru Durutya, Mohamed Elsharkawy, Paul Stracke, Mathias Gerhard Schumann, Alexander Bock, Omid Nikoubashman, Martin Wiesmann, Hans Henkes, Pascal J. Mosimann, Rene Chapot, Michael Forsting, Cornelius Deuschl
Summary: There is limited data on the frequency and outcome of mechanical thrombectomy (MT) for large vessel occlusion (LVO) in COVID-19 patients. Our multicenter study found that most cases of LVO treated with MT in COVID-19 patients were due to cardioembolic events. While successful reperfusion was achieved in the majority of cases, there was a significant rate of procedure-related complications and poor clinical outcomes, with a high mortality rate.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINTERVENTIONAL SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Vincent Beliveau, Christoph Birkl, Ambra Stefani, Elke R. Gizewski, Christoph Scherfler
Summary: The purpose of this study was to accurately predict susceptibility from homodyne-filtered phase images using convolutional neural networks. The results showed that the U-Net model provided more accurate voxel-wise predictions of susceptibility, while the HFP-QSMGAN model had stronger correlations with TGV-QSM in terms of regional estimates of susceptibility.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Andrea Quattrone, Maria G. Bianco, Angelo Antonini, David E. Vaillancourt, Klaus Seppi, Roberto Ceravolo, Antonio P. Strafella, Gioacchino Tedeschi, Alessandro Tessitore, Roberto Cilia, Maurizio Morelli, Salvatore Nigro, Basilio Vescio, Pier Paolo Arcuri, Rosa De Micco, Mario Cirillo, Luca Weis, Eleonora Fiorenzato, Roberta Biundo, Roxana G. Burciu, Florian Krismer, Nikolaus R. McFarland, Christoph Mueller, Elke R. Gizewski, Mirco Cosottini, Eleonora Del Prete, Sonia Mazzucchi, Aldo Quattrone
Summary: This study developed an automated Magnetic Resonance Parkinsonism Index 2.0 (MRPI 2.0) algorithm to differentiate progressive supranuclear palsy-parkinsonism (PSP-P) from Parkinson's disease (PD) and validated its diagnostic performance in two large independent cohorts. The automated MRPI 2.0 showed excellent performance in distinguishing PSP-P from PD and control subjects in both cohorts, suggesting its generalizability. The use of the automated MRPI 2.0 algorithm could standardize measures in patients with PSP-P across centers and have a positive impact on multicenter studies and clinical trials.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stephanie Alice Treichl, Wing Mann Ho, Ruth Steiger, Astrid Ellen Grams, Andreas Rietzler, Markus Luger, Elke Ruth Gizewski, Claudius Thome, Ondra Petr
Summary: This pilot study evaluated the feasibility and diagnostic potential of early 31P-MRS in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). The results showed that 31P-MRS can detect significant changes in cerebral energy metabolism in different cerebrovascular territories, providing valuable information for understanding early brain injury.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Malik Galijasevic, Ruth Steiger, Stephanie Mangesius, Julian Mangesius, Johannes Kerschbaumer, Christian Franz Freyschlag, Nadja Gruber, Tanja Janjic, Elke Ruth Gizewski, Astrid Ellen Grams
Summary: This review provides an insight into the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in the diagnosis and follow-up of gliomas. It covers both proton and phosphorous MRS techniques in clinical and scientific practice, including preoperative grade prediction and post-treatment follow-up. The review also discusses the current research utility and possible future strategies of proton and phosphorous MRS in glioma research.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Nadja Gruber, Malik Galijasevic, Milovan Regodic, Astrid Ellen Grams, Christian Siedentopf, Ruth Steiger, Marlene Hammerl, Markus Haltmeier, Elke Ruth Gizewski, Tanja Janjic
Summary: Segmentation of specific brain tissue from MRI volumes is crucial for brain disease diagnosis and monitoring. This paper presents an efficient deep learning approach using CNNs and multi-view segmentation models to improve segmentation performance. The proposed method is evaluated using expert rating and standard evaluation metrics, showing its competitive accuracy and clinical applicability.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Julian Mangesius, Stephanie Mangesius, Matthias Demetz, Christian Uprimny, Gianpaolo Di Santo, Malik Galijasevic, Danijela Minasch, Elke R. Gizewski, Ute Ganswindt, Irene Virgolini, Claudius Thome, Christian F. Freyschlag, Johannes Kerschbaumer
Summary: Radiation necrosis is a common problem in neuro-oncology, and interdisciplinary collaboration is necessary for image interpretation and patient management. This article provides an institutional guideline for using current imaging tools to differentiate radiation necrosis from tumor recurrence, and discusses therapeutic possibilities and future developments.
Article
Oncology
Valentin Karl Ladenhauf, Malik Galijasevic, Johannes Kerschbaumer, Christian Franz Freyschlag, Martha Nowosielski, Anna Maria Birkl-Toeglhofer, Johannes Haybaeck, Elke Ruth Gizewski, Stephanie Mangesius, Astrid Ellen Grams
Summary: MGMT-methylated glioblastomas have lower ADC values compared to glioblastomas without MGMT methylation in peritumoral white matter. There were no differences in enhancing tumor areas. These findings could improve predictions of MGMT status in glioblastomas.
Article
Oncology
Sarah Iglseder, Anna Iglseder, Vincent Beliveau, Johanna Heugenhauser, Elke R. Gizewski, Johannes Kerschbaumer, Guenther Stockhammer, Christian Uprimny, Irene Virgolini, Jozsef Dudas, Meinhard Nevinny-Stickel, Martha Nowosielski, Christoph Scherfler
Summary: This retrospective study aimed to analyze the correlation between somatostatin receptor subtypes (SSTR 1-5) and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) in meningioma patients using Gallium-68 DOTA-D-Phe1-Tyr3-octreotide Positron Emission Tomography ([68Ga]Ga-DOTATOC PET). The study also developed a radiomic model based on apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps derived from diffusion weighted magnetic resonance images (DWI MRI) to reproduce SUVmax. Results showed that SSTR subtypes 2A, 2B, and 5 correlated significantly with SUVmax in meningioma patients.
JOURNAL OF NEURO-ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Martin Bendszus, Jens Fiehler, Fabien Subtil, Susanne Bonekamp, Anne Hege Aamodt, Blanca Fuentes, Elke R. Gizewski, Michael D. Hill, Antonin Krajina, Laurent Pierot, Claus Z. Simonsen, Kamil Zelenak, Rolf A. Blauenfeldt, Bastian Cheng, Angelique Denis, Hannes Deutschmann, Franziska Dorn, Fabian Flottmann, Susanne Gellissen, Johannes C. Gerber, Mayank Goyal, Jozef Haring, Christian Herweh, Silke Hopf-Jensen, Vi Tuan Hua, Maerit Jensen, Andreas Kastrup, Christiane Fee Keil, Andrej Klepanec, Egon Kurca, Ronni Mikkelsen, Markus Moehlenbruch, Stefan Mueller-Huelsbeck, Nico Muennich, Paolo Pagano, Panagiotis Papanagiotou, Gabor C. Petzold, Mirko Pham, Volker Puetz, Jan Raupach, Gernot Reimann, Peter Arthur Ringleb, Maximilian Schell, Eckhard Schlemm, Silvia Schoenenberger, Bjorn Tennoe, Christian Ulfert, Katerina Valis, Eva Vitkova, Dominik F. Vollherbst, Wolfgang Wick, Goetz Thomalla
Summary: Endovascular thrombectomy is associated with improved functional outcome and lower mortality in patients with acute ischemic stroke from large vessel occlusion using non-contrast CT as the primary imaging modality for patient selection.
Article
Pediatrics
Maria Sappler, Nina Volleritsch, Marlene Hammerl, Yasmin Pellkofer, Elke Griesmaier, Elke Ruth Gizewski, Susanne Kaser, Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Vera Neubauer
Summary: This study found that there was no impairment of brain development in GDM-exposed preterm infants compared to matched controls, but there were differences in white matter microstructure in specific regions indicating an enhanced maturation. However, neurodevelopmental outcome did not differ between the groups.