Article
Cell Biology
Tomonari Hirano, Yuka Matsuyama, Anna Hanada, Yoriko Hayashi, Tomoko Abe, Hisato Kunitake
Summary: The study found that irradiation of pollen with heavy-ion beams induces complex DNA damage in male gametes, leading to chromosome abnormalities and bridges during pollen tube growth. Despite the damage, male gametes activate functions to cope with radiation-induced DNA damage, suggesting a potential response mechanism during pollen tube growth.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yazhong Wang, Yan Wang, Jie Zang, Huabang Chen, Yan He
Summary: The function of PRD1 in regulating meiotic DSB formation is conserved in maize, but its role in bipolar spindle assembly shows divergence among different plant species. ZmPRD1 is essential for DSB formation and homologous recombination in maize meiosis, but the function of PRD1 in bipolar spindle assembly during rice meiosis is not conserved in maize.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiao Chen, Zuer Lu, Weibin Gong, Xue Xiao, Xiaoli Feng, Wei Li, Shan Shan, Dongyi Xu, Zheng Zhou
Summary: Inhibition of host DNA damage response (DDR) by viruses is a common mechanism to manipulate host cellular machinery and orchestrate viral life cycles. Here, the study reveals the structural basis of Epstein-Barr virus tegument protein BKRF4 binding to partially unfolded nucleosomes and elucidates an unconventional mechanism of host DDR signal attenuation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jia-Qian Ju, Xiao-Han Li, Meng-Hao Pan, Yi Xu, Yao Xu, Ming-Hong Sun, Shao-Chen Sun
Summary: Mps1 plays crucial roles in regulating the spindle assembly checkpoint and DNA repair during mouse early embryo development. Loss of Mps1 activity leads to abnormal early cleavage, disrupted spindle organization, increased DNA damage, oxidative stress, and activation of apoptosis and autophagy pathways.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yuduki Someya, Sakine Kobayashi, Kazuya Toriumi, Shigeki Takeda, Noritaka Adachi, Aya Kurosawa
Summary: Natural antioxidants derived from plants show various physiological effects, including antitumor effects. However, the molecular mechanisms of each natural antioxidant have not been fully elucidated. This study focused on DNA as a target and evaluated the effects of antioxidants on DNA damage. The results showed that some antioxidants induced DNA damage through different mechanisms, while others exhibited cytotoxic effects through other mechanisms.
Article
Oncology
Dilara Koyuncu, Utsav Sharma, Erik T. Goka, Marc E. Lippman
Summary: The study revealed that SAC genes were elevated in breast cancer, with BUB1B showing the most significant change. Overexpression of BUB1B was associated with decreased overall survival. Reduction of BUB1B expression led to decreased viability and clonogenicity in BrCa cell lines, increased apoptosis and cell death, as well as chromosomal abnormalities.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Wonkyung Oh, Ting Ting Wu, Seo-Yeon Jeong, Ho Jin You, Jung-Hee Lee
Summary: CtIP plays a critical role in regulating mitosis by interacting with TPX2 to control spindle dynamics and regulate the concentration of Aurora A and microtubule intensity at the spindle poles. Depletion of CtIP may lead to improper execution of mitosis and result in chromosomal instability.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Da-Jie Deng, Xi Wang, Kai-Ye Yue, Yamei Wang, Quan-Wen Jin
Summary: This study investigated the role of fission yeast PP2A in SAC silencing. The results showed that the absence of two B56 regulatory subunits of PP2A only slightly delayed SAC inactivation. Overexpression of individual PP2A subunits could only slightly suppress the SAC silencing defects in PP1 deletion cells. Therefore, fission yeast PP2A is not a key regulator actively involved in SAC inactivation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ana C. Henriques, Patricia M. A. Silva, Bruno Sarmento, Hassan Bousbaa
Summary: Antimitotic drugs can induce cell death by activating the spindle assembly checkpoint, but cancer cells treated with these drugs can escape death through mitotic slippage. By inhibiting SAC silencing and delaying mitotic slippage, the effectiveness of antimitotic drugs can be improved, leading to enhanced cell death. Inhibition of SAC silencing also sensitizes cancer cells to apoptosis-inducing small molecules, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy for antimitotic therapies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Developmental Biology
Marianne Roca, Lydia Besnardeau, Elisabeth Christians, Alex McDougall, Janet Chenevert, Stefania Castagnetti
Summary: The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is responsible for delaying anaphase onset until all chromosomes are correctly attached to spindle microtubules, maintaining genome integrity. In chordate embryos, SAC is inactive or cell-cycle target machinery is unresponsive during early development, allowing mitotic progression despite spindle defects. However, in Phallusia mammillata embryos, the SAC delays mitotic progression from the 8th cleavage divisions and unattached kinetochores are recognized by the SAC machinery after the 7th cell cycle. The strength of SAC and its modulation by cell fate and size resemble SAC control in non-chordate embryos.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yunlong Lu, Yunyun Song, Lingtong Liu, Tai Wang
Summary: The study found that the DNA methylation of sperm cells (SCs) in tomato is closely related to the generative cell (GC) and that the methylation landscape in SCs may be pre-established following the asymmetric division or inherited from the GC. The impact of DNA methylation on transcription varies in different cell types, with gene and transposable element (TE) expression in the microspore being more predictable by DNA methylation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ioannis Emmanouilidis, Natalia Fili, Alexander W. Cook, Yukti Hari-Gupta, Alia dos Santos, Lin Wang, Marisa L. Martin-Fernandez, Peter J. I. Ellis, Christopher P. Toseland
Summary: Mammalian cells are constantly exposed to various DNA damaging events, leading to the activation of DNA repair pathways. Cas9-based genomic intervention allows for induced DSBs at defined quantities and locations across the human genome, utilizing custom-designed promiscuous guide RNAs based on in silico predictions. This provides a generic, low-cost, and rapid methodology for inducing controlled DNA damage in cell culture models.
Article
Cell Biology
Ajay K. Singh, S. Lava Kumar, Rohit Beniwal, Aradhana Mohanty, Bhawna Kushwaha, H. B. D. Prasada Rao
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of DNA synthesis in repairing damaged DNA during mammalian oocyte maturation, with DNA polymerase delta identified as a crucial factor. Inhibiting DNA synthesis leads to DNA damage accumulation and delays in oocyte maturation, while inhibition of the spindle assembly checkpoint can bypass this delay. Around 20% of unperturbed oocytes experience spontaneously arising damage during maturation, highlighting the significance of damage-associated DNA synthesis monitored by the spindle assembly checkpoint.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jian Liu, Hongsheng Xue, Chunxiao Li, Xiangyu Chen, Jiannan Yao, Dongkui Xu, Haili Qian
Summary: We identified the subcellular distribution of MTA1 in mitotic cancer cells and its role in inhibiting SAC activation. MTA1 is localized in the spindle apparatus throughout mitosis and interacts with TPR. The MTA1-TPR complex represents a distinct SAC-associated complex separate from the TPR-MAD1/MAD2 complex.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Thomas Senghore, Wen-Chang Wang, Huei-Tzu Chien, You-Xin Chen, Chi-Kuang Young, Shiang-Fu Huang, Chih-Ching Yeh
Summary: The A-allele of XRCC2 rs2040639 may be associated with reduced recurrence risk and improved disease-free survival for patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Further validation from studies with larger samples or different ethnic populations is necessary.
Article
Agronomy
Yoichiro Hoshino, Noriko Kanematsu, Masahiro Mii
Article
Horticulture
Zahra Aghaali, Yoichiro Hoshino, Sajad Rashidi Monfared, Ahmad Moieni
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2019)
Article
Horticulture
Yoichiro Hoshino, Masashi Nakata, Toshinari Godo
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2019)
Article
Horticulture
Ayana Okada, Satoshi Kikuchi, Yoichiro Hoshino, Hisato Kunitake, Makiko Mimura
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryohei Fujita, Takahiro Hayasaka, Shigeki Jin, Shu-Ping Hui, Yoichiro Hoshino
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Arisa Nakano, Masahiro Mii, Yoichiro Hoshino
Summary: In this study, triploid and hexaploid Haemanthus albiflos plants were successfully generated through endosperm culture and colchicine treatment, providing a new approach to enhance the ornamental value of the plants.
PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Miyako Kato, Hitoshi Watanabe, Yoichiro Hoshino
Summary: Pollen tube growth is crucial for fertilization in angiosperms, but its relationship with style length remains unclear. In this study, we examined the growth ability of pollen tubes in different Petunia species using a liquid pollen germination medium. The results showed that style length significantly affected pollen tube growth, both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, interspecific pollination experiments demonstrated that pollen tube growth tended to be suppressed in self-incompatibility species.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Arisa Nakano, Yoichiro Hoshino
Summary: A protocol was developed to produce tetraploid and octoploid Haemanthus albiflos plants through colchicine treatment of diploid immature embryo-derived calli. Somatic embryogenesis on a half-strength MS medium without plant growth regulators was used to induce tetraploids and octoploids.
PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE
(2022)
Article
Horticulture
Ryohei Fujita, Shigeki Jin, Kotaro Matoba, Yoichiro Hoshino
Summary: In this study, interspecific hybridization between Miyama-uguisukagura and haskap was conducted to improve fruit quality. The results showed that the hybridization changed carotenoid biosynthesis, increased beta-carotene, and induced the conversion of beta-cryptoxanthin to haskap. This study provides a strategy for expanding color variation in fruit breeding programs and offers novel materials for analyzing vigor phenomenon in hybrid plants.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Jixiao Li, Yumeno Suzuki, Yoichiro Hoshino
Summary: This study investigated the fruit and leaf phenotypes of different ploidy level plants of honeyberry (Lonicera caerulea). The results showed a positive relationship in fresh fruit weight and size between diploids and tetraploids, but this trend was not observed in higher-order ploidy levels. The same tendency was observed in the soluble solids content of the fruit. No relationship was found among the other traits with ploidy levels. Therefore, the influence of genotype may be greater than that of ploidy levels in the phenotype of honeyberry plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiangji Meng, Arisa Nakano, Yoichiro Hoshino
Summary: This study developed a reliable Mask R-CNN model for detecting stomata in Lonicera caerulea, which efficiently and accurately analyzed the stomatal features of the plant. The results showed that the measurements obtained using the model were as accurate as manual measurements.
Article
Agronomy
Masumi Yamagishi, Yutaka Jitsuyama, Yoichiro Hoshino
Summary: This study induced tetraploid L. leichtlinii plants in vitro and evaluated their characteristics in the field. The tetraploid plants exhibited earlier flowering, wider leaves, and larger tepals compared to diploid plants. They also showed higher tolerance to Botrytis disease and tended to have increased bulb yield.
Article
Plant Sciences
Daichi Kuniyoshi, Itaru Masuda, Yoshitaka Kanaoka, Yuki Shimazaki-Kishi, Yoshihiro Okamoto, Hideshi Yasui, Toshio Yamamoto, Kiyotaka Nagaki, Yoichiro Hoshino, Yohei Koide, Itsuro Takamure, Yuji Kishima
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yuri Hoyo, Yoichiro Hoshino, Shiro Tsuyuzaki
Article
Horticulture
Ryohei Fujita, Shigeki Jin, Takahiro Hayasaka, Kotaro Matoba, Yoichiro Hoshino
HORTICULTURE JOURNAL
(2020)