Article
Neurosciences
Patrick A. Fletcher, Kosara Smiljanic, Rafael M. Previde, Stephanie Constantin, Arthur S. Sherman, Steven L. Coon, Stanko S. Stojilkovic
Summary: The mammalian pituitary gland consists of various types of cells, including folliculostellate cells (FSCs), pituicytes, vascular pericytes, endothelial cells, and stem cells. In this study, the researchers performed single-cell RNA sequencing and immunohistofluorescence analyses of pituitary cells from adult female rats. They found that FSCs express genes and proteins related to astrocytes, as well as some stem cell markers. These findings provide insight into the characteristics of FSCs and their potential roles in the pituitary gland.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Angela Picerno, Francesca Giannuzzi, Claudia Curci, Giuseppe De Palma, Maria Giovanna Di Chiano, Simona Simone, Rossana Franzin, Anna Gallone, Vito Francesco Di Lorenzo, Alessandra Stasi, Giovanni Battista Pertosa, Carlo Sabba, Loreto Gesualdo, Fabio Sallustio
Summary: The lncRNA HOTAIR is highly expressed in renal progenitor cells and plays a key role in maintaining their proliferative capacity and limiting apoptosis. Knockout of HOTAIR leads to senescence of renal progenitor cells and decreased expression of the stem cell marker CD133. HOTAIR exerts its function through epigenetic silencing of cell cycle inhibitor p15.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Yangzi Jiang, Rocky S. Tuan
Summary: Different adult stem cells and their ECM can enhance cartilage regeneration by inducing chondrogenic gene expression. The ECM produced by different cell types has varying protein composition and chondrogenic effects.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
David A. A. Shafritz, Mo R. R. Ebrahimkhani, Michael Oertel
Summary: Progenitor cells isolated from the fetal liver have the potential to generate new healthy tissue mass. Transplanted fetal liver cells can repopulate the liver and differentiate into functional hepatic cells, leading to anti-fibrotic effects. This approach holds great potential for developing novel cell-based therapies for liver disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lourdes Ceja, Sean S. Escopete, Lorelei Hughes, Larry V. Lopez, Victor Camberos, Paul Vallejos, Nathan R. Wall, Mary Kearns-Jonker
Summary: New stem cell and extracellular-vesicle-based therapies show promise in improving outcomes for heart failure patients. In this study, researchers found that extracellular vesicles isolated from neonatal cardiovascular progenitor cells can induce transcriptional changes associated with enhanced regenerative capacity. Treating adult cardiovascular progenitor cells with these neonatal-derived extracellular vesicles resulted in increased expression of AKT, ERBB, and YAP1 transcripts, which are associated with improved cardiovascular regeneration and cell cycle activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Junchen Chen, Xiaoxue Dong, Xuejun Cheng, Qiang Zhu, Jinyu Zhang, Qian Li, Xiaoli Huang, Min Wang, Liping Li, Weixiang Guo, Binggui Sun, Qiang Shu, Wen Yi, Xuekun Li
Summary: Ogt deficiency in adult neural stem/progenitor cells leads to a decrease in the aNSPC pool, abnormal neurogenesis, and impaired cognitive function in adult mice. Mechanistic studies reveal that Ogt catalyzes the O-GlcNAc modification of the Notch TM/ICD fragment, which in turn affects neurogenic defects induced by Ogt deficiency.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ning Xu, Tingting Xu, Raymond Mirasol, Lena Holmberg, Per Henrik Vincent, Xiaofei Li, Anna Falk, Eirikur Benedikz, Emilia Rotstein, Ake Seiger, Elisabet Akesson, Scott Falci, Erik Sundstrom
Summary: The study developed a rat model of PTS and demonstrated that transplantation of human neural stem/progenitor cells can be used as an effective treatment for PTS in an animal model closely mimicking the clinical situation. The neural cells transplanted into the cysts prevented further expansion and partially obliterated the cysts, significantly reducing their volumes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diego Herrero, Guillermo Albericio, Marina Higuera, Maria Herranz-Lopez, Miguel A. Garcia-Brenes, Alejandra Cordero, Enrique Roche, Pilar Sepulveda, Carmen Mora, Antonio Bernad
Summary: Research on the interaction of adult cardiac progenitor cells with other cardiac cell populations can define the vascular cardiac stem cell niche, which is associated with low oxidative stress domains in vasculature, and manipulating this niche may offer new hope in the cardiac regeneration field.
Article
Cell Biology
Suneel Rallapalli, Soma Guhathakurta, Purna S. Korrapati
Summary: The discovery of CPCs has raised hopes for heart cell therapy, but there are still issues with defining CPC types and validating methods for generating high-quality CPC populations. Long-term culture may alter CPC immunophenotypes, highlighting the need for validated molecular signatures to assess the impact of ex vivo expansion on cell therapy products.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Gurmannat Kalra, Daniell Lenz, Dunia Abdul-Aziz, Craig Hanna, Mahashweta Basu, Brian R. Herb, Carlo Colantuoni, Beatrice Milon, Madhurima Saxena, Amol C. Shetty, Ronna Hertzano, Ramesh A. Shivdasani, Seth A. Ament, Albert S. B. Edge
Summary: In this study, we examined the changes in chromatin accessibility and transcriptional programs during the differentiation of cochlear hair cells from postmitotic supporting cells using organoids. We identified Lgr5+ cells as the progenitors for hair cells and revealed the gene regulatory networks involved in their development. The analysis also predicted the involvement of additional regulatory factors in hair cell regeneration. This study provides important insights into the signals for hair cell regeneration from mammalian supporting cells.
Article
Neurosciences
Stanley F. Bazarek, Mentor Thaqi, Patrick King, Amol R. Mehta, Ronil Patel, Clark A. Briggs, Emily Reisenbigler, Jonathon E. Yousey, Elis A. Miller, Grace E. Stutzmann, Robert A. Marr, Daniel A. Peterson
Summary: Adult rat cortical OPCs can be re-specified to a neuronal lineage both in vitro and in vivo by expressing the transcription factor Ngn2. This results in the expression of neuronal lineage markers and genes, as well as the development of functional pyramidal cortical neurons. The re-specification of OPCs does not require prior injury, indicating the potential for engineering additional neurons in the adult cerebral cortex.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Saishu Yoshida, Hideaki Yurino, Masaaki Kobayashi, Naoto Nishimura, Kentaro Yano, Ken Fujiwara, Shin-Ichi Hashimoto, Takako Kato, Yukio Kato
Summary: The study reveals the structural characteristics of pituitary stem/progenitor cell niches and identifies the expression of tight junction-related proteins in these niches. These proteins may play a role in maintaining the structure and plasticity of pituitary stem/progenitor cell niches.
JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Naresh Polisetti, Guenther Schlunck, Thomas Reinhard
Summary: The expression pattern of PAX6 in limbal niche cells, such as mesenchymal stromal cells and melanocytes, is not well understood. This study shows that PAX6 is mainly expressed in limbal epithelial cells and plays a crucial role in maintaining their identity and fate.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ye Cao, Scott M. Bolam, Anna L. Boss, Helen C. Murray, Jacob T. Munro, Raewyn C. Poulsen, Nicola Dalbeth, Anna E. S. Brooks, Brya G. Matthews
Summary: This study indicates considerable diversity in the non-hematopoietic cell populations within different tissue compartments of the adult human skeleton, and suggests that periosteal progenitor cells may reside within the CD90+CD34+ population.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Nicholas E. Stone, Andrew P. Voigt, Robert F. Mullins, Todd Sulchek, Budd A. Tucker
Summary: Autologous photoreceptor cell replacement is a promising approach for treating inherited retinal degenerative blindness, but enrichment of photoreceptor cells and correction of disease-causing genetic mutations are crucial. While advanced retinal differentiation protocols can generate various cell types, most of them are unnecessary and may hinder successful transplantation.
STEM CELLS TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Mitchell George, Kevin R. Aroom, Harvey G. Hawes, Brijesh S. Gill, Joseph Love
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2017)
Meeting Abstract
Surgery
Mitchell J. George, Kevin R. Aroom, Max A. Skibber, Tushar Sharma, Charles E. Wade, Charles S. Cox, Brijesh Gill
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS
(2017)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Miguel F. Diaz, Abishek B. Vaidya, Siobahn M. Evans, Hyun J. Lee, Benjamin M. Aertker, Alexander J. Alexander, Katherine M. Price, Joyce A. Ozuna, George P. Liao, Kevin R. Aroom, Hasen Xue, Liang Gu, Rui Omichi, Supinder Bedi, Scott D. Olson, Charles S. Cox, Pamela L. Wenzel
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Mitchell J. George, Kevin R. Aroom, Max A. Skibber, Tushar Sharma, Charles E. Wade, Charles S. Cox, Brijesh S. Gill
Article
Surgery
Mitchell J. George, Kevin R. Aroom, Charles E. Wade, Charles S. Cox, Brijesh S. Gill
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2020)
Review
Oncology
Borbala Kiss, Edit Miko, Eva Sebo, Judit Toth, Gyula Ujlaki, Judit Szabo, Karen Uray, Peter Bai, Peter Arkosy
Review
Cell Biology
Karen Uray, Evelin Major, Beata Lontay
Article
Oncology
Zsanett Sari, Edit Miko, Tunde Kovacs, Anita Boratko, Gyula Ujlaki, Laura Janko, Borbala Kiss, Karen Uray, Peter Bai
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Azzam Aladdin, Yanhua Yao, Ciyu Yang, Gunther Kahlert, Marvi Ghani, Nikolett Kiraly, Anita Boratko, Karen Uray, Gunnar Dittmar, Krisztina Tar
Article
Cell Biology
Laura Janko, Tunde Kovacs, Miklos Laczik, Zsanett Sari, Gyula Ujlaki, Greta Kis, Ibolya Horvath, Miklos Antal, Laszlo Vigh, Balint L. Balint, Karen Uray, Peter Bai
Summary: The deletion of PARP2 induces mitochondrial biogenesis and activity, leading to mitochondrial fragmentation in myoblasts; strong reductants can reverse mitochondrial fragmentation, and the generation of reactive oxygen species of mitochondrial origin is a key factor.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivan P. Uray, Karen Uray
Summary: Mechanical signals are crucial for the survival, adaptation, and normal functioning of cells. Mechanotransduction, the process of converting mechanical information into intracellular biochemical signals, plays a key role in physiological and pathological processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tibor Docsa, Adam Sipos, Charles S. Cox, Karen Uray
Summary: Feeding intolerance and ileus are common complications in critically ill, surgical, and trauma patients, leading to longer hospital stays, increased infections, readmission rates, and medical costs. Current medical treatment for ileus is ineffective and has serious side effects. Inflammatory mediators play a critical role in the development of ileus, but their direct effects on gastrointestinal cells are not well understood.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Job Baffin Kola, Tibor Docsa, Karen Uray
Summary: Normal gastrointestinal function relies on sensing and transducing mechanical signals into changes in intracellular signaling pathways. Both specialized and non-specialized cells in the gastrointestinal tract participate in physiological and pathological responses to mechanical signals. The role of mechanosensors in different cell types, examples of their role in normal physiology, and diseases involving mechanotransductive pathways are reviewed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Job Baffin Kola, Botagoz Turarova, Dora Csige, Adam Sipos, Luca Varga, Bence Gergely, Farah Al Refai, Ivan P. Uray, Tibor Docsa, Karen Uray
Summary: Although HCN2 channels are expressed in various cell types in the gut, their role in intestinal motility is not well understood. This study showed that inhibition of HCN2 significantly suppressed both spontaneous and agonist-induced contractile activity in the small intestine. The suppression of contractile activity by HCN2 inhibition was not affected by inflammatory mediators but was partially attenuated by increased stretch of the intestinal tissue.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gyula Ujlaki, Tunde Kovacs, Andras Vida, Endre Kokai, Boglara Rauch, Szandra Schwarcz, Edit Miko, Eszter Janka, Adrienn Sipos, Csaba Hegedus, Karen Uray, Peter Nagy, Peter Bai
Summary: Breast cancer patients experience changes in their gut microbiome, leading to impaired production of antineoplastic bacterial metabolites. This study aimed to identify bacterial metabolites with antineoplastic properties. A library of 30 bacterial metabolites was screened for their effects on cell proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. Several metabolites exhibited cytostatic or hyperproliferative effects, and some inhibited epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Redox sets of metabolites were identified, with only one partner in the set possessing bioactivity, suggesting a potential role of local redox potential in the bacterial secretome. Among the bioactive metabolites, only 2,3-butanediol had both cytostatic and anti-EMT properties.